摘要:

AbstractThe effects of Kamikihi‐To (KMK), a traditional Chinese medicine (Chinese name Jia‐Wei‐Gui‐Pi‐Tang), on learning and memory performance abilities in normal or memory‐impaired mice were studied using step through and step down type passive avoidance tests. The effects were also studied using shuttle box and lever press type conditioned avoidance tests in normal mice. KMK (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg p.o.) showed no influence on the learning abilities in passive and conditioned avoidance tests in normal mice. In contrast, KMK (1.0 g/kg p.o.) exerted ameliorating effects on memory registration impairment induced by ethanol in step through and step down tests. KMK at this dose also significantly improved memory retrieval disability induced by electroconvulsive shock (ECS) in step through test. Moreover, KMK (0.5 g/kg p.o.) ameliorated memory consolidation impairment induced by ECS in step down test. These results suggest that KMK ameliorates the impaired learning performance through its influence on memory registration, consolidation an

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650050302

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTaraxasterol acetate, a triterpenoid found in several plant species, demonstrated antiinflammatory activity in albino rats against carrageenan, formaldehyde and adjuvant induced inflammations in doses between 10 and 100 mg/kg. Quantitative comparison of the activities of the alcoholic extract ofEchinops echinatus, and taraxasterol acetate extracted from the former, suggested the presence of one or more minor, but probably more potent, antiinflammatory constitutent(s) in the original plant extract.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650050303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChieh‐pu‐warn (CPW), or Swift‐footed pill, is a traditional Chinese herbal preparation for the treatment of weakness, paralysis, or arthritis. Toxicity studies in mice showed that CPW at the maximal tested dosage (25 g/kg, p.o.) exhibited no acute toxicity. Subacute treatment of CPW with recommended daily dose (2.5 g/kg, p.o. daily for 15 days) showed that the body weight and the water content of lung, heart, kidney, and liver in mice were not changed significantly. The antiinflammatory effect of CPW was evaluated with carrageenin‐ and Freund's complete adjuvant‐induced edematous responses in the hind paws of rats. It was found that a single dose (2.5 g/kg, p.o.) of CPW had no significant antiinflammatory effect, but consecutive pretreatment with the same dose for three days significantly inhibited the carrageenin‐induced acute inflammation and Freund's complete adjuvant‐induced subacute inflammation in rats. The present results suggest that CPW has antiinflammatory activities with l

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650050304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect ofWithania somniferaextract on arterial blood pressure in ‘normotensive’ pentobarbital anaesthetized dogs was studied. Also a possible effect ofWithania somniferaon blood pressure in dogs administered either with adrenaline and acetylcholine was investigated. Thirty mongrel dogs of both sexes were distributed randomly in three series of ten animals each. Each animal was adminstered at intervals of 4 min with either a neurotransmitter, saline or the extract until a cycle of 32 minutes was completed. It is concluded that theWithania somniferaextract induced a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the arterial and diastolic blood pressure in ‘normotensive’ pentobarbital anaesthetized dogs.Withaniaalso significantly prevented the hypotensive effect of acetyltholine and increased the hypertensive effect of adr

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650050305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSingle oral administration of paracetamol (2 g/kg body wt) to rats caused significant changes in the activities of γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase, 5′‐nucleotidase, succinate dehydrogenase, glucose‐6‐phosphatase and cytochrome P450and contents of glycogen and cholesterol in liver after 24 and 48 h. Total lipids and lipid peroxides in liver increased both at 24 and 48 h while protein content of liver decreased after 48 h. Levels of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin in serum also increased. The magnitude of these changes was more after 48 h of paracetamol administration. Picroliv, the iridoid glycoside fraction ofPicrorhiza kurroa, when given orally to rats (6 and 12 mg/kg body wt for 7 days) caused significant reversal of the paracetamol‐induced biochemical changes. The degree of protection at the two doses of picroliv was al

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650050306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of Padma 28 on spontaneous bactericidal activity (SBA) of blood serum was tested in 19 children suffering from recurrent infections of the respiratory tract (RIRT). SBA was tested against three bacterial strains;Salmonella typhimurium568, andEscherichia colistrains 044 and 055. A considerable increase (bactericidal index2). In three children (15.7%) no effect of Padma 28 on SBA of the serum was observed.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650050307

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFurther fractionation of the EtOH extract of the bark ofAnnona bullataRich. (Annonaceae) has led to the isolation of a new nonadjacent bis‐tetrahydrofuran acetogenin, bullatalicinone, and the known adjacent bis‐tetrahydrofuran acetogenin, squamocin. These two compounds showed potent and selective cytotoxicities for certain human tumor cell lines. Their structures have been elucidated by chemical and spectral methods. Bullatalicinone is the methylketo‐lactone derivative of bullatalicin which we found previously in this

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650050308

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of chlorophyllin in modifying the clastogenic action of nicotine was testedin vivoon mice bone marrow cells. Nicotine, when administered by gavage, induced chromosomal aberrations in frequencies directly proportional to the dose. Maximum effects were recorded at 6 h after exposure. Chlorophyllin, when given alone, was not clastogenic even at the highest concentration (1.50 mg/kg body wt). Simultaneous administration of nicotine and chlorophyllin with even lower doses (1.25 and 0.77 mg/kg body wt) reduced the frequency of chromosomal aberrations to the normal level. Chlorophyllin alone, given 2 h before nicotine, however, did not counteract the effects of nicotine. The use of green plant parts in modifying the genotoxicity of different agents may be related to the protective action of chlorophyllin.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650050309

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGanoderma applanatumpolysaccharide (GAPS) was extracted and purified from PolyporaceaeGanoderma applanatum(Pers.) Pat. It was found thatin vitroGAPS (65.2–250 μg/mL) increased the spleen cell proliferation response to ConA; GAPS (500 μg/mL) enhanced IL‐2 production of spleen cells stimulated with ConA; GAPS (125–500 μg/mL) augmented the IFNγ production of spleen cells stimulated with ConA. Administering GAPS (20 mg/kg/day s.c.) to normal mice for 10 consecutive days enhanced spleen cell proliferation responses to ConA and the IL‐2 and IFNγ production of spleen cells stimulated with 5 μg/mL ConA. It also increased spleen cell primary antibody responses to sheep red blood cells. Administering GAPS (20 mg/kg/day, s.c.) to sarcoma 180 transplanted mice for 15 consecutive days restored the NK activity and the IL‐2 and IFNγ production of the spleen cells which were suppress

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650050310

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSaponins and sapogenins isolated fromBalanites roxburghii, Agave cantalaandPhaseolus vulgariswere studied for insect antifeedant activity against the larvae of the noctuid,Spilosoma obliqua(Walker). The most active compound was diosgenin‐3‐0‐[α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)]‐[β‐D‐glucopyranosyl (1→3)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl (1→4)]‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (X), inhibiting approximately. 73.63 per cent feeding at 0.02 per cent concentration. Relative efficacy of all the tested compounds was ass

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650050311

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY