摘要:

Using 1982 and 1990 survey data, this paper examines the extent to which the gender gap in politicization has persisted and/or changed in South Korea. The core emphasis of the paper is on whether economic development and generational turnover hove reduced gender inequality in some altitudes–psychological involvement, protest potential, system trust–that are important for political activity. The findings indicate that both economic development and generational shift have narrowed the gender gap in politicization over an eight‐year period. It should be emphasized, however, that the socio‐political structure has not caught up with Korean women's attitudinal changes, thus resulting in a phenomenon of “instituti

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1996.tb01623.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The cooperation of China and India in replacing chemicals that damage the stratospheric ozone layer is critical to the success of the world's first environmental agreement, the Montreal Protocol. China's leaders accepted the agreement more readily than did their Indian counterparts. These divergent responses are attributed to the nature of the policy issue in question, the impact of regime type upon state leaders' environmental policies, and dissimilar linkages between international and domestic actors and forces.

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1996.tb01624.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This research tests the relationship between state and local spending for health and hospitals, a set of health service measures, and three final policy outcomes—low birthweight infants, infant mortality, and child deaths. The analysis includes several proxies for service demand—state resources, percentage of single‐teen births, and percentage of the population without health insurance. The multiple regression equations also incorporate a measure of federal spending on health and an indicator of state spending for Medicaid. This first stage of the analysis can account for only a limited amount of variation in per capita state and local health and hospital spending. Health expenditures, however, are prominently related to health workers per 10,000 population, while hospital spending buys hospital beds. The final step in the analysis uses path models. The results show that neither spending nor the intermediate‐level health outputs (including a measure of prenatal care) are significantly related to the final three outcome variables. Single‐teen births is the dominant influence in the final

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1996.tb01625.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The classic urban pluralist studies are reconceptualized as providing alternative theoretical perspectives. These political order and economic development perspectives exert an enduring influence, as seen in urban regime theory and in Paul Peterson's economistic conception of politics in City Limits. A supplementary theoretical perspective is proposed that addresses the problem of inequality and takes the promotion of social justice as the principal task of urban governance. Reconciling the three perspectives provides a more comprehensive framework for conducting research.

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1996.tb01626.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a government of divided powers, the respective roles of the president and Congress in determining American foreign policy often are disputed. Rival Supreme Court decisions on this matter, U.S. v. Curtiss‐Wright Export Corporation (1936), and Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952), were resurrected and argued with renewed vigor following the Iran‐contra affair. Despite attempts by the defenders of each decision to discredit or reinterpret the rival case, both decisions stand as reasonable, if incompatible, interpretations of constitutional mean

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1996.tb01627.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Few pieces of legislation in the realm of foreign policy decisionmaking have greater potential effect or are more controversial than the War Powers Resolution. The Resolution was intended originally to create greater leverage for Congress over executive use of military force. In this effort, it is widely believed that the Resolution has been ineffective. This paper uses an information theoretic model to examine the War Powers Resolution. Results of the modeling process allow for two general assertions. First, the model suggests that the Resolution is an optimal choice of procedure by the legislature. In other words, the War Powers Resolution is better for Congress than its alternatives. Second, the information theoretic approach used here seems to coincide with an anecdotal history of the war powers debate better than do alternative explanations. Indeed, the analysis helps to explain why war powers legislation was not considered seriously sooner. Though criticism of the War Powers Resolution has its merits, claims for a variety of alternative procedural systems may be open to challenge. Those wishing to establish mechanisms for curtailing executive adventurism abroad may find it more rewarding to focus efforts on the budgeting process or on the reduction of military force structures.

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1996.tb01628.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article develops criteria to classify the relative development of public policies across countries as convergent, divergent, identical and synchronous, and indeterminate. It emphasizes that relative policy developments have to be compared over defined time periods, and that they cannot be aggregated or averaged over several time periods, or across policy sectors or policy dimensions. The significance of policy convergence between countries needs to be evaluated against relative policy developments between other countries during the same period. Given these rigorous conceptual and methodological requirements, it is doubtful whether policy convergence is as pervasive as generally assumed in the literature.

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1996.tb01629.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1996.tb01630.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1996.tb01631.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0190-292X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1996.tb01632.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY