ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00363.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary.Ten first‐year medical students were taught basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) according to the guidelines laid down by the American Heart Association. Following a 7.5‐hour instruction period they, in turn, taught 40 secondary school pupils. On formal assessment using models, all the school children were able to perform basic

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00364.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary.A short account of the objectives and strategies of Gezira Medical School in relation to community medicine and primary health care is given. The introduction of primary health care programme management into the curriculum is described. Preliminary evaluation of the first course reflected positive results for students’ achievement and acceptance. The experience proved the feasibility of integrating health care programme management into the undergraduate curriculu

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00365.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary.The author visited McMaster Medical School as a fourth‐year medical student in 1984 and took part in a 12‐week unit 3 course. The present investigation on implementation of the educational principles of the MD programme was performed as an elective.A sample of 30 students out of 100 in unit 3 all completed a questionnaire. Only 5 of 18 student groups used the ‘cold’, i.e. unprepared, approach to problem‐solving during tutorials and 15 of 30 practised self‐learning related to the last problem. The others spent most time on general reading. From unit 1 to unit 3 a declining number of groups used peer evaluation (50%). The students felt that the performance of tutors should be improved. Most students attended lectures.It is suggested that tutor and group function may benefit from releasing the tutor from grading students. Despite its implementation problems, the author found the McMaster approach to education more beneficial than that of his own traditi

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00366.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary.The study compares two popular forms of written tests; the multiple choice test (MCQ) and the Modified Essay Question (MEQ). Two factors were varied in the experiment: the format of the questions (multiple choice, directed free response, or open‐ended free response) and the context of the questions (in a patient problem or in random sequence). Six problems were developed in each version, and administered to a total of 36 medical students at three educational levels using a Latin‐square design. The results showed a significant effect of each factor in the design, amounting to a difference of 8.7% between MCQ and directed free response, 4.2% between directed and open‐ended free response and 4.3% between problem and random context. However, the correlation of scores based on content across the formats approached unity after correction for attenuation. A process score, based on the style and presentation in the undirected format, correlated more strongly with the free‐response questions. The results suggest that, although the MCQ and MEQ may assess different skills, there is a very strong relationship between content scores derived from the two formats. The free response formats may present the opportunity for assessment of other factors related to presentation if scoring procedures are modified. Finally, the effect of randomizing questions is a deterioration of performance when compared to placing questions in the problem

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00367.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary.Two identical groups of first‐year dental students were instructed in the pathology of dental caries and periodontitis using computer‐assisted learning (CAL) or tutorial teaching (TT). A cross‐over arrangement, in which the first group was taught about dental caries by CAL and periodontitis by TT and the second group in the reverse order, allowed comparison of the two methods. The comparison included a knowledge test and completion of a questionnaire. CAL and TT were equally effective as far as acquisition of knowledge was concerned. Students felt pressurized with CAL and had problems with note‐taking. They liked a teacher to be present. Nevertheless, CAL was an acceptable method of instruction and was more economical, in terms of staff involvement,

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00368.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary.Required learning of the basic medical sciences based on five clinical problems was compiled by teachers and subsequently derived as ‘learning needs’ by students during the problem‐solving process. These lists of topics were compared in terms of number of lecture‐hours and when these were taught in the traditional curriculum. The findings indicate that learning from problems is not entirely free‐rein and can be largely determined by teachers; topics taught earlier in the course appeared more frequently than latter topics and there was a tremendous overlap of topics in both the traditional and problem‐based list. Regardless of whether lectures have been given or not, students recalled facts better if they had encountered the related clinical problem. This study also reveals that problem‐based learning can be as efficient as lectures in content coverage and concludes that the lecture method be retained provided the topics are selective and are derived and sequenced appropriately with clinical problems. Problem‐solving should be adopted as a te

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00369.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary.Medical professionals are highly dependent on personal libraries and reprint files as their sources for current information. A large population of practising doctors have poorly organized medical literature data bases in their professional environment. To expedite the development of a personal library data base by medical students, we createdmedfile, a preprinted, cross‐indexed file folder system for organizing the medical literature. This paper reports the results of two surveys performed in connection with the distribution of themedfilesystem.One hundred percent of the students who usedmedfilefound the system to be beneficial. Ninety‐seven per cent felt their ability to find their personal literature improved by usingmedfile, and 65% feltmedfileimproved their clinical preparation. Of all surveyed recipients of the system, 96.8% feltmedfilewould be useful in their future stud

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00370.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary.Recent psychological research suggests how to simplify texts and translate quantitative concepts into the language of clinical medicine.

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00371.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary.The knowledge and clinical and minor surgical skills acquired by 257 medical students in three universities in Sri Lanka and Malaysia were assessed by a questionnaire after they had completed their training period in ophthalmology. This study showed that many medical students graduating from these universities lacked the basic clinical and minor surgical skills essential for a doctor practising in a community in south‐east Asia. The responses also indicated that teaching by consultants in all three universities was inadequate and due to these inadequacies the students requested that the duration of their training period be doubled. Ophthalmology is an important component of clinical practice and proper education in this subject is important. An urgent revision of the aims and objectives of the curriculum in ophthalmology is essential to place greater emphasis on this important and much neglected subject, for which very little curricular time is allotte

ISSN:0737-3805    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00372.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID