摘要:

AbstractImmobilization of amyloglucosidase (EC 3.2.1.3) fromEndomycopsis bisporaandAspergillus nigerwas followed with carriers containing epoxide, aldehyde, and primary amino groups. Determinations of stability of bound enzyme showed that the most active and stable preparations were obtained by application of the carrier with amino groups activated with glutaraldehyde (activity half‐life 96.6 days). Optimum pH and and temperature were found for cleavage of starch solution andKM(app) andVmax(app) values were determined for all prepared sample

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260200902

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA method for the succinylation of yeast Proteins during their isolation is described. Some factor affecting the extent of succinylation are described, e.g., heating of protein (80°C for 5 min) prior to dervatization reduced maximum succinylation of available ε‐amino groups from 88 to 54%. Succinylation of amino groups progressively increased as the concentration of succinic anhydride was increased and there was a concomitant decrease in nucleic acid content of the precipitated protein concentrate from 12.5 to 5.3 for 0 and 88% succinylation, respectively, succinylation enhanced the solubility of the protein concentrates particularly below pH 7 and it decreased the isoelectric point pH. 4.5 to

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260200903

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe design, Construction, and operation of a 400 liter all‐glass fermentor, made from industrial glass Components, is described in detail. Outline details are also given for 100 and liter vessels of similar construction. The performance of the 400 liter fermentor with a variety of organisms is discussed. Harvesting performance. Using a disk‐stak centrifuge, is also descri

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260200904

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGlucose isomerase (D‐xylose ketol‐isomerase EC 5.3.1.5) fromBacillus Coagulanswas partially purified and immobilized by adsorption to anion exchangers. The highest activities were obtained when the enzyme was adsorbed to DEAE‐cellulose. On immobilization to DEAE‐cellulose the measured optimum pH value for enzyme activity shifted from 7.2 to 6.8. There was no appreciable difference between the heat stabilities of soluble and immobilized enzyme. TheKm appvalues for the immobilized enzyme were found to be 0.25Min the presence of 0.01MMg2+and 0.19Mwith 0.005MMg2+, while those enzyme were 0.11 and 0.17M, re spectively. Under conditions of contimuous ofD‐glucose, a decrease of activity with time was observed, but this decrease was less at a low Mg2+concentration and was affected by column geometry. There were no appreciable diffusional limitation effects in packed‐

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260200905

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new type of continuous fermentor has been developed which features an agitation‐aeration system based on pulsed flow across perforated plates the use of plug flow to achieve a concentration gradient. The influence of the agitation‐aeration parameters (in this case the pulsed speed) has been measured, and mathematical models have been produced for the gas hold‐up, the power dissipated in agitation and aeration, the oxygen‐transfer rate, and efficiency. The oxygen transfer is high, up to 600 mmol/liter hr with a transfer efficiency much higher than that published for any other te

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260200906

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBy enzymatically establishing a rapid (essentially equilibrium) coupling of a redox coenzyme such as NAD with the components of the ferrocyanide–ferricyanide half‐cell (e.g., using excess diaphorase) the half‐cell potential can be used to monitor another enzymatic reaction involving the same coenzyme. This approach provides a general, rapid potentiometric method of assaying coenzyme‐dependent oxidoreductase enzymes. We show that these assay systems can be designed for multiple turnover of coenzyme (in our case NAD) during a single assay thereby amplifying the rate of electromotive force (emf) change with a concomitant increase in sensitivity of enzyme assay. This allows the use of small concentrations of coenzyme and extension of the range of enzyme concentrations that may be

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260200907

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCell recycle and vacuum fermentation processes are described for the continuous production of ethanol. Preliminary process design studies are employed to make an economic comparison of these alternative fermentation schemes with continuous and batch fermentation technologies. Designs are based on a production capacity of 78,000 gal 95% ethanol (EtOH)/day employing molasses as the fermentation substrate. The studies indicate that a 57% reduction in fixed capital investment is realized by continuous rather than batch operation. Further decreases in required capital investment of 68 and 71% over batch fermentation were obtained for cell recycle and vacuum operation, respectively. However, ethanol production costs were dominated by the cost of molasses, representing over 75% of the total manufacturing cost. But, when a reasonable yeast by‐product credit was assumed, the net production cost for 95% ethanol was estimated at 82.3 and 80.6 cent/gal, for the cell recycle and vacuum processes, respectivel

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260200908

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGlucoamylase from four different companies was studied: three had similar stability (half‐life at 50°C about 140 hr); the fourth was less stable (half‐life at 50°C about 20 hr). The immobilized enzymes were all less stable than their soluble counterparts: immobilized enzyme stability depended on the soluble enzyme used, the support, and method of immobilization. Thus enzyme bound to Enzacryl‐TIO was less stable than enzyme bound to hornblende (metal‐link method); this, in turn, was less stable than enzyme bound to hornblende by a silane–glutaraldehyde process. Bound enzyme stability was also improved by the presence of substrate or product (starch maltose or glucose). After 110 hr at 50°C in the presence of maltose (10% (w/v)) one preparation (a more stable soluble enzyme boul1d to hornblende by a silane–glutaraldehyde process) retained over 95% of its activity: activity loss was too low to permit the estimation

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260200909

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260200910

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260200911

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY