摘要:

The effects of various prostaglandins (PGs) on the functions of human gingival fibroblasts (Gin‐1 cells; ATCC CRL 1292) were examined by phase‐contrast microscopy, cell‐counting and radioautographic experiments. Tested PGs were PGA1, PGA2, PGB1, PGB2, PGD2, PGE1, PGE2, PGF1α, PGF2α, PGI2, 6‐keto‐PGF1α, 9α‐11α‐methanoepoxy‐PGF2α, and thromboxane (TX) B2. PGA1, and PGD2at 30 μM caused morphological deformation of Gin‐1 cells. All the PGs tested at 30 μM suppressed the proliferation of Gin‐1 cells in the logarithmic growth phase. Furthermore, all the PGs tested at 10 μM suppressed DNA synthesis, collagen synthesis, and noncollagenous protein synthesis in confluent Gin‐1 cells, while exerting no effect on GAG synthesis. The concentrations of PGs used are beyond those found in healthy gingiva. However, in periodontitis the local concentrations of some PGs within the gingiva are expected to be extremely elevated beyond the physiological level. These results suggest that PGs may play an important role as a negative regulator in metabolism and some pathologic gingival conditions by suppressing the fun

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01280.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe aim of this investigation was to determine whether gingival fibroblast progenitor cells undergo division and whether there is evidence of migration of their progeny from the paravascular sites within the interdental gingival septum (IGS). 30 male hooded Lister rats aged 6 weeks, were killed in groups of ten, 3, 75 and 171 h after a single injection of tritiated thymidine. Autoradiographs were examined of transverse Historesin sections of the papilla between second and third mandibular molars in 29 specimens, taken from equidistant intervals between the col and alveolar bone crest. Median grain counts in the whole papilla were greatest within 10 μm of blood vessels at 3 h (p<0.02) and decreased throughout the papilla with time (p<0.0001). The median grain counts at level 5, nearest the periodontal ligament, were greatest at all times (p<0.01). The distance of labelled nuclei from blood vessel walls increased with time, most notably at level 5 (p<0.001). The mean Clustering Index increased (p<0.01) from 4.6% at 3 h to 12.3% and 11.6% at 75 h and 171 h respectively. At 75 h, the median grain count of clustered nuclei was smaller (p<0.01) than that of non‐clustered nuclei. These data are consistent with the occurrence of clonal division and migration within the IGS and the presence of a slowly cycling cell population near to the periodontal ligame

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01281.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe efficacy of oral hygiene agents in preventing the accumulation of plaque from a zero baseline is conveniently evaluated in the 4‐day plaque regrowth model. In many studies a panel of volunteers has been used to compare several agents according to a highly efficient Latin square based crossover design. Often chlorhexidine gluconate is included as a positive control; there is concern that the effect of this potent agent might persist for longer than the 3‐day washout period often employed. To test this hypothesis of residual effect, we put together the evidence relating to possible carryover from 12 studies. The residual effect of chlorhexidine differs from that of an inert rinse such as saline or water. Consequently, a longer washout period, such as 10 days, is preferable. Studies omitting chlorhexidine are worth considering. Designs should be balanced for residual effects, at least from the preceding treatment period; several useful designs with this property are presen

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01282.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe subgingival microflora of adult periodontitis was studied in 8 adults (36–47 years) and compared with that of 10 periodontally healthy individuals (36–43 years). A total of 64 periodontal lesions were examined, and classified according to the attachment level in three categories: attachment loss>6 mm, attachment loss 4–6 mm and attachment loss<4 mm. Also for comparative purposes 20 gingival sulci were evaluated. Samples were taken using three standardized paper points and were incubated anaerobically in selective and non‐selective media. The results showed a statistically significant association ofCapnocytophaga gingivalisandCapnocytophaga sputigenawith moderate periodontal lesions, whileHaemophilus segnishas been correlated to severe periodontal lesions. We concluded thatC. gingivalis, C. sputigena and H. segnismight be potentially conducive to periodontal deterioration in adult period

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01283.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryLocalization ofPorphyromonas gingivalisandTreponema denticolain different areas of subgingival plaque from advanced adult periodontitis patients was studied immunohistochemically using sensitive immunogold‐silver staining and immunoelectron microscopy. Fourteen periodontally diseased teeth were extracted without damaging the subgingival plaque, fixed, and embedded. The subgingival plaque samples were sectioned according to four different pocket depths (0–2 mm, 2–4 mm, 4–6 mm and ≤6 mm). Serial thin sections were stained using specific antisera toP. gingivalis or T. denticolaand then with secondary antibody labelled with colloidal‐gold. Cells of bothP. gingivalisandT. denticolawere predominantly found in subgingival plaque located at depths of more than 4 mm in periodontal pockets.T. denticola cellswere found in the surface layers of subgingival plaque, andP. gingivaliswere predominant beneath them. However, in the deeper subgingival plaque, the coexistence ofP. gingivalisandT. denticolawas observed. The present findings suggest thatP. gingivalisandT. denticolaplay important roles in the pathogenicity of periodontal disease and provide the useful information for elucidating the pattern of colonization of microorganisms in the periodo

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01284.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe purpose of the present study was to compare direct light microscopy using a silver stain, with dark field microscopy for differential counting of subgingival plaque samples from patients with periodontitis. The feasibility of using the staining method was assessed on subgingival plaque samples which were collected at 34 sites from patients with untreated adult periodontitis. Differential counts of plaque morphotypes assessed by both methods showed close agreement. The proportions of spirochaetes assessed by both methods were significantly associated with probing depth. The silver stain proved a simple, rapid and inexpensive method for differential counting of plaque composition. This method is suitable for possible use in general dental practice where smears could be made at the chair‐side and allowed to dry ready for staining and counting at the dentist's convenience using a simple light microscope. A permanent record is also produced which could allow for comparison of samples from before and after treatment and could be used as an aid to patient motivation in suitable case

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01285.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe continuous growth of the rat incisor is associated with renovation of the junctional epithelium and resorption of the periodontal ligament. The circumdental papilla separates the connective tissue suffering resorption from the rest of the gingiva. Laminin and collagen IV were detected by the immunoperoxidase technique on the basement membrane of all regions of the gingival epithelium of the rat incisor, except the internal basal lamina and the internal surface of the circumdental papilla. The internal basal lamina is formed by a granular electron‐dense material, without the organization of a typical basal lamina. Areas of the internal surface of the circumdental papilla, negative for laminin and collagen IV, lack the basal lamina. These data suggest that these molecules are not components of the dento‐epithelial junction of the distal surface of the rat incisor. In addition, the basal lamina is absent or fragmented on the internal surface of the circumdental papilla, adjacent to the areas of the connective tissue undergoing resorpt

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01286.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySevere forms of periodontal disease are frequent in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Linear gingival erythema (LGE) is a progressive disease described in HIV‐positive patients and is considered to be an early stage of necrotizing periodontitis. Although clinical and microbiological differences are reported in LGE and non‐specific gingivitis (NSG), a comparative immunopathological approach of both has not been performed yet. The purpose of this study was to compare relative populations of T‐lymphocytes, B‐lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages and IgG bearing plasma cells in gingival biopsies from sites exhibiting LGE and from sites exhibiting NSG. A biotin‐streptavidin amplified system was used for identification of the following antigens: CD3 (T‐lymphocytes), CD20 (B‐lymphocytes), elastase (neutrophils), CD68 (macrophages) and IgG (plasma cell's secretors of IgG). The results have demonstrated decrease proportions of T‐lymphocytes, macrophages and high percentage of neutrophils and IgG bearing plasma cells in LGE. In contrast with NSG, many neutrophils cells in LGE were found inside oral gingival epithelium. Our results highlight the idea that progressive periodontal disease is not only characterized by increased tissue inflammation, but, in addition, by significant changes in the proportion of specific inflammatory cells. The high number of neutrophils along the gingival epithelium is probably associated with the severe gingival necrosis reported i

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01287.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA specific cementum attachment protein (CAP) was identified in human cementum and found to bind with high affinity to non‐demineralized root surfaces, hydroxyapatite and fibronectin. Attempting to elucidate the biological function of this protein and its possible role in cementogenesis the capacity of CAP to promote selective cell migration towards and attachment of various periodontal derived cell populations to root surfaces invitrowas assessed. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF), periodontal ligament cells (HPC), and alveolar bone cells (HABC) were labeled with [3H]Thymidine during their exponential growth phase. Root slices, 300 μm thick, were incubated with increasing concentrations of CAR Untreated and fibronectin (FN) treated root slices served as negative and positive controls, respectively. Migration was assessed by placing root slices on confluent layers of labeled cells maintained in serum free medium and determining the number of cells migrated onto the root surface 3 days thereafter. Attachment was assessed by incubating root slices with labeled cell suspensions for 2 h and determining the number of attached cells. CAP promoted both cell migration and attachment dose dependently. HABC responded better than HPC and HGF to CAP treated root slices, and HPC response was higher than that of HGF. Cell attachment was dose dependently inhibited by synthetic RGD pep‐tides. FN did not affect the migration of HGF, barely enhanced that of HABC, and was less potent than CAP at enhancing the migration of HPC. FN was more effective than CAP in promoting the attachment of HGF to root slices, but it was as potent as CAP in supporting the attachment of HPC and HABC. The results indicate that CAP promotes preferential migration towards and attachment to root surfaces of HABC and HPC as compared to HGF and suggests that CAP might be effective in supporting cementogen

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01288.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySome bacterial antigens such as S.aureusenterotoxins can selectively stimulate T cells that express specific Vβ genes of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not periodontal bacteria could similarly alter the expression of Vβ families within the TCR complex. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) were isolated from 12 patients with early onset periodontitis and 11 periodontally‐healthy controls. PBMNCs were incubated in media alone, or co‐cultured for 48 h with heat‐inactivatedA. actinomycetemcomitans,P. gingivalis, andP. intermedia. Expression of five Vβ families (Vαβ2, Vβ5, Vβ6, Vβ8, and Vβ12) was determined by use of monoclonal antibodies. Mean unstimulated expression of Vαβ2 and Vβ8 was significantly higher (p<0.05) in patients than healthy controls. Co‐culture with the three bacteria resulted in significant changes (increases or decreases) in Vβ expression in 27% of the trials. There were no significant differences in the number or direction of changes in samples from patients and controls. When compared to unstimulated controls, 18 significant increases but no decreases in the percentage of cell expressing Vαβ2, Vβ5, or Vβ6 were noted following co‐culture withP. intermedia. Overall, co‐culture withP. intermediasignificantly (p<0.05) upregulated expression of the five Vβ families studied. These data suggest that periodontal bacteria may alter Vβ expression with

ISSN:0022-3484    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01289.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY