摘要:

Prepared at the request of the AAPT Committee on Resource Letters; supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation.This is one of a series of Resource Letters on different topics, intended to guide college physicists to some of the literature and other teaching aids that may help them improve course contents in specified fields of physics. No Resource Letter is meant to be exhaustive and complete; in time there may be more than one letter in some of the main subjects of interest. Comments and suggestions concerning the content and arrangement of letters as well as suggestions for future topics will be welcomed. Such communications should be sent to Professor Arnold Arons, Chairman, Resource Letter Committee, Department of Physics, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts.Notation:The letterEafter an item number indicates elementary level, useful principally for freshman liberal arts through sophomore physics courses; the letterIindicates intermediate (junior, senior) level; and the letterAindicates advanced material principally suited for senior, graduate study. An asterisk (*) indicates items particularly recommended for introductory study.Additional copies:Available from American Institute of Physics, 335 East 45 Street, New York, New York 10017. When ordering request Resource Letter NMR-EPR-1 and enclose a stamped return envelope.

ISSN:0002-9505    

DOI:10.1119/1.1971323

出版商:American Association of Physics Teachers    

年代:1965

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

During the year 1965 there are major anniversaries of the birth or death of eleven men whose accomplishments and influence have been of importance to the development of physics. They are: Louis Agricola Bauer; Giambattista della Porta; William Rowan Hamilton; Heinrich Friedrich Emil Lenz; Ernest George Merritt; William Nicholson; Louis Carl Heinrich Friedrich Paschen; Heinrich Rubens; James Lewis Macie Smithson; William Watson; and Pieter Zeeman. Brief accounts of their achievements and lives are given here.

ISSN:0002-9505    

DOI:10.1119/1.1971328

出版商:American Association of Physics Teachers    

年代:1965

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

An easily constructed differential radiometer is described which can be calibrated analytically from its geometric and physical parameters. An estimated 3% accuracy is achieved using common handbook values for the physical parameters, and the accuracy of the calibration is confirmed by experiment. The instrument measures net thermal radiation exchanged between surfaces near normal room temperature. It responds quickly to changes in incident flux and reaches equilibrium within about 1 min. It is sufficiently stable and rugged to be considered for student experiments and for demonstration lecture work. A number of elementary experiments are described which use the radiometer to demonstrate the behavior of long wavelength infrared radiation and to determine its interaction with materials.

ISSN:0002-9505    

DOI:10.1119/1.1971331

出版商:American Association of Physics Teachers    

年代:1965

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

It is pointed out that the penetration of a particle through a potential barrier may be understood as a climb over the barrier during one of the energy fluctuations expected from the uncertainty principle, rather than as a “tunneling” under the barrier. A method of obtaining the quantitative result with this model is presented.

ISSN:0002-9505    

DOI:10.1119/1.1971334

出版商:American Association of Physics Teachers    

年代:1965

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Parseval published his theorem about trigonometric series 17 years before Fourier. This paper considers the question of priority and illustrates applications of Parseval's theorem in simple electrical circuits and in quantum mechanics.

ISSN:0002-9505    

DOI:10.1119/1.1971337

出版商:American Association of Physics Teachers    

年代:1965

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

If magnetic monopoles were to engage in processes fully analogous to the parity nonconserving weak interaction processes engaged in by electrically charged particles, then the sign of angular momentum vectors would acquire an absolute significance. This is a consequence of (a) the symmetry properties of electromagnetism, (b) the symmetry properties of weak interactions, and (c) the inequality between the numerical value of the quantum of electric charge and the numerical value of the quantum of magnetic pole strength.

ISSN:0002-9505    

DOI:10.1119/1.1971253

出版商:American Association of Physics Teachers    

年代:1965

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The general relativistic solution to the cosmological problem is often considered to be one of its most beautiful results. It is shown that Newtonian mechanics is quite sufficient to discuss the dynamics of the expanding universe. Furthermore, this is not a cleverly contrived classical model, or a crude nonrelativistic approximation, but a completely correct discussion of the dynamics of the expansion in a region where both general relativity and Newtonian mechanics are equally valid.

ISSN:0002-9505    

DOI:10.1119/1.1971256

出版商:American Association of Physics Teachers    

年代:1965

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A further study of the degeneracy of the two dimensional harmonic oscillator is made, both in the isotropic and anisotropic cases. By regarding the Hamiltonian as a linear operator acting through the Poisson bracket on functions of the coordinates and momenta, a method applicable generally to bilinear Hamiltonians, it is shown how all possible rational constants of the motion may be generated. They are formed from eigenfunctions of the Hamiltonian which are linear combinations of the coordinates and momenta, and which belong to negative pairs of eigenvalues. Canonical coordinates, which may be visualized geometrically for the isotropic oscillator in terms of the Hopf mapping, place the symmetry group responsible for the accidental degeneracy clearly in evidence. Surprisingly, one finds that the unitary unimodular groupSU2, is the symmetry group in all cases, even including that of an anisotropic oscillator with incommensurable frequencies. The lack of a quantum-mechanical analogy in the latter case is due to a lack of the necessary transcendental roots of the operators involved in attempting to use the correspondence principle, rather than to the lack of a symmetry group for the classical problem.

ISSN:0002-9505    

DOI:10.1119/1.1971258

出版商:American Association of Physics Teachers    

年代:1965

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A model for ball lightning is developed in which most of its energy is accounted for by a toroidal magnetic field. The poloidal motion of its electrons, which maintains the magnetic field, is stabilized by a seaparation of charges which produces the required electric field. Loss of electrons and ions by recombination is made up by an interaction of the magnetic field with the current which replaces the lost charges. Order of magnitude computations are made for three phenomena reported in the literature: (1) a large ball lightning, (2) a plasmoid observed in a submarine, and (3) a granule on the surface of the sun. The principal justification for this model is its mechanism for extended lifetimes.

ISSN:0002-9505    

DOI:10.1119/1.1971261

出版商:American Association of Physics Teachers    

年代:1965

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Thefactis that, beside the two quantum rules for energy and angular momentum, there is a third analogous rule for the linear momentum, established by W. Duane in 1923. Though this rule is generally accepted, there is no trace of recognition in the literature that it yields a consistent unitary particle explanation of all those phenomena of diffraction and coherence, e.g., of the two-slit experiment, which allegedly can be accounted for only by thefictionof a dual nature of matter, with transmutation of particles into waves and back into particles again. The usual method of solving this dilemma has admittedly been that of “refining the language of physics,” beginning with replacing the physical idea of a forth and back transformation by the term “dual manifestation,” thereby shunning any “real” constitution of matter, which then requires a specially adjusted philosophy of knowledge. In contrast, the quantum rule for the linear momentum solves the apparent contradictions in aphysicalmanner without alternating manifestations. It introduces a great simplification which should also influence the method ofteachingthe theory. The purpose of the present article is to give due credit to the American pioneer of quantum mechanics, W. Duane, whose contribution to solving the duality paradox is a shining example of the scientific method, in contrast to the purely semantic approach in vogue for more than a generation.

ISSN:0002-9505    

DOI:10.1119/1.1971264

出版商:American Association of Physics Teachers    

年代:1965

数据来源: AIP