ISSN:0952-4622    

DOI:10.1080/09524622.1989.9753120

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In auditory research, the manipulation of signals by filtering with analog electronic filters plays an important role. Recently, digital filters that compute signal modifications in realtime became available. They can mimic all functions of analog filters, and additionally make possible new experimental concepts.

ISSN:0952-4622    

DOI:10.1080/09524622.1989.9753121

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A variety of structural parameters were measured from wolf choruses recorded in the Superior National Forest, Minnesota, USA. Mean duration of 60s did not vary with pack size or composition. Packs replied to simulated howling after an average of 40s, often interrupting the stimulus howls. Choruses began with simply-structured howls, which became increasingly modulated as the chorus progressed. Little difference in mean fundamental frequency or other howl parameters was found among the choruses from packs of various sizes and compositions. In particular, choruses produced by single adult pairs did not differ from those of larger packs accompanied by pups. The lack of relationship between chorus parameters and pack size or composition indicates there is little useful information concerning a pack's size to be found in its chorus howling.

ISSN:0952-4622    

DOI:10.1080/09524622.1989.9753122

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Observations of European starlings in France, Germany and Australia reveal surprising high similarities in the individual repertoires of whistled songs. The structure of the whistles enabled us to recognize a number of categories, in which some species-specific themes were found everywhere. They appear with the same general characteristics and variation ranges in all populations.

ISSN:0952-4622    

DOI:10.1080/09524622.1989.9753123

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0952-4622    

DOI:10.1080/09524622.1989.9753124

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0952-4622    

DOI:10.1080/09524622.1989.9753125

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0952-4622    

DOI:10.1080/09524622.1989.9753126

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0952-4622    

DOI:10.1080/09524622.1989.9753127

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0952-4622    

DOI:10.1080/09524622.1989.9753128

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0952-4622    

DOI:10.1080/09524622.1989.9753129

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor