ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1994.tb01479.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the literature on state policy innovation, there are three major explanations for what causes a government to adopt a new policy. One is the internal determinants model, which posits that the main factors leading a state to innovate are internal political, social and economic characteristics of the stale. The other two are diffusion models—the regional diffusion model, and the national interaction model—which see slate policy adoptions as emulations of earlier adoptions by other states. Each of the three models has been associated with a distinct strategy for empirical testing. The regional diffusion model has been tested with factor analysis, the national interaction model with time‐series regression, and the internal determinants model with cross‐sectional regression. In this paper, I explore the ability of these “single‐explanation” methodologies to detect the true innovation process underlying stale policy adoptions, by applying these methodologies to data generated from simulated innovation processes with known characteristics. I find that the methodologies often yield incorrect conclusions about the character of innovation. I conclude by presenting an agenda for refining a superior alternative methodology: the event history analysis approach to state policy innovation research introduced by Berry and

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1994.tb01480.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Innovation by “groping along,” in which appointed public officials experiment during program implementation after little, if any, initial planning and analysis, has been promoted as a more accurate model of policy innovation than the rational comprehensive model of policy change. Analysis of two cases of environmental regulatory policy innovation suggests that administrative agencies may be more likely to follow the conventional model of the policy cycle when high levels of conflict are likely to accompany policy initiatives. The cases also suggest, however, that public officials will experiment during the innovation process when they are uncertain about the nature of the problem and the probable impacts of alternative soluti

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1994.tb01481.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This essay evaluates the tribal‐state compact process, as one of several alternative, nonadversarial processes, warranting attention. It argues that, because of its binding character and relatively low cost (in contrast to litigation), and because it is based in the idea of tribes and states exhibiting mutual respect, the compact process is an advanced version of negotiation and bargaining that tribes and states should consider where appropriat

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1994.tb01482.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In spite of the fact that state tax collection systems in less‐developed countries generally are characterized by high levels of tax evasion and official corruption, little experimentation with privatized tax collection has occurred in these countries. This is due in part to: (1) The fact that the literature on privatization has not focused on tax collection, and (2) the existence of prevalent misconceptions regarding the effects of privatized tax collection in earlier periods. This paper uses agency theory and privatization research to discover the conditions under which privatized tax collection may be an efficient alternative to state tax collection, and to show that these conditions are present in many less‐developed countr

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1994.tb01483.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1994.tb01484.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this paper is to shed new light on the welfare debate in two ways: (a) to provide new evidence on the effectiveness of long‐term workfare programs; and (b) to examine in what contexts the programs were most effective. The study examines welfare trends between 1981 and 1990 for counties in Ohio. A quasiexperimenlal design is used to compare 26 counties that experimented with workfare with Ohio's remaining counties. The findings indicate that workfare lowered caseloads significantly, particularly for the two‐parent (AFDC‐U) population. The findings also indicate that the effectiveness of the program increased in counties with lower unemployment rates and smaller urban populations. The programs appeared to be more effective in more conservative counties, but these findings are

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1994.tb01485.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1994.tb01486.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1994.tb01487.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1994.tb01488.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY