摘要:

Gastrointestinal involvement in von Recklinghausen's disease occurs in three principal forms: hyperplasia of the submucosal and myenteric nerve plexuses and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis which leads to disordered gut motility; gastrointestinal stromal tumours showing varying degrees of neural or smooth muscle differentiation; and a distinctive glandular, somatostatin‐rich carcinoid of the periampullary region of the duodenum that contains psammoma bodies and which may be associated with phaeochromocytoma. This review describes the histopathological leatures of these lesions and discusses potential pitfalls in their differential diagnosis. Their accurate identification has significant implications for clinical management and may even provide the first pointer to the diagnosis of neurofibromatosi

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00888.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We describe 13 cases of inflammatory lesion of breast lobules in young and middle‐aged women, presenting as breast lumps, with, in five cases, associated breast pain. The patient with the most florid bilateral disease subsequently developed Hashimoto's thyroiditis. This prompted us to consider an autoimmune pathogenesis for all the breast lesions. We confirm a previously documented association of such breast lesions with diabetes mellitus and review the evidence for a possible HLA association. Increased HLA‐DR expression by breast epithelial cells was observed in cases available for study. Of the seven patients screened for circulating autoantibodies, three had none, one had smooth muscle antibodies, one parietal cell, one parietal cell and thyroid microsomal, and the seventh had the thyroid autoantibodies expected in Hashimoto's disease. Five of seven patients whose HLA‐status was determined were HLA‐DR or 5 positive, either singly or in combination. Immunophenotypic analysis of the mammary lymphoid infiltrate showed that the majority of infiltrating lymphocytes were

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00889.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

PCNA is a nuclear protein that is synthesized in late G1 and S phases of the cell cycle and is, therefore, correlated with the cell proliferative state. A new monoclonal antibody (PC10) to genetically engineered PCNA has been shown to label proliferating cells in formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded normal human tissues. Previous studies in lymphomas, using various markers of cell proliferation, have shown a strong correlation between indices of cell proliferation and histological grade. These studies have shown that within each histological subtype there is often a wide range of prolifeative indices and that these may be of some prognostic significance. Thirty‐one gastrointestinal lymphomas were studied. Our results show that there is a good correlation between PC10 index and histological grade of tumour (0.01>P>0.001) and also a significant relationship between PC10 index and S + G2 + M phase fraction as measured by flow cytometric analysis (r2= 0.62; P≤0.01). Twenty‐three cases were available for survival analysis. In these cases a high PC10 score correlated with poor survival (P=0.04). Based on this series, it appears that there is a significant relationship between PC10 index and histological grade, and between PC10 index and S+G2+M phase as measurred by flow cytometric analysis. In addition, our results suggest that a high PC10 index is an adverse prognostic factor primary gastrointestinal

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00890.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Forty‐tow cases of haemangiopericytoma were studied retrospectively using immunohistochemical staining with PC10, a monoclonal antibody to PCNA. The percentage of tumour cells with positive staining for PCNA was found to correlated well with histological grading. Clinical follow‐up data were available in 25 adults and showed no known deaths in 11 cases with a low proportion (<14%) of positive cells. Out of 14 cases with a high number (≥14%) of positive cells, seven patients are known to have died, two had metastases, and in a further two there have been multiple recurrences of tumour. DNA flow cytometry was performed on 26 cases but this showed no correlation with PC10 staining or clinical outcome. Staining with PC10 may be of particular value in the identification of patients at greatest risk of rapid tumour metastasis and early

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00891.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Basaloid‐squamous carcinoma of the larynx, pharynx and base of tongue and the so‐called adenoid cystic carcinoma of the oesophagus are rare but distinctive tumours associated with a grave prognosis. They occur most commonly in elderly males and present at an advanced stage. Our study of four such laryngeal tumours and five such oesophageal tumours shows that they are histologically and immunohistochemically identical, providing support for the idea that they are the same tumour type. They show a biphasic pattern in which basaloid tumour is intimately associated with a neoplastic squamous component which can be invasive orin situ.The basaloid component is in the form of invasive lobules with frequent comedo‐necrosis and hyalinization. The constituent cells possess pale pleomorphic nuclei with frequent mitoses. Immunoreactivity for cytokeratin in the basaloid component is remarkable for its absence or weak and focal nature. Review of the literature shows that only a few cases of ‘adenoid cystic carcinoma’ of the oesophagus arebona fideexamples of adenoid cystic carcinoma as it occurs in the salivary glands, while the others are identical to basaloid‐squamous carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. Their distinction is important because genuine adenoid cystic carcinoma is much less aggressive than basaloid‐squam

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00892.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

On review of 136 consecutive biopsies of benign gastric ulcer,Helicobacter pyloriwas detected in 78 cases (57.3%). The gastric epithelium colonized byHelicobacter pylorishowed a characteristic constellation of changes, including loss of apical mucous portion of individual cells, drop‐out of epithelial cells, epithelial pits, erosions and cellular tufts, indicative of cellular injury and regeneration. Among the 58Helicobacter‐negative cases, similar changes were not observed in the ulcer edges, except for two cases which exhibited some cellular tufts. Thus, the topographic association of Helicobacter pylori with epithelial damage in the gastric ulcer edges in more than half of the cases suggests that this organism probably plays an aetiological role in ulcerogenesis, at least in these cases. Furthermore, the epithelial changes are so distinctive that they can serve as a helpful histological indicator for the presence ofHelicobacter pyloriin gastric biops

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00893.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Diversion colitis refers to the inflammatory changes that occur in the defunctioned segment of the large intesting following diversion of the faecal stream. We report the histological features in the defunctioned rectums from seven patients: one each with severe constipation and Behcet's disease, two with Crohn's disease with rectal sparing and three with ulcerative colitis. The appearances of diversion colitis in a previously normal rectum are compared with diversion colitis with superimposed inflammatory bowel disease. Lymphoid follicular hyperplasia was found in all cases. This was marked in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. with or without initial rectal involvement. Other changes comprised surface epithelial degeneration and ulceration, mucosal inflammation including crypt abscesses, and crypt branching. Inflammatory and crypt changes were mild, except in ulcerative colitis where changes were marked and resembled those of the proximal colon. Lymphoid hyperplasia is a distinctive feature in diversion colitis. The term follicular proctitis, previously used to indicate chronic ulcerative colitis exclusively, should be re‐examine

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00894.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Hairy leukoplakia is a recently described oral mucosal condition seen in immunosuppressed individuals, usually in association with HIV infection, when it is thought to be a sign of decreasing immunocompetence. It probably results from reactivation of infection by Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) and usually presents as bilateral white patches on the lateral borders of the tongue. From a histological study of 20 cases we have found that the typical appearance of hairy leukoplakia is of acanthotic, hyperparakeratinized epithelium withCandidahyphae sometimes present in the parakeratin. A band of EBV infected, koilocyte‐like cells is present in the upper part of the prickle cell layers, these cells being swollen and pale staining, with prominent cell borders and perinuclear vacuoles. There is a paucity of inflammation in both the epithelium and lamina propria. An atypical appearance shows the koilocyte‐like cells lying isolated or in small groups, irregularly arranged in the prickle cell layer and without a hyperparakeratinized surface. Diagnosis of hairy leukoplakia should normally be confirmed by demonstrating EBV in the koilocyte‐like cells by immunocytochemistry or DNAin situhybrid

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00895.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Hodin's disease, lymphocyte predominance type (nodular paragranuloma), is of germinal centre origin and the tumours cells have a B‐cell phenotype. As the t(14;18) translocation, and the subsequent expression of bcl‐2 protein by germinal centre cells, is the most characteristic finding of centroblastic‐centrocytic lymphoma, we have tested a series of 11 cases of lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease, using Southern blot analysis for the major breakpoint region and the minor breakpoint cluster region, polymerase chain reaction with primers for the major and minor breakpoint cluster region, and immunohistological studies with a monoclonal antibody specific for the bcl‐2 protein. All three techniques gave negative results in the cases of Hodgkin's disease, establishing a clear differentiation from centroblastic‐centrocytic lymphoma. These findings are useful in the differential diagnosis between the two entities and raise the question of the non‐clonal nature of lymphocyte predominance Hodgki

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00896.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Autoimmune oophoritis is a rare cause of premature ovarian failure. Previous histological descriptions are sparse, with even fewer reports of cystic ovaries associated with this condition. Two cases of autoimmune oophoritis presenting as cystic ovaries with menstrual abnormalities are described, with immunocytochemical analysis of the inflammatory cell infiltrate. Serum autoantibodies to ovary and adrenal were present in both cases. Although rare, recognition of the condition by histopathologists is important because of the strong association with other ‘organspecific’ autoimmune diseases, especially idiopathic Addison's disease. A review of the 17 reported cases indicates five where cystic changes were present in the ov

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00897.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY