摘要:

The criteria and scoring method for a system to evaluate the quality of randomized control trials (RCTs) in dental research based on published reports is presented. This sytem is based on one devised for evaluation of RCTs in medicine. Items assessed in this system include randomization and blinding procedures, subject selection criteria, treatment protocols, and statistical analyses. Assessing the quality of RCTs can contribute to improved study design, implementation and reporting by investigators, and evaluation of reports by referees and editors of scientific journals.

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1986.tb01464.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twenty‐one reports of 14 randomized control trials (RCTs) published between 1968 and 1984 comparing methods of periodontal treatment were evaluated using a system to assess the quality of RCTs based on published reports. The quality assessment system evaluates the design, implementation, and analytic methods used. An index of quality is calculated with a maximum score attainable of 1.00. The mean quality score for these 14 RCTs was 0.35±0.07 (ISD). There was no evidence of improvement in scores over time. Ninety‐five percent of the trials used the 'split‐mouth’protocol. Although the results of 17 reports claimed no statistically significant differences between treatments, in no case was a type II error calculated to ensure that a sample size sufficient to detect a difference of clinical interest had been used. It is recommended that future RCTs of periodontal treatment utilize and report a standard design protocol so that results may be better compared and

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1986.tb01465.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Selective use of tetracycline HCl was studied to evaluate a potential treatment methodology. Tetracycline HCl adsorbed to dentin surfaces, binding 4.7 μg/mm2after a 5 min exposure to a 50 mg/ml tetracycline HCl solution. Desorption in a discontinuous flow assay maintained biologically active concentrations of tetracycline HCl in the fluid phase for at least 48 h. The tetracycline HCl bound, and subsequently released from dentin retained antimicrobial activity with an ID50of 3.7 μg/ml. Tetracycline HCl conditioning removed an amorphous surface layer, thereby exposing dentin with open tubules, as determined by scanning electron microscopy. These data suggest that tetracycline HCl‐treated root surfaces may act as a depot for release of active antibiotic, as well as serve as an improved substrate for connective tissue components vital to healing at the interface between hard and soft tiss

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1986.tb01466.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One objective of periodontal therapy after resolution of the infectious process is to facilitate a new connective tissue attachment to the root dentin surface. Here we report that a selective advantage for attachment and growth can be conferred on human gingival fibroblasts by biochemical manipulation of the dentin surface. Tetracycline HCL treatment of the dentin surface increases binding of fibronectin. The adsorbed fibronectin stimulates fibroblast attachment and growth, while suppressing epithelial cell attachment and growth. This biochemical manipulation may provide a useful approach for the treatment of periodontally involved teeth.

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1986.tb01467.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A variety of immunological mechanisms of the host have been implicated as contributing factors in the pathogenesis of human periodontal diseases. Studies using peripheral blood mononuclear cells have been equivocal; however, development of a technique for isolating lymphoid cells from human gingival tissues has allowed the investigation of local immune activities. This study was done to determine whether gingival lymphoid cells from subjects with no disease, gingivitis or periodontitis could produce lymphokines directly or in response to stimulation with plaque,Actinomyces viscosus or Bacteroides gingivalis.Results show that cells from non‐diseased gingiva produce very low levels of chemotactic factor (CF), leukocyte migration inhibition factor (LIF) or mitogenic factor (MF) directly or in response to the plaque or bacteria. Gingival cells from gingivitis tissues show low levels of lymphokine production when unstimulated, but this increases in response to plaque and A.viscosus.Cells from periodontitis tissues similarly show low to moderate lymphokine levels in unstimulated cultures but an increased production in response to plaque andB. gingivalis.These data suggest that gingival lymphoid cells may be sensitized, and become reactive in vivo in disease states, and that various periodontal disease states may be related to specific oral bacteri

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1986.tb01468.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to compare the reactivity of the localized immunoglobulins present in the supernatant fluids fromin vitrogingival organ cultures of rapidly progressive (RP) and adult periodontitis (AP) patients with those immunoglobulins occurring systemically in the sera of these patients. Tissue excised from periodontitis patients was diagnosed and classified as being either RP or AP and placed in the wells of a multiwell microtiter plate to which RPMI 1640 tissue culture medium was added. Supernatant fluids were harvested and fresh culture medium added to the wells at 24 h intervals. Supernatant fluids and autologous sera from RP and AP patients were tested for reactivity toBacteroides gingivalis, an organism often implicated in periodontitis, as well asB. asaccharolyticus, a non‐oral, non‐crossreacting member of the genusBacteroides, utilizing an ELISA technique. When immunoglobulins present in gingival tissue supernatant fluids were examined, it was found that mean levels reactive toB. gingivaliswere significantly greater (p<0.05) than those toB. asaccharolyticusregardless of patient group. Similarly, the AP group always exhibited significantly (p<0.05) increased antibody reactivity to B. gingivalis when compared to the RP periodontitis patients. However, when autologous sera from these patients were assayed, no significant differences were observed for immunoglobulin levels reactive toB. gingivalisorB. asaccharolyticuswhen comparing the AP and RP patient groups, or within the AP group alone. The results indicate that differences exist in the localized immunological responses of RP and AP patients to the periodontopathogenB. gingivalisthat are not necessarily reflected in the systemic serum antibody responses of these patie

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1986.tb01469.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Antibody levels towards sonicated whole cell extracts of selected oral Gram negative bacteria andActinomyces viscosuswere determined in sera from patients with various inflammatory forms of periodontal disease and from healthy control individuals. Antibody titres to two (non‐leukotoxin producing) strains ofActinobacillus actinomycetemcomitanswere significantly elevated in patients with juvenile periodontitis. Adult patients with severe periodontitis had significantly lower IgG antibody titres toVeillonella parvula(p<0.001) orA. actinomycetemco‐mitansstrain NCTC 9710 (p<0.01) and patients with mild periodontitis had decreased IgM antibody titres toA. actinomycetemcomitansstrain NCTC 10979 (p<0.05) when compared with the control subjects. Young adults with severe periodontitis showed marked individual differences in their humoral responses. Analysis of data revealed that only patients with a history of juvenile periodontitis had elevated IgG antibody titres toBacteroides gingivalis(p<0.001) and toV. parvula(p<0.01). Hence the profiles of antibody levels to oral microorganisms identified patients who had previously manifested classical “localised” juvenile period

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1986.tb01470.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on subgingival plaque of a simplified oral hygiene regime consisting of instruction in Bass brushing without stress on interdental cleaning, scaling and root planing, in combination with subgingival pulsated jet irrigation with dilute solutions of chlorhexidine, metronidazole or placebos. Twenty‐five patients, 14 women and 11 men, each with periodontal pockets ≥ 4 mm, participated in a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study. The patients were assigned to 4 groups: 2 test groups (0.02% chlorhexidine and 0.05% metronidazole) and 2 placebo groups (0.01% quinine sulphate and 0.09% sodium chloride). Subgingival plaque samples were obtained from at least 4 sites in each subject on days 0 (prior to scaling and root planing), 7, 28, 56 and 84. Subgingival irrigation was terminated on d 28. Darkfield microscopy was used to assess the effects of treatment on the subgingival microflora by observing 4 morphologic groups: cocci, motile organisms, spirochetes and others (i.e. non‐motile rods and filaments). All the groups showed marked beneficial changes at the end of the 28‐d irrigation period, with increases in cocci and decreases in motile forms and spirochetes to less than baseline values. These beneficial effects were maintained for at least 8 weeks after irrigation was stopped. Metronidazole was more effective in reducing motile forms, but the reduction was not significant at d 84. It was concluded that pulsating monojet subgingival irrigation as part of a simplified oral hygiene program, with or without an active antimicrobial agent at low concentration, is effective in reducing the motile and spirochete portions of the subgingival microflora. These effects might be enhanced and prolonged if suitable antimicrobial solutions of higher concentratio

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1986.tb01471.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A reduction in epithelial cell Fibronectin associated with elevated salivary protease activity is thought to account for the enhanced adhesion and colonization of gram‐negative bacilli in seriously ill patients. Enzymes capable of degrading Fibronectin were therefore sought in whole human saliva. When plasma fibronectin was labeled with3H‐formaldehyde and incubated with whole saliva, trichloracetic acid‐soluble radiolabeled peptides were produced. Competition experiments indicated that the radiolabeling did not alter the susceptiblity of the Fibronectin to the salivary proteases. Whole saliva also possessed hide powder‐degrading activity, but parotid or submaxillary secretions did not contain detectable levels of either activity. The levels of fibronectin‐ and hide powder‐degrading activities in whole saliva correlated with the state of oral cleanliness of the individuals studied, as reflected by the cellular elements present in their saliva. Also, strains of certain bacteria prominent in dental plaque produced enzymes which degraded fibronectin. Therefore. alterations in oral cleanliness may contribute to the rapid fluctuations in salivary proteases and epithelial cell fibronectin which underly the unusual susceptiblity of acutely‐ill patients to colonization by gram‐n

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1986.tb01472.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Pool expansion ‐ a method for measuring in vivo collagen production that involves injection of excess unlabeled proline along with [3H]proline ‐ was used to calculate the values for collagen half‐life in rat: incisor and molar periodontal ligament, molar gingiva and palatal mucosa. Collagen in most periodontal tissues (except for incisor gingiva) turns over more rapidly than skin collagen. The results reaffirm the concept that collagen in most periodontal tissues turns over with unusual rap

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1986.tb01473.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY