摘要:

SYNOPSIS.Epistylis caldwellin.sp., a β‐mesosaprobic epi‐biont, was collected from the surface zone of only two of 164 water bodies at Singapore. It is recorded from the neustonic mosquito larvaeAnopheles(Anopheles)hyrcanusPallas subsp.,An.(Myzomyia)kochiDonitz andCulex(Lutzia)fuscanusWiedemann, also from corixids,Micronecta quadristrigataBred‐din, copepods,Mesocyclops leuckarti aequatorialisKiefer, and floating dragonfly exuviae. Subsurface and benthic organisms were not infested. The squat zooids (av, 57.6 ± 34.8 μwhen fully extended) have a median contractile vacuole and a long and sinuous macronucleus. Colonies consist of 2–16 individuals on a short and unusually massive stalk up to

ISSN:0022-3921    

DOI:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1960.tb05973.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.Chlamydodon pedariushas peculiar and interesting cytoplasmic organelles, such as the pharyngeal basket and the cross‐striped band, and exhibits plasmotomy of an uncommon type at the division stage. For comparison of the results of observations on fixed and stained material and on living material examined with phase contrast, and because of finding important differences in such a comparison, this morphological study of the cytoplasmic organelles was undertaken.The cilia, arranged in about forty rows only on the ventral surface, the anterior part of which shifts out of the dorsal body, bending to the dorsal side, are almost the same everywhere, about 5 μ in length. The cross‐striped band, encircling the body surface so as to divide it into dorsal and ventral parts, has the power of movement, such as folding of the semicircular trichites and closing or opening of them. The oral apparatus, composed of a membranous system and a pharyngeal basket, is an elaborate organelle. The membranous system shows such movement as seen in a sphincter muscle, moving the triangular trichites in a manner which opens or closes the cytostome. Each of the triangular trichites is con nected with the expanded end of a long trichite; together these structures. 11–13 in number, constitute the pharyngeal basket. The ridges, the long trichites and the semicircular trichites are composed of fibrillar elements, but their twisted figures may be produced artificially by staining methods.Binary fission ofChlamydodon pedarius, under natural conditions in the season from April to October, occurs daily during the period 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. Each of the fissions takes about 2 hours. In the first half of this fission time: the V‐area consisting of four central ciliary systems gives rise to transitions in the arrangement of the ciliary rows and ridges on both its anterior and middle portions; the pharyngeal basket falls down into the cytoplasm; and rosettes appear in the above two fields. On the other hand, plasmotomy arises in a fission furrow from the right side of the fission line. In the second half of the fission process, the oral apparatuses develop from the rosettes, while the old basket is dissolved into the cytoplasm; and, as the fission furrow extends leftward, two transverse bands and the frontal pellicle of the posterior daughter ciliate are organized on the surface of the fissio

ISSN:0022-3921    

DOI:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1960.tb05974.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.Some cultures ofTetrahymena pyriformis, strain HS, are amicronucleate; other cultures bearing the same designation are micronucleate. Investigation in cooperation with several workers indicates that the amicronucleate HS cultures are the same as the original. To avoid further confusion, we suggest that micronucleate HS cultures be designated “HSM” in the fut

ISSN:0022-3921    

DOI:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1960.tb05975.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.Three new species ofCaryospora(Coccidiida, Eimeriidae) are described fromPsammophis sibilans phillipsi.These areC. psammophisp. nov.: oöcysts with yellow walls, 25 to 34 μ. ×23 to 31 μ C. hermaesp. nov.: oöcysts with colorless walls, 21 to 24 μ× 20 to 22 p) andC. weyeraesp. nov.: oocysts with colorless walls, 14 to 18 μ× 13 to 17 μ, Endogenous stages of all three parasites are found in epithelial cells of the small intestine of the snake.ACaryosporafrom Israel is described and namedC. zucker‐manaesp. nov.: oöcysts spherical with outer wall crumple

ISSN:0022-3921    

DOI:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1960.tb05976.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.Using the miteDermanyssus gallinaeas the vector and the canary (Serinus canarius) as the avian host, the author was able to demonstrate the transmission of the parasiteLankesterella(=Atoxoplasma)garnhamiLainson, 1959. Mites were taken from infected canaries and fed to clean ones; 3 out of 4 birds became infected. Mites taken from infected sparrows (Passer domesticus domesticus) were fed to 4 other clean canaries, all of which became infected. Natural transmission of the parasite was achieved when 2 clean canaries were exposed to infestation by mites which had previously fed exclusively on infected sparrows. Six control canaries, obtained from the same source as the experimental birds, were all shown to be uninfected. It is concluded that the parasites in the sparrow and the canary are identical. The specific name ofLankesterella seriniLainson, 1959, for the organism in the canary becomes, therefore, a synonym ofL. garnhamiLainson, 1959.

ISSN:0022-3921    

DOI:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1960.tb05977.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.A new species of naked Dinophyceae is described and the culture medium for its continued growth denned. The species is distinctive in having a posteriorly placed girdle, characteristic of the genusKatodinium(Fott, 1957), and in possessing a counterclockwise loop of the sulcus about the apex.

ISSN:0022-3921    

DOI:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1960.tb05978.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.The centrioles ofTrichonymphafrom termites do not differ, either in structure or function, from those ofTrichonymphainCrypiocercus.The previous claims of a difference are erroneous. The roles of the centrioles in the reproduction of new extranuclear organelles and in nuclear duplication are described. The centrioles are autonomous organdies. They are just as essential for a cell's existence as are chromosomes.

ISSN:0022-3921    

DOI:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1960.tb05979.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.Cultures of tissues from ducks infected withPlasmodium elongatumsupported the growth and development of the parasites for 72 hours. Cultured parasites exhibited the same properties when reintroduced into the vertebrate host as did cells derived from similar sources upon direct transfer into a new bird. Parasites derived from acute infections led to patent infections after an incubation period of 7–8 days. Parasites derived from latent infections gave rise to infections becoming apparent after 11–15 days. Results of dilution experiments show that this lag period is not due to low numbers of parasites contained in tissues from latent infections. It is concluded that invaded cells may, after the acute stage of the infection, elaborate some hypothetical inhibitor which arrests multiplication of the parasite, while not interfering with its viability or virule

ISSN:0022-3921    

DOI:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1960.tb05980.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.Vorticellas were maintained onBacillus cereusin a medium composed of unbuffered Proteose‐Peptone, Cero‐phyl, and the filtrate from boiled wheat kernels. Vorticella‐free aliquots of culture medium were analyzed at critical intervals, beginning immediately before encystment and until re‐encystment. Control aliquots changed insignificantly; significant changes were detected in the experimental cultures. Osmolality increased from 14 to 18 milliosmols/1, Na+stayed in the range 2 to 3 milliequivalents/1, K+decreased slightly below the initial value of 5 mEq/1, Ca++decreased from 5.7 to 4 mg.%, CI fluctuated slightly down and up from 112 mg.% during the initial 8 hr., then down to<104 mg.%, phosphate decreased steeply from 14 to<0.6 mg.%, pH increased from 6.7 to 8.5.The results indicate that suboptimal levels ofK+Ca++and phosphate impose uponV. microstomaa physiological stress which leads to encystment. The role played by Na+and CI‐was not clear. Osmolality was a major factor in excystment but not in e

ISSN:0022-3921    

DOI:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1960.tb05981.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.A survey of protozoa was made from twelve varied sites in the region of the Mountain Lake atop Salt Pond Mountain, about 8 direct miles NNW of Newport, in Giles County, Virginia. Identifications for these sites and for 6 others previously sampled by other investigators which are recorded in unpublished reports are included. Species identified total 576; in 243 other instances genus is identified, but not species. Organisms seen but not identified to generic level are omitted. One hundred fifty‐one mastigophoran species are listed; with 101 instances of generic, but not specific identification being made. Of these 102 are phytomastigophorean species; and generic placements 77 times are also listed. Seven orders, 7 suborders and 49 genera are represented. Forty‐nine zoomastigophorean species are noted; and 24 other times a genus was identified. Five orders, two suborders, 18 families and 35 genera are included. Eighty‐one species of sarcodina are noted. Seventy‐four of these are rhizopods, and 7, actinopods. Genus, but not species was established for certain sarcodina in 52 instances. Three orders, 10 suborders, 13 families and 44 genera are represented. Ciliophora, including opalinids and suctorians, number 144 species in this list. Three are opalinds, and 141 (including the suctorians) are euciliates. In 88 observations, genus, but not species of ciliophorans was identified. Two classes, two subclasses, 11 orders, 8 suborders, 43 families and 97 genera are included. Two sporozoa are included, being unidentified species of the telosporidian genusEimeria, and the sarcosporidian genus,SarcocystisSome data are given relative to the nature of the sites of collection. The restricted distribution of certain organisms in certain habitats is discussed. The sites are geographically located by altitude, latitude and longitude, as well as on a map of the region.Many other protozoa are undoubtedly present in the area, the ubiquity of many protozoa being well‐known. Little has been done to survey parasitic species, and other studies should later reveal more of the free‐

ISSN:0022-3921    

DOI:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1960.tb05982.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY