摘要:

Relatively few studies have assessed the diagnostic reproducibility of periodontal indices. In the present investigation, the changes in Gingival Index and Plaque Index scores were measured by carrying out 203 duplicate examinations on 11–13 year old children.Reproducibility of diagnosis was assessed by applying the paired t test and the coefficient of linear correlation. There was no significant difference between the mean G.I. scores on first and second examinations both within and between examiners. High correlation coefficients of +0·81, +0·84 and +0·79 indicated that the ranking order of subjects was very similar on both occasions. However, the mean Pl.I. scores were significantly lower on the second examination compared with the first occasions for both participating examiners, although the correlations between first and second Pl.I. scores were comparable to those calculated for the G.I. data. In general the results indicated that PI. I. scores cannot be reproduced within a six‐hour period, but the ranting order of the subjects can be main

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00117.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Using a modification of the Ramfjord procedure, 939 individuals aged 14 years or above of six racial groups were examined for periodontal disease to study the effects of genetic and epidemiologic factors with special emphasis on inbreeding and race. Other factors studied included sex, age, years of education, frequency of toothbrushing, smoking, tooth malalignment, and medical history.Among six racial groups, two distinct clusters were discernible even when relevant concomitant variables including years of education and oral hygiene practice were adjusted for. Caucasians, Japanese, and ≪Others≫ had clearly higher levels of periodontal health status than Hawaiians or part‐Hawaiians, Samoans, and Filipinos. The difference in Samoans and Filipinos may be explained in part by cultural and socioeconomic factors associated with their recent immigration to Hawaii. Inbreeding was not related to any indicator of periodontal disease showing inconsistency with the hypothesis of significant role of recessive genes in the etiology of the disease.Smoking was found to have adverse effect on periodontal health status, whereas no clear‐cut association was noted with tooth malalignment. The principal component analysis on eight periodontal disease variables led to the extraction of two major factors, destructive periodontal disease and plaque accum

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00118.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a study on 120 subjects (60 males and 60 females) between the ages of 12 and 69 years, it was found that the relationship between gingival inflammation and crevicular fluid flow was not affected by age or sex. Because of their relationship to gingival disease, the effect of age and sex on crevicular pH, urea content, and concentration and crevice depth were also examined. Whereas, aging had no significant effect, sex may have had a slight effect since males exhibited slightly deeper pockets and a higher crevicular pH at most levels of inflammation. However, this may be due to poorer home care in males. The results have confirmed the inflammation‐crevicular fluid relationship in a large number of adults of both sexes and add support for the use of crevicular fluid flow measurements as an objective technique for monitoring gingival inflammatio

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00119.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Experimental gingivitis was induced and monitored in young and elderly subjects. After 9 days of oral hygiene abstention, a gingival biopsy was obtained from the labial surface of the lower right cuspid. The distribution of lymphocytes within the crevicular epithelium was assessed, and the ultrastructural morphology of the lymphocytes was studied. From day 0 to day 9 the increase in gingival inflammation (Gingival Index) was greater in elderly than in young subjects. The number of lymphocytes per 100 epithelial cells was greater within the crevicular epithelium of elderly subjects. However, this difference was not statistically significant. The ratio of lymphocytes was significantly higher in the coronal than in the apical portion of the epithelium in both age groups. On an ultrastructural level two types of interepithelial lymphocytes, inactive and intermediate, were recognized. The intermediate cell types displayed morphological characteristics typical of cells responding to antigen stimulation.

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00120.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An early stage of plaque‐associated inflammatory periodontal disease in humans and in some animals exhibits features characteristic of a delayed hypersensitivity reaction. This lesion appears about one week following the beginning of plaque accumulation and it precedes the formation of a plasma cell infiltrate. The experiments described were direct toward learning whether or not cell‐mediated hypersensitivity is a significant component of the early stage of the disease. Fisher 344 rats and Rhesus monkeys were sensitized using dinitrofluorobenzene and challenged subsequently at the gingival sulcus. Lesions exhibiting features characteristic of the early plaque‐induced lesion appeared in both species within 48 to 72 hours following challenge. These features included vasculitis, a dense mononuclear cell infiltrate and destruction of connective tissue constituents. The lesion did not appear in challenged non‐sensitized control animals. In order to learn whether cell mediated or humoral hypersensitivity was responsible for the lesion, transfer experiments were done in rats. Typical lesions were induced by challenge of non‐sensitized animals previously given an intraperitoneal injection of 5 X 107spleen cells from sensitized animals, but lesions could not be induced in animals given serum from sensit

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00121.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Intraoral use of freeze‐dried skin (EDS) allografts and xenografts has raised questions concerning host immunologic response to these transplanted tissues. Separate groups of outbred guinea pigs were sensitized with suspensions of xenogeneic (human) FDS (XFDS) or allogeneic FDS (AFDS). Intradermal challenge with saline, appropriate FDS suspension, and intact sections of the appropriate FDS was performed. Findings at 24 and 48 hours post‐challenge demonstrated positive skin reactions to the XFDS materials and an absence of any reaction to the AFDS materials. Positive (Freund's complete adjuvant) and negative (saline) controls were similarly tested and yielded expected results.In vitrofindings using serological and migration inhibitory factor assays paralleled those of the skin tests. The results of this study indicate that allogeneic FDS grafts do not produce detectable host sensitivity and appear to be immunologically preferable to xenogeneic FDS grafts for intraoral

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00122.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to follow the time sequence of events in the reformation of the attachment complex between epithelium and lamina propria of oral mucosa following incisional wounding. An incisional wound of minimal depth was made along the dorsal surface of rat tongue. From nine groups of animals, tissue specimens were collected from 0 through 96 hours and processed routinely for electron microscopy.The formation of the attachment complex was followed in relation to the epithelial cells migrating across the wound space. The earliest discernable changes denoting initiation of reattachment were preceded by a short period of direct contact between epithelial plasma membrane and fibrin. Attachment did not occur in epithelial cells not bordering on fibrin, suggesting that in the system studied such contact is a prerequisite for reattachment. The ultrastructural components of the attachment complex appeared in an orderly chronologic and spatial sequence, with the additional components appearing as time elapsed between the arrival of the cell in its new location and the collection of the tissue specimen.

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twelve young BNL mice received a “gingivectomy” excising the gingival papilla mesial to the left maxillary first molar. Twelve additional young mice served as uninjured controls. One hour prior to sacrifice, each animal received a subcutaneous injection of 1 μCi H3‐TDR per gm body weight. Animals were sacrificed 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after injury. At time of sacrifice, maxillae, femora, and a portion of abdominal skin were obtained from each animal for histologic and autoradiographic analysis.In most tissues analyzed, the gingivectomy led to a significant reduction in labeling indices at tissue sites distant from the gingivectomy. This effect was short‐lived, however, and could not be noted at time periods later than two days post‐injury. Since such distal effects are of short duration, it is questionable whether they would affect therapeutic sequences currently used in periodontal

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY