摘要:

A histological study was made of right‐sided carotid bodies resected therapeutically from 50 patients with bronchial asthma. Also studied as controls were 10 right‐sided carotid bodies from subjects coming to necropsy. Hypoxaemia was considered a contra‐indication to glomectomy and only patients with a resting arterial oxygen tension exceeding 65 mm Hg were submitted to operation. It was found that in patients with a short history of bronchial asthma the carotid bodies were not enlarged, but there was hyperplasia of sustentacular cells. In cases with asthma for 5 years or more the sustentacular cell hyperplasia was more pronounced and was associated with many nerve fibrils and slight enlargement of the carotid bodies. The functional significance of the proliferation of sustentacular cells and the abundance of nerve axons is obscure. In the asthma cases there was prominence of the dark variant of chief cells, thought to be related to episodes of hypox

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00826.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Forty‐eight neuroendocrine tumours of the larynx were studied, of which 41 were classified as large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Most of these tumours occurred in the supraglottic larynx and the patients were predominantly male. Exquisite pain was a presenting feature in one third. These carcinomas metastasized, frequently to skin, giving rise to painful secondary lesions, but long‐time survival occurred. Histologically, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma had a number of features seen in neuroendocrine tumours at other sites, including grouping into ‘Zellballen’ which mimics paraganglioma. Four tumours were definite paragangliomas. These tumours have behaved benignly. There were three cases of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, a tumour which is histologically identical to its counterpart in the bronchus and has a very aggressive course. All three types of tumour expressed general neuroendocrine markers, but only large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma marked for both cytokeratin and calcitonin. In the paraganglioma cases sustentacular cells were identified and marked for S‐100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Histological examination, supplemented with immunohistochemistry, helped distinguish these tumours into those requiring different treatment

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00827.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Histopathological findings in the lungs in a series of autopsies on 87 patients suffering from various types of leukaemia or lymphoma who had received no treatment, or various combinations of radiotherapy, chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation were reviewed. Thirteen untreated patients showed neoplastic infiltration (4), thromboembolism (4), infection (5) or amyloidosis (1). Seventy‐two treated cases showed malignant infiltration (14), vascular damage (21), infections (32) and/or diffuse alveolar damage (47). One patient treated with local irradiation for myeloma had acute bronchopneumonia alone and another treated with [32P] for polycythaemia rubra vera had extensive thrombo‐embolism of the large pulmonary vessels. Clinical and autopsy evidence of infection correlated very poorly. Non‐infective pulmonary disease was a frequent finding. Bacterial, fungal or pneumocystis pneumonia particularly affected the chemotherapy and radiotherapy groups, while cytomegalovirus infection was seen only in the bone marrow transplant group. This study shows that diffuse alveolar damage is a common and important problem in patients treated with radiotherapy and chemoth

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00828.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An immunohistochemical study of melanocytic tumours using 19A2, a monoclonal antibody against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA/cyclin), was performed on tissues routinely processed with formalin fixation and paraffin embedding. In normal skin, keratinocytes of the suprabasal region in epidermis, the papillae and outer root sheath of hair follicles and the basal cells lining the lobules of sebaceous glands were stained in the nucleus. Other skin components, including basal and follicular melanocytes, did not demonstrate nuclear labelling. In addition, expression of PCNA/cyclin in keratinocytes was higher in sun‐exposed skin compared with unexposed skin. In melanocytic lesions, PCNA/cyclin positive tumour cells increased in number and staining intensity according to the following progression: common melanocytic naevi; dysplastic naevi; primary melanomas; and metastatic melanomas. Expression of PCNA/cyclin, therefore, provides a useful marker for proliferation and tumour progression in ski

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00829.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Six cases of salivary duct adenocarcinoma are presented. All had a history of a rapidly enlarging mass in the parotid gland with involvement of the facial nerve. The histopathological appearance was distinctive, each case showing an invasive tumour resembling ductal carcinoma of the breast, often with areas of comedo necrosis. Five patients died within 26 months, and the one long‐term survivor (68 months) has widespread metastatic disease. These findings are similar to cases which have previously been described, but the tumour has not been widely reported, particularly in Britain. We feel that salivary duct adenocarcinoma is a distinct clinicopathological entity and, as its histological appearance is usually unmistakable, we believe it deserves wider recognitio

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00830.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We studied the presence of melanocytes in the various epithelial zones of the anal canal, using a recently introduced melanocyte‐specific antibody (HMB‐45) together with antibody to S‐100 protein. In normal anal canals and in haemorrhoids, melanocytes, defined as intraepithelial HMB‐45/S‐100 positive cells, were frequently demonstrated in the anal squamous zone, only sporadically in the anal transitional zone, and not at all in the colorectal zone. In the epithelium surrounding, but clearly separated from, resected primary anal malignant melanomas, increased numbers of benign melanocytes were demonstrated in the squamous zone and transitional zone, but also in the colorectal zone. We interpret this finding as a tumour‐induced proliferation of benign melanocytes normally present, but in very small numbers or in some way ‘masked’, in the epithelium of the upper anal canal. The demonstration of melanocytes in all three zones of the anal canal substantially supports the observation that malignant melanoma of the anal canal may originate not only below but also above t

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00831.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twelve cases of a unique plexiform melanocytic naevus that we have termed plexiform spindle cell naevus are reported. The lesions affected young individuals (mean age 22.5 years) of both sexes and were most frequently located on the shoulders and back. The lesions clinically were slightly raised and blue or darkly pigmented, suggesting blue naevus. Histologically these tumours had a symmetrical wedge‐shaped configuration, as seen in typical Spitz naevus, with the apex directed toward the deep reticular dermis or subcutis. The pigmented spindle cells were disposed in fascicles in association with neurovascular bundles and adnexal structures, imparting a plexiform architecture to the lesion. The predominant cell type consisted of spindle cells containing granular melanin and elongated nuclei. Low‐grade cellular atypia was commonly noted. Varying numbers of epithelioid cells were observed in most of the cases. In two cases studied, the naevus cells showed S‐100 protein and HMB‐45 immunoreactivity. The differential diagnosis of plexiform spindle cell naevus includes malignant melanoma, and spindle and epithelioid cell (Spitz) naevus, blue naevus and combined naevus. Plexiform spindle cell naevus is a distinctive type of pigmented spindle naevus distinguished from the above entities by its striking plexiform architecture, predominance of melanin‐containing spindle cells and lack of significant cellul

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00832.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three cases are reported in which an initial diagnosis of the plasma cell variant of Castleman's disease was made, but in which a second lymph node biopsy within a year showed evidence of Hodgkin's disease. Review of the initial biopsy indicated that atypical CD15 and CD30 positive cells were present in the initial biopsy. This illustrates the difficulty in making the diagnosis of Castleman's disease and suggests that the lymphoid reaction to the presence of Hodgkin's disease may result in similar histological appearances. The need for re‐evaluation of the diagnosis of Castleman's disease in the face of persistent or recurrent disease is stresse

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00833.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The clinical, light microscopic and immunohistochemical features of 14 heterotopic glial nodules are described. In keeping with previous experience, most cases were located around the nose and had been present since birth. However, several lesions presented as cutaneous nodules elsewhere and, in some, presentation was delayed into childhood or even adulthood. The histological diagnosis is usually uncomplicated, but we draw attention to a variant with a markedly sclerosed stroma in which the glial cells are relatively inconspicuous. Such lesions tend to be found in older subjects and can cause problems in diagnosis. We emphasize the value of immunohistochemical demonstration of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the diagnosis of these lesions, especially the sclerotic variant. Other immunohistochemical features include the presence of axons in most cases and cell bodies in some, emphasizing the mixed nature of these lesions. A meningeal component could not be demonstrated immunohistochemically, even at the edge of the lesions.

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00834.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An inflammatory pseudotumour that arose in the urinary bladder of a 33‐year‐old woman is reported. This is the twelfth reported example of this unusual non‐neoplastic lesion that may be mistaken for a sarcoma. The lesion was composed predominantly of spindle cells that by routine light microscopical, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical examination had features consistent with myofibroblasts. Awareness of this unusual lesion is important to prevent its misinterpret

ISSN:0309-0167    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00835.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY