摘要:

AbstractWhile investigating in utero sound levels during vibro‐acoustic stimulation on the maternal abdomen it was noticed that noise level increased when the real‐time ultrasonic scanner beam was directed at the sensing hydrophone. The noise was recorded and later analysed for frequency content and waveform. It appeared related to the scanning and frame rate frequencies of the scanner used. Sounds may originate from radiation pressure produced when the ultrasound beam is absorbed by tissue or reflected from bone or the metal hydrophone. This implies that although ultrasound cannot be heard per se, any modulation of its intensity will produce vibrations in the maternal tissues or reflecting structures such as skull bone, and especially stapes, malleus and incus, that would be heard as sound by the fetus. The intensity of the sound produced varied with orientation of the transducer beam and this may itself produce a stimulation. Based on our recordings (Fig. 1), it was calculated (please see Appendix) that the fetus would hear a sound corresponding to 84dB noise pressure level in

ISSN:1341-8076    

DOI:10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb01067.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn view of the potential of 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25(OH)2D3] as a cell‐differentiation‐inducing agent in endometrial cancer, the localization of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) was examined immunohistochemically in 21 endometrial adenocarcinoma specimens, and the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3on cell growth, as well as the phenotypic changes for cell maturation after treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3, was investigated in 2 endometrial carcinoma cell lines (AMEC‐1, RL95‐2). The VDR was detected in 14 of the 21 endometrial carcinoma specimens. The growth of RL95‐2 cells expressing VDR was inhibited to 44% when cultured with 50 nM 1,25(OH)2D3for 6 days. In contrast, the growth of AMEC‐1 cells not expressing VDR was completely uninhibited even when cultured with 100 nM 1,25(OH)2D3for 6 days. The RL95‐2 cells exposed to 50 nM 1,25(OH)2D3for 6 days had an increasing expression for 52.5 kD or 45 kD cytokeratin polypeptide, and they became columnar with pronounced polarity and formed gland‐like structures when cultured in collagen gel. These results suggest that endometrial adenocarcinoma is a target for 1,25(OH)2D3, which appears to function as a cell‐differentiation‐inducing agent for the treatment

ISSN:1341-8076    

DOI:10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb01068.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractComparative cytogenetic studies were performed in 40 cases of untreated epithelial ovarian tumors. Of these 40 tumors, 13 were classified as benign, 3 as borderline, and 24 as malignant, according to the WHO classification for ovarian tumors. Of 13 benign ovarian tumors, 4 (30.8%) showed chromosomal abnormalities. Of 4 ovarian tumors, 3 (75%) had single chromosomal abnormalities, and the remaining tumor (25%) retained multiple chromosomal abnormalities.Of 3 borderline‐malignant ovarian tumors, 2 (66.7%) showed chromosomal abnormalities. Of 2 ovarian tumors, 1 (50%) indicated single chromosomal abnormalities, and the remaining tumor (50%) revealed multiple chromosomal abnormalities.Of 24 malignant ovarian tumors, 20 (83.3%) showed chromosomal abnormalities. Of these 20 ovarian tumors, 3 (15%) had single chromosomal abnormalities, and the other 17 (85%) exhibited multiple chromosomal abnormalities.These data indicate that the rate of chromosomal abnormalities, especially multiple abnormalities, increases following the progression of malignancy in epithelial ovarian tumor

ISSN:1341-8076    

DOI:10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb01069.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObjective:The purpose of this study is to clarify the physiological role of nitric oxide (NO) in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia.Study Design:Thirty normotensive women (1st trimester,n= 7; 2nd trimester,n= 6; 3rd trimester,n=10; puerperal period,n= 1) and 19 patients with preeclampsia (3rd trimester,n= 9; puerperal period,n= 10) were studied. Urinary and blood samples were obtained from each participant who was designed to be under the same condition. Urinary NOx (nitrate/nitrite) was measured with Greiss method after nitrate reduction. Urinary cyclic guanosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate (cGMP), creatinine clearance, serum triglyceride, uric acid, albumin and blood cell count were also determined.Results:1) Urinary NOx levels in 2nd and 3rd trimester of normal pregnancy tended to be higher than those in 1st trimester. There was also a tendency of decreased urinary NOx in puerperal period. Urinary NOx in antepartum preeclampsia was significantly lower than that of normal pregnancy in 3rd trimester. 2) Urinary cGMP was significantly higher in 2nd trimester of normal pregnancy than in 1st trimester. There was also a tendency of decreased urinary cGMP in puerperal period. In preeclampsia the values in 3rd trimester were significantly higher than those in puerperium. 3) A significant positive correlation was observed between urinary NOx and cGMP only in 3rd trimester of normal gestation. 4) In normal pregnancy of 3rd trimester, significant negative correlations were observed between urinary NOx and either of mean blood pressure or serum triglyceride. In preeclampsia of antepartum, urinary excretion of NOx was significantly correlated positively with creatinine clearance and negatively with mean blood pressure or serum uric acid. Urinary excretion of NOx in both of normal pregnant and preeclamptic women in 3rd trimester was significantly correlated with serum triglyceride.Conclusion:It is suggested that NO may modulate the cardiovascular changes during pregnancy and impaired production of the molecule may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of preecla

ISSN:1341-8076    

DOI:10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb01070.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMaternal high dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has shown promise in the management of severe Rh‐immunization. Intravenous immunoglobulin, blocks Fc mediated antibody transport across the placenta and blocks destruction of fetal red cells and reduces maternal antibody levels. We have tried this new therapy in 6 patients with severe Rh‐immunization, with high maternal antibody titres and previous hydrops and intrauterine deaths. Intravenous immunoglobulin was given from 13–18 weeks of gestation 3–4 weekly, till intrauterine transfusion (IUT) or delivery. Intensive fetal monitoring was done. No fetal hydrops or deaths occurred in any of the 6 cases. Only 2 cases needed intrauterine transfusion. IVIG delayed the onset of fetal anemia by 8–17 weeks thus deferring the need for IUT. All pregnancies continued till 32–36 weeks and all 6 babies did well in the neon

ISSN:1341-8076    

DOI:10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb01071.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the incidence, associated anomalies, and the type of congenital urinary tract anomaly and to know the cause of congenital hydronephrosis.Methods:In 4.5 years, 5,442 fetuses had ultrasonography and 48 cases of fetal urinary tract anomaly were detected. Ultrasonogram was done after delivery with further examination as necessary.Results:The incidence of all types of anomaly was 4.3% (236/5,442) and the incidence of urinary tract anomaly was 0.9% (48/5,442, 8.8/1,000 births) of all babies born and 20.3% (48/236) of entire anomaly. Types of urinary tract anomaly were as follows; hydronephrosis (37 cases), multicystic dysplastic kidney (5 cases), polycystic kidney disease (2 cases), renal agenesis (2 cases), ectopic kidney (1 case) and hypoplastic kidney (1 case). Associated anomalies were found in 8 cases (16.7%) among 48. Causes of hydronephrosis were ureteropelvic obstruction in 13 cases, ureterovesical obstruction in 4 cases, vesicoureteral reflux in 2 cases, proximal ureteral obstruction in 2 cases, and no specific causes in 16 cases.Conclusions:Antenatal ultrasonography is a very useful diagnostic tool in the detection of urinary tract anomaly and a careful search for other anomalies is indicated when urinary tract anomaly is found.

ISSN:1341-8076    

DOI:10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb01072.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObjective:We conjugated the squamous cell carcinoma (CA)‐associated antibody (anti‐YM antibody) with gelatin particles. We found that these particles reacted specifically with the tumor‐associated antigen (YM antigen) in serum samples from patients with squamous cell CA of the uterine cervix and various organs (GPA reaction).Methods:1) We performed immunohistochemical studies of the YM antigen in dysplasia and invasive squamous cell CA of the uterine cervix; 2) We measured the GPA reaction in various malignant and non‐malignant gynecologic diseases.Results:1) Immunohistochemical localization of the YM antigen was over 75% in cases of dysplasia and invasive squamous cell CA of the uterine cervix, and was 21% in normal squamous epithelium of the uterine cervix. 2) The GPA reaction in gynecologic diseases was positive in 57.1% of the dysplasia cases; in CIS cases, 69.2%; in cervical CA, 83.0%; in corpus CA, 25.0%; in leiomyoma 16.7%; and in pregnant serum samples, 66.7%. 3) GPA reactions in non‐ob‐gyn cases were positive in 68.8% of the cases of squamous cell CA of the head and neck; 66.7% in cases of squamous cell CA of the lung; and 25.0% in adenoCA of the lungs whereas the sera of patients with benign tumors and of healthy persons were free of the YM antigen.Conclusion:We concluded that this newly developed GPA‐reaction measurement is a simple and reliable serologic test for detecting the initial stage of squamous cell CA of various organs and for monitoring its postope

ISSN:1341-8076    

DOI:10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb01073.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe present a case of gestational choriocarcinoma that developed in a pregnant woman with metastases to her baby. In this case, severe anemia and hepatomegaly of the baby were noticed after delivery. Despite intensive treatments, the tumor progressed rapidly, and the baby died at the age of 38 days. Accurate diagnosis was made after autopsy. When the baby's mother visited our hospital again at 4 months postpartum, there were widespread multiple metastases to her lungs and liver. We want to emphasize that if a neonate or infant has anemia and/or hepatomegaly, it is necessary to be aware of the possibility of infantile choriocarcinoma with the presence of an occult tumor in the mother and to examine the mother's and infant's hCG levels immediately.

ISSN:1341-8076    

DOI:10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb01074.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe present a case of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that developed simultaneous intra‐ and extra‐uterine pregnancy with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) after induction of ovulation with pure FSH‐HCG. At 9 weeks of pregnancy, the bilateral tubal pregnancy caused an imminent spontaneous abortion, and both Fallopian tubes were resected. After the laparotomy, the pregnancy progressed without problems until 31 weeks and 5 days of pregnancy, when signs of spontaneous abortion appeared, and healthy twin female babies were delivered by cesarian section. The incidence of heterotopic pregnancy is increasing in cases in which inducers of ovulation or ART, such as IVF‐ET and GIFT, have been employed. One must be well aware that the danger of heterotopic pregnancy following induction of ovulation is imminent, particularly in cases with risk factors of multiple and/or extrauterine pregnancy, such as PCOS, a history of tubal restoration, and sexually transmitted dis

ISSN:1341-8076    

DOI:10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb01075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case of a Sertoli Leydig cell tumor in a young female with virilizing symptoms and an androgenic endocrine profile with raised serum alpha‐fetoprotein is presented. The tumor consisted predominantly of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal heterologous elements. Such a combination in the same tumor has to the best of our knowledge not been previously reported in English literature. The Leydig cells were immnohistochemically positive for alpha‐fetoprotein. Sertoli Leydig cell tumors should be included in the differential diagnosis of tumors with raised alpha‐fetoprotein. Chemotherapy in addition to surgery has been recommended for these t

ISSN:1341-8076    

DOI:10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb01076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY