摘要:

AbstractIn the past 20 years, hundreds of Chinese traditional and herbal medicines with immunomodulating functions have been screened. In this paper, the immunopharmacological studies of several potent compounds isolated from them are reviewed; their medicinal plant sources and chemical structures are also presented.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650090502

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this study the effect of buckwheat extract (BE) on the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), lipids and hormones, and on the concentration of ascorbate free radicals in the liver (compared with rutin) in animals receiving a highfat diet (HFD) was measured. Male mongrel rabbits were randomly divided Into four groups: (1) control, (2) animals given HFD containing cholesterol and coconut oil, (3) rabbits treated with HFD + BE, (4) HFD + rufin, over a period of 12 weeks. The concentration of MDA in rabbits of group 3 (HFD + BE) was slightly but significantly decreased, whilst the number of ascorbate free radicals, examinedin vitro, in the liver was markedly elevated. The level of testosterone in rabbit blood serum (group 3) was increased, but the insulin concentration was significantly diminished (in comparison with group 2). The content of total cholesterol and triglyceride in the liver of animals maintained on BE was decreased. Quite distinct superiority of BE, compared with rutin, was shown.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650090503

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine, methylguanidine and guanidinosuccinic acid, which accumulate in blood in parallel with the progress of renal failure after adenine administration, were decreased significantly in rats given Galla Rhois, Moutan Cortex or Paeoniae Radix extract. Administration of Galla Rhois extract was found to be more effective than the other two crude drugs in decreasing the uraemic toxin parameters. A uraemic toxin‐decreasing effect similar to that of crude drug was also obtained using 1,3,6‐tri‐O‐galloyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranose and 1,2,3,4,6‐penta‐O‐gallo

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650090504

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPanax ginseng, one of the most widely used plant medicines, was combined with radiotherapy, and studied against intrahepatic sarcoma‐180 tumour cells in mice. Oral administration of ginseng extract, radiation treatment and the combination of both increased the life span of tumour‐bearing mice to 20.4%, 16.9% and 82.1%, respectively. The same treatments were found to be cytotoxic to sarcoma‐180‐induced liver tumour cells. The synthetic rates of DNA, RNA and protein of the tumour cells were all inhibited measurably by the combined treatment. Histopathological studies showed that radiation treatment destroyed both cancer and liver cells and the cells shrank and became necrotic. The ginseng treatment seemed to help the recovery of liver cells and no infiltration of cancer cells wa

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650090505

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMistletoe (Viscum albumL.) contains three cytotoxic lectins, ML I, ML II and ML III. The interaction between these lectins and the fetal calf serum (FCS) commonly added to cell culture media was studied on human leukaemia Molt 4 cells. When these cells were grown in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% FCS, the lectins were about 40 times less toxic than when the former were grown in serum‐free Ultraculture medium. An addition of FCS to the serum‐free Ultraculture medium produced a dose‐dependent inhibition of the cytotoxic activities of the lectins, by up to 50 fold. Moreover, FCS increased by 2 to 3 fold the protective action of anti‐ML I antibodies against the toxicity of the lectins. The data suggest that FCS contains glycoproteins or glycolipids which interact with the

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650090506

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe administration of (6E, 12E)‐tetradecadiene‐8, 10‐diyne‐1, 3‐diol diacetate (TDEYA), isolated fromAtractylodesrhizome, promoted the transit of charcoal in the small intestine of mice at a dose of 250 mg/kg. TDEYA prevented lesion formation induced by HCl‐ethanol or ethanol in a dose‐dependent manner. This action was still evident following intraperitoneal administration and previous treatment with indomethacin. The protective effect of TDEYA against gastric lesion caused by necrotizing agents would thus appear not to be mediated by endogenous prostaglandins. TDEYA did not inhibit gastric ulcers induced by pyloric ligation nor did it reduce gastric juice output or pepsin activity. TDEYA significantly increased hexosamine content in gastric juice and the mucosa. The effect of TDEYA on HCl‐ethanol or ethanol‐induced gastric lesions may thus be exerted through its protective action on the stomach by secreting mucus and by not reducing gastric juice secretion o

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650090507

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDiosquinone and plumbagin isolated from the root ofDiospyros mespiliformis(Hostch), a common Ingredient in several folk medicines and foods, have been shown to have antibacterial activity against a wide range of organisms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of diosquinone againstStaphylococcus aureusNCTC 6571 andS. aureusE3T ranged from 3 to 30 μg/mL, while those againstEscherichia coliKL16 andPseudomonas aeruginosaNCTC 6750 ranged from 15 to 16 μg/mL. MICs were found to increase with the concentration of cells used in the inoculum. Bacterial studies showed thatS. aureusNCTC 6571 exhibited a paradoxical biphasic response to dioquinone in nutrient broth, whereas bacterial activity againstE. coliKL16 increased with concentration up to the highest concentration of dioquinone tested. Activity againstE. coliKL16 was more pronounced in phosphate‐buffered saline than in nutrient br

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650090508

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe saikosaponins ‐a(SSa), ‐d(SSd), ‐f(SSf), crude saponin mixture (CSM) and H2O‐layer components (HLC) which were isolated from the root ofBupleurum kaoiLiu, Chao et Chuang (Umbelliferae), demonstrated an immunomodulatory effect. Mice of the BALB/c strain were injected peritoneally with drugs to assess immune responses weekly over a 4 week period. The results showed that the mean ratio of thymus weight to body weight increased during week 1 but declined gradually thereafter; the ratio of helper T‐cells to suppressor T‐cells (Th/Ts) from mice treated with SSf and HLC gradually increased; however, in mice treated with SSa, SSd and CSM, the ratio rose to a maximum at week 3 and then decreased; the IL‐2 level of treated mice was significantly higher than that of the control group throughout the test period; the ratio of spleen weight to body weight in all drug treated groups increased weekly; the activity of B‐cell stimulation in mice was promoted week by week; levels of IgA, IgG and IgM in serum of SSd and SSa treated animals increased. Anin vitrostudy, involving stimulation of IL‐1 demonstrated the following order of potency: SSd

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650090509

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCryptolepine is an indoloquinoline, high yields of which may be extracted from the roots of the West African shrubCryptolepis sanguinolenta.The use of this plant as a traditional treatment for malaria is widespread in Ghana and is reported to be clinically effective. We have tested cryptolepine forin vitroantiplasmodial activity against the multidrug resistant (K1) strain ofPlasmodium falciparumand found it to be highly active with an IC50value of 0.031±0.0085 (SE) μg/mL, equivalent to 0.134±0.037 μM (n= 3). In a 4‐day suppression test there was, however, no significant reduction in parasitaemia inP. berghei‐infected mice treated subcutaneously with cryptolepine (7–113 mg/kg/d×4), when compared with untreated controls. Like 9‐aminoacridine, this compound appears to intercalate with DNA and this may explain the high degree of antimalarial activity demonstr

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650090510

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLevels of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase in the serum of rats increased maximally at 12 h and bilirubin at 24 h, while total proteins decreased maximally at 48 h after partial hepatectomy. The levels of total lipids, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in liver increased maximally at 12 h and catalase at 24 h, but the activities of peroxidase, glutathione‐S‐transferase and superoxide dismutase decreased maximally at 12 h. After the period of maximal initial increase/decrease, the changes in these parameters in liver and serum started recovering towards their prehepatectomy levels. When a similar study was performed in rats fed 12 mg/kg body wt picroliv (an iridoid glycoside fraction ofPicrorhiza kurroa) once daily for 7 days, the rate of recovery of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase in serum and total lipids, reduced glutathione, peroxidase, catalase and glutathione‐S‐transferase in liver was

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650090511

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY