摘要:

The Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) is the best characterized human virus known to infect most people all over the world. In most cases, primary infection with EBV is asymptomatic and the virus persists life‐long without causing any disease. The availability of sensitive detection methods, however, has led to the identification of a wide array of EBV‐associated disease entities. Although nearly 9000 publications have been written since the first description of this virus in 1964, many questions concerning its function and infection patterns remain unanswered. The direct involvement of EBV in the pathogenesis of a disease has only been established for infectious mononucleosis and lymphoproliferative disorders in the setting of congenital or acquired immunodeficiency. Extensive investigations on the role of EBV infection in the pathogenesis of all other EBV‐associated lymphoid and epithelial proliferations have led to the conclusion that EBV is not the primary causative agent but it can promote tumour development. Since the early steps in neoplastic development are difficult to assess, further studies are required to clarify the precise role of EBV infection. Furthermore, the clinical significance of the presence of EBV in neoplasia is largely

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1996.tb01414.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis is currently classified as part of a spectrum of angiocentric immunoproliferative lesions. These were initially thought to be of T‐cell phenotype, but recent papers have shown that some cases are B‐cell proliferations, sometimes associated with Epstein‐Barr virus infection. We reviewed the clinicopathological features of 16 patients with pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis, using immunohistochemistry to assess the phenotype of the infiltrate, the polymerase chain reaction to look for immunoglobulin heavy chain and T‐cell receptor gene rearrangements, and in‐situ‐hybridization to look for Epstein‐Barr virus infection. In seven of seven cases the atypical lymphoid population was of B‐cell phenotype, with four cases showing evidence of either monoclonality or oligoclonality. All seven cases, including those that lacked unequivocal proof of malignancy, behaved aggressively. Epstein‐Barr virus RNA was detected in four cases. We conclude that some cases of lymphomatoid granulomatosis are B‐cell lymphomas, sometimes associated with Epstein

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1996.tb01415.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A series of 104 biopsy cases with histopathological proof of amyloid, submitted to our department of pathology over the last 19 years, were re‐examined. The survey investigated the medical indication for surgery, the origin and quality of the biopsy and the clinical information as documented on the request form for histopathological examination and in hospital records. Amyloid deposits were classified using antisera directed against five major amyloid fibril proteins, i.e. AA, ATTR, Aλ, Aκ and Aβ2M and optimal conditions were sought for the reliable and early characterization of amyloid disease in clinicopathological practice. This survey revealed that 98% of the biopsy cases already suffered from a disease which was either a cause or a result of amyloidosis. In only 2% of the biopsy cases was amyloidosis detected without any clinical indication. Immunohistochemical classification of the amyloid deposits and comparison with hospital records demonstrated diagnostic pitfalls such as immunostaining of amyloid by two or more antibodies recognizing different fibril proteins, and disagreement between immunohistochemical typing of amyloid and the initial clinical diagnosis. Based on these observations we assume that the characterization of amyloid disease and its biological significance is impossible in clinicopathological practice without clinical information or without immunohistochemical classification of the fibril protein in biopsy specimens. Different aspects of histopathological detection of AA‐ and AL‐amyloidosis are d

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1996.tb01416.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Spindle cells and vascular endothelium in nodular lesions of AIDS associated (epidemic) and endemic Kaposi's sarcoma showed similar immunohistochemical patterns of expression for cell adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix proteins. Spindle cells as well as endothelium also expressed both α5 and αV integrin subunits and ICAM‐1 suggesting a possible role for inflammatory cytokines in spindle cell formation. The spindle cell compartment was rich in collagen, laminin, fibronectin and tenascin suggesting an important reactive component in the evolution of Kaposi's sarcoma. The lack of thrombospondin expression in the spindle cells favours the contention that they could be transitional, proliferating cells of endothelial origin. Specific expression of tat protein was not seen suggesting minimal if any HIV replication in these lesions. Our findings suggest similar histopathogenetic mechanisms for endemic and epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma. The clinically more malignant features of most AIDS related cases may reflect an important effect of systemic and focal cytokines in HIV patients and possibly other cofactor(s), i. e. tat protein in the induction and growth of the lesi

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1996.tb01417.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The immunohistochemial distribution pattern of metallothionein, a low molecular weight protein with strong affinity for divalent heavy metal ions, has been investigated in normal and neoplastic conditions of the large bowel. Utilizing a monoclonal mouse antibody the following formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded surgical or biopsy samples were studied: tubulo‐villous adenomas (8 cases); adenocarcinomas with various degree of differentiation (85), nine of which were mucinous‐type; synchronous tubular or tubulo‐villous adenomas separate from carcinomas (30); transitional mucosa (45); metastases in lymph nodes (43); and distant metastases (45). Twenty biopsies from the right and left colon of 10 patients affected by irritable bowel syndrome were also analyzed. Normal colonic mucosa as well as transitional mucosa showed metallothionein immunopositivity in enterocytes at the luminal surface and crypts. Evident nuclear and cytoplasmic staining was encountered in tubulo‐villous adenomas; the same reactivity was noted in the basal glandular component of colorectal carcinomas‐synchronous adenomas, while less intense staining was noted in the apical villous portions. A variable metallothionein immunostaining was observed in adenocarcinomas (62.3%), in lymph node (55.8%) and distant hepatic (17.2%) and omental (43.8%) metastases, although it was not always concordant with that reported in the corresponding primary tumour. Whether the metallothionein positivity observed in normal and neoplastic cells is the result of expression of a stable form of the protein or an accumulation in the nucleus and cytoplasm remains to

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1996.tb01418.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A few previous studies have demonstrated the expression or mutations of oncogenes and anti‐oncogenes as well as that of oncofetal antigens in intraductal papillary‐mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas. In this study, we have investigated the immunohistochemical expression of oncogene (ras and c‐erbB‐2) and anti‐oncogene (p53 and retinoblastoma [Rb]) products and oncofetal antigens (CEA, CA19‐9 and DUPAN‐2) in nine such tumours of the pancreas. In normal pancreas (5 cases), the Rb gene product and CA19‐9 were expressed in all cases, while ras and c‐erbB‐2 gene products, p53 protein, CEA and DUPAN‐2 were not expressed. In intraductal papillary‐mucinous tumours (n = 9), ras, c‐erbB‐2, p53 and Rb gene products were present in 4/9 (44%), 7/9 (78%), 0.9 (0%) and 6/9 (67%) cases, respectively. CEA, CA19‐9 and DUPAN‐2 were expressed in 8/9 (89%), 9/9 (100%) and 2/9 (22%) cases respectively. In invasive ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancrease (7 cases), ras, c‐erbB‐2, p53 and Rb gene products were expressed in 3/7 (43%), 6/7 (86%), 2/7 (29%) and 3/&(43%) cases respectively. CEA, CA19‐9 and DUPAN‐2 were expressed in 7/7 (100%), 7/7 (100%) and 6/7 (86%) cases, respectively. The extent and intensity of the expression of these antigens was greater in invasive ductal adenocarcinomas. These data suggest that activation of ras and c‐erbB‐2 oncogenes and inactivation of Rb anti‐oncogene may contribute to the development and progression of intraductal papillary‐mucinous tumours of the pancreas and that there is neo‐expression of CEA and DUPAN‐2 duri

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1996.tb01419.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma, a growth pattern along the alveolar walls of the peripheral lung parenchyma is unusual. In order better to understand the way tumour cells invade the peripheral lung parenchyma, we studied two cases of squamous cell carcinoma with invasion along the alveolar walls (in 30% to 40% of the area surrounding the tumour). We used immunohistochemical staining with antibodies against pulmonary surfactant, apoproteins (PE‐10) and collagen type IV, and electron microscopy. Tumour cells invading the peripheral lung tissue were located between one layer of type II alveolar epithelial cells and the basement membrane of the alveolar walls. These results suggest that the cells of a squamous carcinoma (unlike an adenocarcinoma) have the ability to spread along the basement membrane of the alveolar walls without destroying pre‐existing normal peripheral lung parench

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1996.tb01420.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An unusual uterine lesion is described in a patient with postmenopausal bleeding. Grossly, a yellow, polypoid mass projected into the uterine cavity. Histological examination showed a distinct biphasic pattern, with areas of typical low‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma and areas where tumour cells were arranged in cords and trabeculae, resulting in a sex cord‐like pattern. In these areas the cells assumed a rhabdoid morphology with eccentric vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli and eosinophilic hyaline cytoplasmic inclusions. Immunohistochemistry showed positive cytoplasmic staining of both components for vimentin, desmin and the cytokeratin marker CAM 5.2. but no staining for CEA and EMA. Electronmicroscopy revealed prominent paranuclear arrays of intermediate filaments. This is the second reported case of endometrial stromal sarcoma with rhabdoid differentiation and the first documented example of rhabdoid cells in sex cord‐like areas. The report adds to the list of diverse neoplasms which may display a characteristic rhabdoid morphology and supports the hypothesis that extrarenal rhabdoid tumours are not a distinct clinicopathological entity. A diagnosis of malignant rhabdoid tumour of the uterus should be considered only when extensive sampling fails to disclose areas with an appearance typical of an endometrial stromal l

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1996.tb01421.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1996.tb01422.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1996.tb01423.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY