摘要:

Abstract:An increase in the proportion of advanced malignancies among rural residents has been noted and may be due to a combination of factors, including availability of screening services, demographic characteristics, and access to health care facilities. A cross‐sectional study was conducted in 33 nonmetropolitan Iowa counties among randomly selected middle‐aged farm and rural nonfarm adults to compare utilization of cancer early detection services. A total of 1,126 adults in 600 farm households and 1,092 adults in 589 rural nonfarm households provided information through a 155‐item in‐home interview.Differences in income, age, and health insurance coverage (including preventive services) between the farm and nonfarm study populations were found. Although farm men were less likely to have had a checkup during the past year than men in the nonfarm population, no difference was found for women. Overall, differences in screening behaviors were small. Larger differences between both populations were observed for use of mammograms, prostate examinations among men age 50 and older, use of sigmoidoscopy among women age 50 and older, and skin cancer examinations among both sexes. When controlling for demographic characteristics and insurance coverage, members of the farm and rural nonfarm population were equally likely to use multiple screenings according to ACS guidelines. Because of the increased risk of breast cancer, interventions aimed at increasing utilization of mammography among women age 50 and older should be implemented. Although the farm population was more likely to use skin examinations, prevalence should be increased substantially to counteract the continuing rise in skin

ISSN:0890-765X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-0361.1996.tb00821.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Little is known about the incidence of cancer among farmworker populations or about effective strategies for communicating with farmworkers about cancer prevention. Some studies suggest that farmworkers may have unusually high incidences of skin and cervical cancers. With these two cancers as the focus, a group of interviewers, researchers, and health communication specialists set out to create, implement, and evaluate a cancer control demonstration project geared toward farmworkers. In 1994, a situation analysis was conducted to identify constraints and opportunities for providing farmworkers with cancer control information and services. The situation analysis provided valuable information to aid in developing intervention and evaluation strategies. This paper outlines how and why the situation analysis was conducted and what was learned with regard to the farmworker population on the Delmarva Peninsula. Living conditions and the local availability of cancer control services are described. Obstacles to conducting research and interventions with farmworkers are high‐lighted. Based on what was learned, recommendations are made for designing cancer control research and intervention for farmworker

ISSN:0890-765X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-0361.1996.tb00822.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:This study was conducted to identify barriers to cancer prevention and evaluate the effectiveness of a cancer prevention project to increase screening for cervical and breast cancer among Spanish‐speaking farmworkers in California's Central Valley. Bilingual health educators met with farmworker communities near Merced and Modesto, CA, to determine barriers that prevented women from seeking screening for breast and cervical cancer. Using information from focus groups and health fairs, a targeted outreach protocol was developed that will eventually enroll 2,500 farmworkers in a cancer education and screening program. Participants received a presentation in Spanish on breast and cervical cancer that included a pretest and post‐test to assess increases in knowledge. Clients were encouraged to attend Golden Valley Health Centers Inc. (GVHC) to receive free breast and cervical cancer screenings. Vouchers, redeemable for modest personal hygiene gifts by clients, were tracked to assess prevention behavior when appointments were kept at GVHC.Sixty farmworkers attended focus groups and 363 attended health fairs to provide input to the cancer prevention program. As of December 1,1995,1,732 female farmworkers were enrolled in an outreach program designed to increase knowledge and promote cancer screening. Data from pretests and post‐tests indicated a statistically significant increase in knowledge about cancer and its prevention among participants. Furthermore, 317 participants redeemed vouchers for cancer screenings at GVHC.Active community collaboration and culturally appropriate intervention strategies, employed in conjunction with clinical services, can be successful in increasing cancer prevention awareness and screenings among female farmwo

ISSN:0890-765X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-0361.1996.tb00823.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:The successful dissemination of the Cancer Control Demonstration Projects for Farmers depends not only on the effectiveness of the grants funded under this program but also on factors external to the grants. In this article, three health‐related external factors are examined: the cancers amenable to prevention and control, intervention methodologies, and the organization of rural health care. Changes between 1989 and 1996 in each of these factors and the effects of these changes on the dissemination of grantee findings to public health and medical practitioners are described. Suggestions are offered on actions that the National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health can undertake to increase the likelihood of adoption of grantee finding

ISSN:0890-765X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-0361.1996.tb00824.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0890-765X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-0361.1996.tb00825.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0890-765X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-0361.1996.tb00826.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0890-765X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-0361.1996.tb00827.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY