摘要:

AbstractSinomenine, an alkaloid isolated from the stem ofSinomenium acutum(Thunb.) Rehd. et Wils., is reported to have clinically good curative effects on arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Our investigation has shown that sinomenine inhibits both the humoral and cellular immunity of mice. The weights of spleen and thymus of mice treated with sinomenine (50–150 mg/kg/d, i.p.) were drastically reduced. The antisheep red blood cell antibody production and delayed‐type hypersensitivity reaction induced by sheep red blood cells were inhibited by sinomenine at doses of 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg/d; and the survival time of split‐heart transplants was also prolonged.In vitro, sinomenine suppressed the proliferation of splenic cells stimulated with LPS and ConA. These immunosuppressive actions of sinomenine afford a reasonable explanation for its clinical effects in the treatment of arthritis and rheumatoid arth

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060302

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNine alkaloids fromAlstonia angustifoliahave been assessed for antiprotozoal activities againstEntamoeba histolyticaandPlasmodium falciparum in vitro.Three dimeric alkaloids, macrocarpamine, macralstonine acetate (semisynthetic) and villastonine were found to possess significant activity against both protozoans, but were 4–8 times less potent than emetine againstE. histolyticaand 15–50 times less potent than chloroquine againstP. falciparum.The monomeric alkaloids, alstonerine, alstophylline, 11‐methoxyakuammicine, norfluorocurarine, pleiocarpamine and vincamajine were all considerably less active than the dimers: macralstonine base was found to be ina

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe pharmacological actions of the crude ethanolic extract and the active fractions of the roots ofCombretum dolichopetalumwere tested on guinea‐pig isolated ileum and in intact rats. The extract relaxed guinea‐pig ileum in a concentration‐dependent manner. Two active fractions (Rf0.96 and 0.84) which also relaxed the guinea‐pig ileum were isolated using column chromatography and TLC respectively. Both the crude extract and the active fractions inhibited the contractions induced by acetylcholine and histamine concentration‐dependently in the guinea‐pig ileum. The crude extract inhibited ulcers and gastric secretions induced in rats by pyloric ligation together with histamine 100 mg/kg, i.p. (p<0.05). The extract also delayed gastric emptying in rats in a dose‐dependent manner. The effects of the extract were compared with cimetidine at each stage

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe constituents from the leaves ofBaphia nitidawere extracted using methanol and acetone as solvents. The extract did not demonstrate any acute toxic effects in mice within the dose range used during this study. The extract inhibited gastric emptying time in rats and intestinal motility in mice, both effects were manifested in a dose‐related fashion. These effects were similar but less pronounced than those produced by atropine sulphate. The extract did not induce gastric ulceration in rats and failed to protect against acetyl salicylic acid‐induced gastric ulcer in rats or histamine‐induced duodenal ulcer in guinea

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne hundred subjects suffering from a chronic progressive form of multiple sclerosis were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group 1 received Padma 28, two tablets three times a day, and group 2, the control, were treated only symptomatically. Treatment and observation lasted for 1 year. Examinations performed directly prior to the study and in the course of observation included: neurological state, visual and auditory evoked potentials, basic laboratory tests. A positive effect of Padma 28 was observed in 44% of patients with multiple sclerosis in the form of improvement of general condition, increase of muscle strength, decrease or disappearance of disorders affecting sphincters. In 41% of patients with initially an abnormal tracing of visual evoked potentials, an improvement or normalization was achieved. Of patients, who did not receive Padma 28 none felt better, moreover, 40% of them showed a deterioration. Tolerance of the drug was excellent.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe antibacterial activity of the volatile oil ofNigella sativaseeds was studied against 37 isolates ofShigella dysenteriae 1, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonneiandShigella boydiiand 10 strains ofVibrio choleraeandEscherichia coli.Most of the strains were clinically resistant to ampicillin, co‐trimoxazole and tetracycline. All the strains tested showed promising sensitivity to the volatile oil. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the volatile oil forShigella,VibrioandEscherichiastrains tested was between 50–400 μ

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060307

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCernitins are preparations obtained from plant pollen which contain numerous compounds of potential biological significance. This work deals with the influence of cernitins upon acute paracetamol toxicity in mice. The survival rate and indices of hepatic injury: aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, bilirubin level in serum, glutathione and cytochrome P‐450 content in liver, liver weight, histopathologic picture of the liver and presence of glycogen and lipids in stained liver sections, under different experimental protocols, were determined. It was found that cernitins are able to increase the survival rate of mice and reduce liver injury in acute paracetamol poisoning. Cernitins are more effective when administered after, rather than before, a dose of paracetamol. The possible mechanism through which cernitins may act is discusse

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060308

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe analgesic activity of extracts ofTrema guineense(Schum. et Thonn.) Ficalho andTrema micranthaBlume were evaluated in mice by the acetic acid induced writhing test and in rats by the hot plate method. The antiinflammatory and antiarthritic activities were evaluated in rats by the carrageenin‐induced Oedema assay and Newbould's adjuvant arthritis test. Pharmacological activities were compared with indomethacin. The ether and ethanol extracts of both species showed a significant analgesic activity in both tests. As regards the antiinflammatory and antiarthritic activities, the ether extract ofTrema micrantha(1 kg of dry leaves) produced the highest percentage of inhibition of carrageenin‐induced oedema and adjuvant arthritis and this effect was comparable to that of indometha

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060309

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis communication is a warning to potential users of allicin, which is adsorbed on silicate carriers, to be used either as an analytical standard or as a source of allicin for biological experiments. Preparations of this type are invalid as calibrators, since they do not liberate their allicin content quantitatively and unchanged.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060310

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of eight herbs of Guchi Gao on periodontal tissue cells were investigated. The results show that HerbaDendrobii, RadixOphiopogonis, and two other herbs can significantly promote attachment of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and periodontal ligament cells (PDL) and enhance the proliferation of the latter. This may account for the effect of Guchi Gao and suggests a potential treatment for periodontitis in the future.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060311

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY