摘要:

In earlier studies it was shown that the distance from the cemento‐enamel junction to the mucogingival junction, i.e. the anatomical width of fibrously attached gingiva, increases significantly from 23 to 43 years of age. The aim of the present study was to examine whether alveolar growth continues to result in an increase in this dimension after the age of 43. In a total of 21 males aged 65.7 ± 9.1 years and 21 females aged 64.5 ± 6.1 years, with an average of 23 occluding teeth, the mucogingival junction was marked with short pieces of metal wire. Orthopantomograms were then taken and the distances measured from the mucogingival junction to the cemento‐enamel junction and to the orthopantomographic projection of the bottom of the nasal cavity in the maxilla and from the mucogingival junction to the cementoenamel junction and to the lower border of the jaw in the mandible. The measurements were taken along the long axis of each occluding tooth. The bilaterally pooled results indicated that alveolar growth continues to increase the distance between the cemento‐enamel junction and the mucogingival junction in both males and females from age 43 to 65 years. However, the growth was slower during this period than from age 23 to 43 years. The distance from the mandibular border to the mucogingival junction of the same jaw did not change from 23 to 65 years of age. In the maxilla, an increase in the distance from the floor of the nasal cavity to the mucogingival junction was indicative of a continuous growth through adult age of the basal bone in the male but not in the female

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1981.tb00997.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Short incubations, at 37°C, of small freshly excised pieces of healthy human gingivae iancorporated [35S]‐sulphate and [3H]‐acetate into macromolecular material which could be precipitated intercellularly in the epithelium. Following radioactively pulse‐chased incubations, such localization was observed by autoradiography on cryostat histological sections fixed in cetylpyridinium chloride. Critical electrolyte salt concentration elution indicated that most of the intercellular material was soluble in 0.63M‐MgCl2, and any material which remained was intracellular. In vitro and in vivo incorporation studies were compared. These data corroborate biochemical studies (Wiebkin, Bartold&Thonard 1979) together with other histochemical observations that proteoglycans (mucopolysaccharides) are a major intercellular component of human gingival epithelium. Molecular conformation and the relatively rapid synthesis and secretion rate for this class of epithelial macromolecule may explain the lack of susceptibility of this material in the intercellular site, both to degradation by some specific enzymes previously reported and to elution with critical salt concentrations from cationic detergent precipitates.The method described, together with in vivo incorporation studies, provides a useful technique for studying direct effects of some microenvironmental influences on gingival ep

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1981.tb00998.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It has previously been difficult to examine the nature of the attachment between tissues and metal implants. To resolve this problem, a technique has been developed in which oral epithelial cells are grown on very thin films of titanium on epoxy resin. Discs of epon/araldite were formed by polymerizing the liquid resin in 60 mm tissue culture dishes. Discs were then placed in a vacuum deposition chamber and titanium wire vaporized onto the surface to a final thickness of about 300Å. Discs were cleaned in acetone and 70 % alcohol before being placed in plastic culture dishes and plated with epithelial cells cultured from porcine periodontal ligament in MEM plus 15 % calf serum and antibiotics for fourteen days. Cultures were fixedin situin 2.5 % glutaraldehyde, post‐fixed in OsO4and epon/ araldite polymerized on the surface of the discs. Thin sections were cut perpendicular to the surface and examined in the electron microscope. Results show that the epithelial cells attach to the titanium surface by means of basal lamina and hemidesmosomes, in much the same manner in which the epithelial attachment is applied to the surface of a too

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1981.tb00999.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An analysis of the age and lag phase factor in human bone healing has been conducted utilizing histological and histochemical techniques, based on an effective number of sixtyfive biopses from subjects screened to eliminate medical disorders or nutritional deficiencies that might have interferred with normal healing. The time required for most active regeneration appeared to depend on the subject's age: a mean of approximately 10 days for subjects in the second decade of life and a mean of approximately 20 days for individuals in the sixth decade or older. It is postulated on the basis of this study and from interpolation from previous, preliminary studies in the rat, that it would be more advantageous to transplant marrow at its most actively regenerating stage rather than at its maturity and that the most actively regenerating time period depends on the age of the individual.

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1981.tb01000.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic subclinical ascorbic acid deficiency on periodontal health in a nonhuman primate model. Young adultMacaca fascicularismonkeys were fed an ascorbic acid free diet for nine weeks followed by a diet with a suboptimal level of ascorbic acid for an additional sixteen weeks. During the 25‐week period, a pair fed control group was fed a nutritionally adequate diet in amounts equivalent to that consumed by the experimental group. From the second week onward, whole blood ascorbic acid levels in the experimental animals but not in pair fed controls were significantly reduced. Experimental animals did not develop clinical signs of ascorbate deficiency, and there was little evidence of spontaneous gingivitis or periodontitis in either group between weeks 0 and 23. At week 23, plaque‐associated periodontitis was experimentally induced to evaluate the response of the periodontal tissues to the underlying subclinical ascorbate deficiency. Gingival index scores and pocket depth measurements were significantly greater in the ascorbate deficient animals than in controls. Preliminary studies of leukocyte function suggested that this susceptibility to periodontitis might be related to impaired polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis and phagocytosis. This study indicates that the periodontium is vulnerable to chronic inflammation as a consequence of subclinical ascorbic acid deficie

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1981.tb01001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Porcine gingival explants maintained in culture produced collagenase and non‐specific gelatinase. These enzymes were detected in both latent and active forms in explant culture medium. The latent enzymes could be activated by limited proteolysis with trypsin or by treatment with organomercurials (4‐hydroxy mercuribenzoate, PCMB and 4‐aminophenylmercuric acetate, APMA). The explants also produced protein capable of inhibiting the collagenase and non‐specific gelatinase activities. Treatment of inhibitor with trypsin or organomercurials under latent enzyme activation conditions blocked the inhibitory activity against both enzymes suggesting that the latent enzymes are enzyme‐inhibitor complexes. A specific gelatinase was also detected in the culture medium in an active form which was not inhibited by other macromolecules in the medium. The addition of endotoxin (30 μg/ml) to the gingival explant medium increased the synthesis of the collagenase and non‐specific gelatinase activities but had no apparent effect on the production of the inhibitor activity nor the specific gelatin

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1981.tb01002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of two years daily oral use of chlorhexidine (Löe et al. 1976) on the distribution of different streptococcal types in dental plaque. Plaque samples were collected from the molars in 16 persons in the chlorhexi dine group and from 17 control persons having used placebo solution. The samples were homogenized in yeast extract, and dilutions plated on mitis salivarius agar incubated micro aerophilically for 24 hours followed by aerobic storage at room temperature for 24 hours.Colonies of each morphological type present were counted on plates having 30–300 colonies and their number related to the total number. One colony of each type was isolated and identified by biochemical tests. The study showed that 84.8 % of the strains could be classified asS. mutans, S. sanguis, S. mitior, S. milleri, S. salivarius, a group intermediary toS. sanguisandS. mitior, and a group resemblingS. milleri, using only five biochemical tests: production of extracellular polysaccharide from sucrose, fermentation of mannitol, raffinose and inulin, and hydrolysis of esculin. In the chlorhexidine group the prevalences ofS. sanguisand the group of streptococci intermediary toS. sanguisandS. mitiorwere higher, and the prevalence ofS. milleriplus streptococci resemblingS. millerilower, among the streptococcal flora in dental plaque than those observed in the control gro

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1981.tb01003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seventeen adult beagle dogs with moderate to severe periodontitis were examined at time zero and after a 6 month pretreatment period for plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, and rate of alveolar bone loss. The dogs were then divided into three groups. One group was the untreated controls, one group received tetracycline HCl 250 mg daily, and one group received tetracycline HCl 500 mg daily. Plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, and rate of alveolar bone loss in each group over a 12 month treatment period was compared to the pretreatment baseline values in each group.There was no significant difference in either the mean plaque accumulation or gingival inflammation over the 12 month treatment period in the untreated control dogs or the tetracycline treated dogs. The untreated control dogs lost alveolar bone in the treatment period at a rate similar to the pretreatment period. In the dogs treated with 250 and with 500 mg tetracycline HCl there was a statistically significant decrease in the rate of alveolar bone loss in the treatment period when compared to the pretreatment period.The findings suggest that daily tetracycline in either a 250 or 500 mg dose does not affect accumulation of bacterial plaque or severity of gingival inflammation in the beagle dogs studied. Tetracycline administration does significantly decrease the rate of alveolar bone loss in the treated animals for a 12 month period. An additional report will detail the subsequent 12 months of treatment in which tetracycline loses its ability to reduce the rate of alveolar bone loss.

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1981.tb01004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The flora of periodontal pockets<6 mm and the rate of alveolar bone loss of one diseased site in each of eighteen adult beagle dogs were compared during a 6 month pretreatment period and a subsequent 12 month tetracycline treatment period. The dogs were divided into the following three groups and treated as follows: untreated controls (5), 250 mg tetracycline daily (5), and 500 mg tetracycline daily (7). An attempt was made to correlate the flora in deep periodontal pockets and the subsequent rate of alveolar bone loss in untreated control beagles and beagles treated with tetracycline (250 mg per day and 500 mg per day). The bacterial flora and the rate of bone loss of one site in each dog was compared during a six‐month pretreatment period and a subsequent twelve‐month tetracycline treatment period. The cultivable flora was classified according to cellular morphology. Gram stain, and atmospheric tolerance.The periodontal pocket flora was predominantly a Gram negative anaerobic flora at all time periods throughout the study. The flora of the untreated control dogs spontaneously shifted to a more Gram negative flora at 18 months of the study. In the treated dogs, after six months of tetracycline treatment, there was a significant shift to a more Gram negative flora which returned to baseline proportions after twelve months of treatment. A decrease in the numbers of bacteria sensitivein vitroto tetracycline was found in the course of the treatment period. No significant relationship was found between the cultivable flora of a specific site and the rate of alveolar bone loss for that site.The data suggest that in advanced periodontal disease in the beagle dogs studied a Gram negative anaerobic flora was predominantly cultivated. Broad groupings of bacteria cultivated from each site did not correlate with the rate of alveolar bone loss of each s

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1981.tb01005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1981.tb01006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY