摘要:

AbstractThe whole plant ofAnoectochilus formosanusHay. was extracted with hot water, and the aqueous solution was re‐extracted with ethyl acetate in order to study the effects on thromboxane A2(TXA2) production in rabbit platelets and prostacyclin (PGI2) production in bovine aortic tissues. Inhibition of TXA2production, using either arachidonic acid (AA) or PGH2as precursors, was manifested on incubation of platelets with the crude water extraction, and the ethyl acetate extraction of A.formosanusHay., respectively; the inhibitory effects were concentration‐dependent. Incubation of platelets with the aqueous remainder caused activation of TXA2production, using AA as the precursor, but there was no effect on TXA2production using PGH2as the precursor. With the AA precursor, there was activation of PGI2production on incubation of aortic tissues with both crude water extraction and aqueous remainder ofA. formosanusHay., but not with ethyl acetate extraction, and the activating effects were also concentration‐dependent. No effect on PGI2production was observed on incubation with PGH2as the precursor. These results suggest thatA. formosanusHay. contains at least two different components affecting TXA2production in platelets, and PGI2production in aortic endothelium, respectively, and these effects might play important roles in the pharmacological effects ofA. formosan

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650040202

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMultiple shoot cultures ofRauwolfia serpentinawere established from axillary meristems of the field grown plants on Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with benzyladenine (BA) (1.0 ppm) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (0.1 ppm). Growth hormones influenced the morphogenetic events of the shoot cultures such as root initiation in indoleacetic acid (IAA) combinations, stunted shoot formation in 2, 4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4–D) and slender shoot formation in kinetin (Kn) + NAA combinations. The morphogenetic responses were associated with marginal changes in alkaloid production. The cultures produced high levels of alkaloids including ajmaline (0.15%) ajmalidine and 3–epi‐α‐yohimbine in Zenk's production medium. The alkaloid concentrations in the cultures were comparable to the alkaloids in the roots of the intact plant. The shoot cultures showed stability of growth and alkaloid production characteristics over a period of

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650040203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExtracts of the stem bark ofSpathodea campanulatawhich showed blood schizontocidal action were purified by column chromatography. The action of the fractions was studied using Fink and Kretschmar and Rane tests with chloroquine as reference drug. Column chromatography was effective for isolating the fractions responsible for the antimalarial property of the crude extracts. Some chromatographic fractions demonstrated significant antimalarial activity which was higher than that observed with the crude extracts.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650040204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of chronic oral administration of cryomilled powder of the soft‐shelled turtle (SST powder) on blood pressure, serum catecholamine contents and vascular reactivity of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were studied. The SST powder was administered orally 20–500 mg/kg/day for 9 weeks. The treatment slowly but significantly reduced the blood pressure increase in SHR. However, the SST powder did not affect the blood pressure in WKY. Heart rate and wet heart weight were not affected by the SST powder treatment. Serum content of catecholamine and aldosterone and the plasma renin activity were also unaffected by the chronic administration of the SST powder. The increase in vascular resistance of isolated mesenteric vascular beds from SHR was significantly reduced by the chronic treatment of SST powder. Vascular reactivity to norepinephrine was also smaller in the SST powder‐treated group. The treatment did not affect vascular resistance or reactivity in WKY. These results suggest that chronic oral administration of the SST powder reduces the development of hypertension by decreasing the peripheral vascular resistance and reactivity. The SST powder may be useful for the treatment of hyperte

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650040205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSixty samples of materials implicated in traditional Sudanese medicine, representing 42 plant species, 31 genera and 22 families, were tested for molluscicidal activity.Tacca leontopetaloides(Taccaceae) was identified as a potent material which could be developed as a natural snail control agent. Several active fractions containing steroidal saponins were isolated.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650040206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAucubin was transformed to new nitrogen‐containing compounds named aucubinines A and B, along with an aglycone, aucubigenin by anaerobic incubation with defined strains of human intestinal bacteria and with faecal flora of humans. Among 24 bacterial strains examined,Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, Peptostreptococcus intermediusandBacteroides fragilisshowed potent ability of transforming aucubin to aucubinine A. Aucubinines A and B were prepared from aucubin by almond β‐glucosidase in the presence of N

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650040207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCaffeic and protocatechic acids demonstrated a non‐specific antispasmodic action on smooth muscle in several isolated organs of the rat. This action appeared to be related to calcium concentration. At certain doses, the test compounds enhanced the noradrenergic response in a manner similar to that of cocain

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650040208

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe fibroblast populated collagen lattice was used to study the influence of extracts from roots or herbal parts ofEchinacea purpureaon the collagen contracting ability of C3H10T1/2 mouse fibroblasts. Collagen gel contraction was inhibited by herb and root extracts which were added at the time of preparation of the gel. Inhibition was dependent on the amount of extract, the initial cell density and the collagen concentration used for preparation of the gel. When cell density was increased or collagen concentration decreased, the resulting increase in contraction counteracts the inhibitory effect of root extracts strongly, and that of herb extracts to a much lesser extent. The addition of extracts 1 h after preparation of the gel could hardly prevent contraction.Echinaceaextracts inhibited the cell morphological changes which are characteristic for fibroblasts contracting a collagen gel. The inhibition of morphological changes parallels the inhibition of collagen gel contraction in many respects. The significance of these observations is discussed in relation to the process of wound healing.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650040209

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAmong ten essential oils submitted to antimicrobial evaluation, the oil fromLippia sidoidesexhibited the highest and broadest activity against fungi and bacteria. Lippia oil was active against all test bacteria, including moderate activity against the Gram‐negative bacteriaPseudomonas aeruginosaandEscherichia coli, and all test fungi, including yeasts, a dermatophyte, and filamentous fung

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650040210

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo new alkaloids, 3‐epi‐2, 18‐dimethoxy‐schelhammericine and lenticellarine and a new diterpene, 8β‐methoxysandaracopimarene isolated from the stem ofDysoxylum lenticellareGillespie were tested againstBiomphalaria glabrataSay and found to possess molluscicida

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650040211

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY