摘要:

By way of degranulation, the mast cells release a number of biologically active substances into the connective tissue. The present study is concerned with the relation of the gingival mast cells to the pathogenesis of gingivitis. Following fixation in Newcomer's fluid and non‐aqueous staining at pH 0.5 in acridine orange1, topographically defined zones of sections of normal and inflamed marginal gingiva, histologically classified with regard to degree of inflammation, of 56 different individuals have been studied in the fluorescence microscope. The human gingiva was found to be comparatively rich in mast cells. Three main morphological variants were observed and their topographical distribution within the tissue have been described. Marked differences in stainability between mast cells of different areas of the connective tissue have been recorded, and correlated to the state of inflammation, In spite of individual variations in mast cell density, definite patterns of frequency and distribution were observed. The number of mast cells appeared inversely correlated to the density and distribution of the inflammatory cellular exudate within the pocket area of the connective tissue. Consequently, normal gingivae generally contained more mast cells per tissue unit than the moderately inflamed tissue, which, in turn, contained more than the severely inflamed gingivae. Exceptions were found in some moderately inflamed, fibrous gingiva with evidence of strong fibroblastic activity, where there was an increased number of mast cells. On basis of the distribution, frequency and stainability of the mast cells of the gingiva, it is suggested that the mast cells of the regions adjacent to the tooth are subject to an enzymatic degranulation as elicited by products elaborated by the gingival bacterial plaque or possibly by local antigen‐antibody interactions. Substances released by degranulation may then act as mediators during the course of the inflammatory process as well as contribute to the local resistance against inj

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1967.tb01877.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Oxytalan fibres in hyperplastic gingival papillae from 12 young epileptics who had been treated with sodium diphenyl‐hydantoin were studied with modifications of Fullmer and Lillie's (1958) and Löe and Nuki's (1964) staining methods. These fibres were compared with the fibres in clinically normal gin‐givac and in tissue from fibrous epulides.Fibres reacting with peracetic acid‐aldehyde fuchsin (i.e. oxytalan fibres) were present throughout the connective tissue and were especially numerous near the surface epithelium and in areas of inflammatory infiltration. The oxytalan fibres were especially prominent along the junction with epithelium, between the rete pegs and in the deeper connective tissue near bone where they tended to be arranged in large parallel bundles. In cases of fibrous epulis, however, there were very few oxytalan fibres in the connective tissue adjacent to the surface epithelium.It is concluded that the connective tissue performs an important supportive function to the epithelium in gingival hyperplasia, and is of special importance in the genesis of gingival hyperplasia in patients under treatment with sodium diphenyl‐h

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1967.tb01878.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Collagen biosynthesis, as measured by conversion of 3‐43H‐proline to3H‐hydroxyproline, was studied in guinea pig oral tissue and skin during normal growth, ascorbic acid depletion and following administration of ascorbic acid to scorbutic animals. Collagen breakdown in oral and skin tissue of normal animals was determined by measuring the depletion of14C‐hydroxyproline over a seven month period of time. Oral collagen demonstrated a high level of metabolic activity, thus providing biochemical support to the histo‐pathological concept that periodontal tissues exist in a state of continuous wound healing a

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1967.tb01879.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Toxic doses of vitamin D2(5 × 100000 U) were administered to lathyritic rats which received aminoacetonitrile in drinking water for 15 days. The peridontal membrane (PDM) of the molars was examined both histologically and biochemically. The PDM collagen of the lathyritic animals could be extracted with cold 0.15 M NaCI, whereas that of the normal controls, or of the animals which received either the vitamin alone or both the lathyrogen and the vitamin was not extractable. Ossification of the PDM and supraalveolar connective tissue was apparent in the lathyritic group which received toxic doses of the vitamin but not in either lathyrism or hypervitaminosis alone. It is concluded that whereas the release of calcium from bone or the increased absorption of the mineral from the intestine is affected by vitamin D, its deposition in the soft connective tissues may depend on the nature of the protein matrix

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1967.tb01880.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This investigation was undertaken during the tenure of a Research Fellowship in the Institute of Dental Surgery, University of London, and a Leverhulme Research Fellowship in the Department of Dental Science, Royal College of Surgeons of England. Some of the findings were included in a Thesis submitted to the University of London for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy.One hundred and fifty biopsies of human gingiva, removed randomly from patients undergoing gingivectomy, were examined in the light microscope. Cold microtome and paraffin sections were prepared. Eosin, Mallory's PTAH, acid solochrome cyanine and chlorantine fast red, the Gomori aldehyde fuchsin, resorcin fuchsin and orcein methods for elastic fibres, and silver impregnation were used to colour collagen fibres; fibrin was stained by the DMAB method, and mucosubstances by the paS, DMPD, alcian blue and the aldehyde fuchsin methods. All the interdental gingival septa exhibited an ulcerated col. The intercellular substance of the connective tissue was not separated in cold microtome sections, as in paraffin sections, and probably more faithfully reflected the state of the tissuein vivo. However, cell detail in paraffin sections was clearer than in cold microtome sections. The collagen fibres in inflamed connective tissue were found to disintegrate and to lose their affinity for stains with which they usually react, but were not coloured by stains for elastic fibres during the process, nor by the DMAB method. The distribution of neutral and acid mucosubstances was found to overlap in healthy connective tissue. Neutral mucosubstances became less reactive in inflamed areas, but the reactivity of acidic mucopolysaccharides, which could also be demonstrated by two of the three stains used for elastic fibres, increased at the periphery of these areas, and was thought to be associated with fibrogenesis.

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1967.tb01881.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Collagen formation and the sulfation of protein‐polysaccharides in the organic matrix of bone and dentin was studied in young, magnesium‐deficient rats of the Long‐Evans strain. Autoradiography was employed to assess the incorporation of tritiated proline into collagen, and35S sulfate was utilized to study the sulfation of protein‐polysaccharides. Our observations on the uptake of these radioactive precursors indicate that a deficiency of magnesium interferes both with collagen formation and the sulfation of glycosaminoglycuronoglycans in the organic matrices of bone and dentin. Alkaline phosphatase activity, determined in serum samples and observed histochemically in calcifying tissues, was depressed in the magnesium‐deficient animals as compared with controls. The localization of alkaline phosphatase activity in bone and dentin forming tissues from experimental rats was found to be similar to that of the controls, but the intensity of the staining reaction was reduced in the tissues from the magnesium‐deficient animals. Suppression of enzyme systems known to be activated by magnesium and related to protein and protein‐polysaccharide biosynthesis would, in part, explain the results of th

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1967.tb01882.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Among 7,650 patients who attended the oral surgery clinic in the Royal Victoria Hospital, Bathurst, Gambia, between February 1964 and March 1965, were 50 young children between the ages of 1 to 6 years who suffered from acute oral necrotizing diseases.These disease processes started with necrosis and ulceration of interdental papillae and often continued to the most severe stage of fulminating necrosis, frequently associated with death. The disease intensity was inversely related to the child's age.A search for oral factors contributing to this condition was made in a survey of the entire child population of 4 Gambian villages. 361 children, 1 week to 5 1/2 years old were examined. Poor oral hygiene and gingivitis were found to be common in these children. Food debris in various amounts were found in 71 per cent of the children over 18 months of age. Periodontal diseases were already found in 9 per cent of the 18 month‐old children. In the 3 to 4 year age group, 61 per cent of the children suffered from periodontal diseases which often were of a chronic nature. Bacterial smears showed a high incidence of Vincent's organisms.Systemic factors apparently predisposing to the acute oral necrosis were improper nutrition, debilitation and lowered resistance brought about by endemic infectious disease

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1967.tb01883.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A trial is described during which the pain experienced by 200 patients who had undergone periodonta! surgery is examined. Pain was experienced by 73.5 % of patients and was severe in 21.0%. A greater proportion of patients who had undergone complicated surgery experienced pain than those who had undergone simple surgery. A prediction of the degree of pain forecast by the surgeon was correct in only 47.5 % of cases. Many patients were prepared to accept pain rather than to take analgesics when they had not been specifically recommended to do so. Women who had pain were much more likely than men to take analgesics. Analgesics of the patients’ own choice were effective. The use of analgesics following periodontal surgery is recommende

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1967.tb01884.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1967.tb01885.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY