摘要:

AbstractThe effects ofBiota orientalis (L.) Endl.(biota), a traditional Chinese medicine on learning performances were investigated. Nine weeks old male ddY mice recieved bilaterial amygdala lesions by delivery of a radiofrequency current. Biota (250 and 500 mg/kg/day) was administered orally from the day of the lesion until the end of the experiment. From 15 days after surgery, a step‐down type passive avoidance test was performed daily for 12 days. Lesioned animals showed severe impairment in the acquisition and retention processes. Biota ameliorated the memory acquisition deficit. The number of step‐down events in the acquisition and in the first testing trial was significantly decreased. Moreover, the mean number of days required to reach the memory acquisition criterion was markedly earlier in biota treated groups than in the lesioned control and almost similar to that in the naive control. Biota did not, however, alter the memory retention, choline acetyltransferase activity in the cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus, and microscopic pathological changes induced by amygdala lesion. These results indicate that the memory acquisition enhancing effect of biota may not be due to a direct activation of cholinergic transmission in those areas nor to a mitigation of the pathological damage of the lesioned site but due to other unknown mechani

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060602

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA comparison of Kuei‐Pi‐Tang and Jen‐Sheng‐Yang‐Yung‐Tang, two traditional Chinese medicines, on promoting the recovery of mice from radiation‐induced damage was studied by using the measurements of colony forming stem cells in spleen, the appearance of occult blood in feces and changes of hemograms after x‐irradiation. Different sequences of x‐irradiation were studied with or without drug administration in groups of ICR strain mice which were intraperitoneally injected at a concentration of 10 or 20 mg/20 g body weight, once a day for 7 consecutive days. Kuei‐Pi‐Tang showed no significant difference on the efficacy of recovery from hemorrhage and hemograms, as compared with that of Jen‐Sheng‐Yang‐Yung‐Tang. In contrast, the effect of Kuei‐Pi‐Tang on the recovery of CPUs was more likely induced by eliminating the radiosensitivity of bone marrow cells. However, Jen‐Sheng‐Yang‐Yung‐Tang appears to increase the radiotolerance of the cells. The recovery of thrombocyte counts which was reported to have an important influence on the survival ratio coincided

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060603

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe antitumour activity ofGanoderma lucidum, called ‘Ling‐Zhi or holy mushroom’in Chinese traditional medicine, was investigated on intraperitoneally implanted Lewis lung carcinoma in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice. An aqueous extract of Ling‐Zhi significantly increased the life span of tumour‐implanted mice, when administered intraperitoneally alone or in combination with cytotoxic antitumour drugs (Adriamycin, fluorouracil, thioguanine, methotrexate, Cisplatin) or a synthetic immunomodulator (Imexon). The aqueous extract was not cytotoxic in cell cultures and the antitumour activity was abolished by pretreatment of mice with cyclosporine. The active principle(s) was found to be present predominantly in the ethanol precipitable fraction of the aqueou

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060604

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract(+)‐Multifloramine (1) isolated fromColchicum decaisnei(Liliaceae) exhibited significant positive inotropic and negative chronotropic effects on isolated rat atria. The positive inotropic effect was not antagonized by adding propranolol. The compound showed hypotensive and tocolytic activities. The LD50of the compound in mice was found to be 383 mg/kg body weight. Its quaternary methiodide derivative (2) produced less effect on atria, uterus and mean arterial blood pressure. The LD50of the derivative in mice was 31.6 mg/kg body weigh

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060605

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe following saponosides: mimonosides A (Ma), B (Mb) and C (Me), isolated from the bark ofMimosa tenuiflora(Willd.) Poiret (Mimosaceae) were tested for their influence on cell growth. These effects were evaluatedin vitroon a panel of lymphoma cells from human and murine origins and on murine lymphocytes (thymocytes and splenocytes). The three saponins did not exhibit any growth influence on two tumour cell lines (Molt 4 and RDM 4). However, they exhibit an important increase of incorporation of tritiated thymidine into DNA of cultured lymphocytesin vitro.Synergic effects of the saponins with concanavaline A (Con A) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the lymphocytes were observed.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060606

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe influence of pollen extracts (Cernitin GBX and Cernitin T60) on some allergic reactions in animals and on the degranulation of mast cells and liberation of histamine has been studied. It was found that the cernitins possess antiallergic propertiesin vivoandin vitro.Both pollen preparations were able to inhibit the degranulation of mastocytes and histamine release from these cells. The results indicate that antiallergic properties of the cernitins might be dependent on their interaction with the mastocyte.

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060607

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe pharmacological action of cold aqueous extract of fresh leaves ofBaphia nitidawas studied on cardiac preparations. The extract (5.0 × 10−3g mL) reduced the rate and force of contraction of the isolated rabbit heart. The rate and force of contraction of the spontaneously beating rat atria was dose‐dependently reduced by 5.0 × 10−4to 2.5 × 10−2g/mL of the extract and this effect was not antagonized by 3.45 × 10−7M atropine. The extract (5.0 × 10−2g mL) completely blocked the positive chronotropic and inotropic effects of 10 mM CaCI2but only reduced that of 1.61 × 10−7M isoprenaline. The effect of the extract on CaCI2‐induced responses of the rat atria was not affected by 3 × 10−7M propranolol. The use of this extract for treating palpitation locally may be related to its negative chronotrop

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060608

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study was undertaken to evaluate the action of the hydroalcoholic extract (HE) from the bark ofHymenaea martianaon bradykinin (BK), lysyl‐bradykinin (L‐BK), acetylcholine (ACh), angiotensin II (AII), prostaglandin F2a(PGF2a), serotonin (5‐HT), oxytocin (Ot) and histamine (His)‐induced contractions of the isolated rat uterine muscle and guinea‐pig ileum. The HE (50–200 μg/mL) added to the bath for 20 min caused a concentration‐dependent rightward displacement of BK, L‐BK and ACh‐induced contractions in the rat uterus, allied to a discrete but significant reduction of maximal responses to the latter two agonists. By contrast, at the same range of concentrations the HE antagonized in a concentration‐dependent but noncompetitive manner the contractions induced by AII, but only at high concentrations (200 μg/mL) it significantly inhibited contractions evoked by both PGF2aand Ot, while contractile responses induced by 5‐HT were not affected. In the guinea‐pig ileum, the HE ofH. martiana(50 and 100 μg/ml) caused a discrete rightward displacement of the BK and ACh concentration—response curves. Higher concentrations of the HE ofH. martiana(200 μg/mL) caused a marked depression of BK and ACh‐induced maximal responses. These findings show that the active principle(s) presents in the HE from the bark ofH. martianaexhibits an interesting pharmacological profile against several neurotransmitter‐induced contractions in nonvascular smooth muscles. Such actions may be relevant for supporting, at least in part, the u

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060609

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study investigates the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract (HE) fromHymenaea martiana(Leguminosae) on endothelium‐dependent and independent relaxation responses induced by acetylcholine (ACh), histamine (His), calcium ionophore (A23187) and sodium nitroprusside in precontracted aortic rings from rat and rabbit. In addition, we have also evaluated the action of the HE on noradrenaline‐ (NA), angiotensin I‐(AI) and AII‐induced contractions in the rabbit aorta. The HE (0.25–0.5 mg/mL) inhibited in a concentration‐dependent manner the relaxant response induced by ACh in rings of rabbit aorta and by His in rat aorta. Relaxation in response to A23187 was inhibited in rat but not in rabbit aortic rings. In contrast, the HE was completely ineffective against endothelium‐independent relaxations caused/by sodium nitroprusside in rabbit aorta rings. The HE (0.5–1.0 mg/mL) significantly enhanced the maximal contractile responses induced by NA in rabbit aorta set up with the endothelium, but caused no effect in endothelium rubbed preparations. In addition, the HE (0.5 mg/mL) markedly antagonized the contractile responses elicited by AI, but caused only a slight effect on AII‐induced contractile responses in rabbit aorta. These findings indicate that the active principle(s) present in the HE from the bark ofHymenaea martianaselectively inhibit the endothelium‐dependent vasorelaxant responses caused by several substances in aortic rings from rat and rabbit, presumably by a mechanism related with endothelium‐derived relaxation factor synthesis and/or inactivation. The HE also antagonized AI but not AII‐induced contractions in rabbit aorta, suggesting some interference with the angiot

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060610

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe pharmacokinetics of mangiferin (the main component of the drug ‘Alpizarin’) was studied by HPLC in rats after intravenous injection of the drug in a single dose of 0.3, 1, 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg and after its oral administration in a single dose of 50–500 mg/kg. It was shown that the mangiferin pharmacokinetics for the above dose levels was nonlinear, and within each dose could be described by a two‐compartmental model. Its nonlinearity might be associated with saturated binding and metabolism of the c

ISSN:0951-418X    

DOI:10.1002/ptr.2650060611

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY