摘要:

Cervical and axillary lymph nodes of athymic nude mice were compared morphometrically and ultrastructurally with those of normal littermates. The lymph nodes of the nude mice were larger and the volumes of the follicle, paracortex, and medulla of the lymph nodes were all larger. The paracortex of nude mice had few lymphocytes and a large number of interdigitating cells (IDC) and Langerhans cells (Lc). The results suggest that the high incidence of Lc and IDC in the lymph nodes of nude mice is due to cell accumulation and not lymphocyte depletion.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.35.5.441

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Lavage of isolated bovine lung lobes was used to retrieve pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM). Nominal yields of 72 million viable PAM were routinely obtained using 500 ml of calcium‐ and magnesium‐free phosphate‐buffered saline. Bovine PAM readily attached to glass coverslips and within 24 hours, provided cell monolayers consisting exclusively of macrophages. Bovine PAM synthesized and secreted a calcium‐dependent elastase in serum‐free media. Optimal proteolytic activity using a radiolabeled elastin substrate was observed at pH 7.6. The elastase was insensitive to synthetic peptide chloromethyl ketone elastase inhibitors and to the serine protease inhibitor, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. Enzyme activity, however, was effectively inhibited by the metal chelator, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, or suppressed by inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.35.5.449

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fructose‐1, 6‐diphosphate hydrated sodium salt (FDP), intravenously injected, remarkably stimulates the production of serum lysozyme in man, rabbit, and mouse with a different kinetics in each of them: Man and rabbit show, in the first hour, a concentration peak followed by a slow decrease, whereas in mouse the concentration is less variable with time.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.35.5.459

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Kupffer cells from the liver of normal rats were checked for their natural cytostatic capabilities using an in vitro target cell growth inhibition assay. A strong cytostatic effect was observed on an human tumor cell line and was shown to be exerted on various transformed or normal target cells with only small differences in their susceptibility. The inhibition of target cell proliferation was shown to depend on the effector/target cell ratio. Different experimental data suggest that an intimate membranal contact between Kupffer cells and target cells is required.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.35.5.467

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of high and low therapeutic doses of methotrexate (MTX) on macrophage metabolism and function in vitro. Monolayers of elicited rat peritoneal macrophages (PM) were exposed to a wide range of MTX concentrations (10–8M–10–3M) for 24 or 48 hr and macrophage RNA and protein metabolism were evaluated by the incorporation of [3H]5‐uridine and [14C]1‐leucine, respectively, into trichloroacetic acid (TCA)‐precipitable material. Macrophage functional activity was examined by measuring the uptake of [14C]Pseudomonas aeruginosa to assess phagocytosis and the release of51Cr from antibody‐coated [51Cr]sheep red blood cells (SRBC) to assess antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity. Following a 24‐hr incubation with 10–3M MTX, incorporation of [3H]5‐uridine into PM monolayers was enhanced 79% when compared to control monolayers (p<0.005). Washout studies revealed that the stimulation of uridine incorporation was no longer observed by 24 hr following the removal of MTX from the culture medium. Incubation with 10–3M MTX for 48 hr returned uridine incorporation to control levels, although leucine incorporation into protein was reduced by 22% (p<0.01). The depression in leucine incorporation in the presence of 10–3M MTX was not reversed after the removal of MTX from the culture medium. Uptake of [14C]P. aeruginosa was not altered following a 24‐ or 48‐hr incubation with either 10–7M or 10–3M MTX. Similarly, [51Cr]SRBC cytolysis was not affected by a 2‐hr preincubation with and continuous exposure to between 10–8M and 10–3M MTX. These results demonstrate that incubation of inflammatory macrophages with clinically high doses of MTX can alter macrophage RNA and protein metabolism without producing demonstrable changes in macrophage functional activity.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.35.5.475

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Medium conditioned by mezerein‐treated human acute monocytic leukemia cells (THP‐1) stimulated human fibroblast replication. Maximum mitogenic activity was elaborated by THP‐1 cells with a 24‐hr incubation in 10–7M mezerein (activator phase) followed by a 36‐hr incubation in insulin‐supplemented serum‐free Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI)‐1640 medium (effector phase). Growth stimulation was not due to the presence of residual mezerein. We previously reported that leukemia cells also produced a growth inhibitor. Fibroblast stimulation was resolved by isoelectrofocusing into several active fractions separate from the growth inhibitory activity for malignant mammary cells. Conditioned medium was mitogenic for fibroblasts in the presence of high concentrations of fetal bovine and human whole blood sera. Growth stimulation was observed in plasma‐derived serum only when supplemented with exogenous platelet‐derived growth factor. Thus, this THP‐1 cell product does not fulfill the role of a competence factor.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.35.5.489

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The ellipsoid‐associated cells (EAC) localize on the surface of the ellipsoid. They bind the IV injected horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), migrate to the red pulp and then enter the systemic circulation. After protein injection, the number of white blood cells increased above the normal level. The highest number of white blood cells occurred between 4 and 6 hr after HRP injection. In this period, the cell enhancement resulted in HRP‐positive mononuclear cells which might come from the spleen. This cell population may vary in size and number in the blood and may be identical with the dendritic cell of the chicken. The other type of blood mononuclear cell is histologically identical with the classical monocyte endogenous peroxidase positive type and their number is lower than that of the former. This type of monocytic (MN) cell could be of bone marrow origin.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.35.5.501

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The objective of this study was to measure the phagocytic functions of the spleen and the liver and, if possible, to correlate them with the morphology and the immunohistology of these organs in rabbits with serum sickness. Serum sickness was induced by repeated intravenous injections of bovine serum albumin (BSA). Rabbits with acute serum sickness (stage A of serum sickness), with chronic serum sickness (stage C), rabbits in a stage of immunization between stage A and stage C (stage B), and rabbits that did not respond to the antigenic challenge [nonresponders (NR)], as well as nonimmunized (NI) rabbits were used. The function of the spleen and of the liver was measured by the clearances of51Cr‐labeled heat damaged (HE), periodate‐treated (PE), or immunoglobulin G (IgG)‐coated (IgGE) autologous erythrocytes. In NR rabbits the functions of the spleen and liver were normal. In rabbits in stage A of serum sickness the clearance of HE, the only one measured in this stage, was decreased. In rabbits in stage B the clearances of HE and IgGE were determined; both clearances were decreased. In rabbits in stage C, the clearances of HE and IgGE were decreased, while the time of clearance of 50% (T 1/2) of PE was not significantly prolonged. In addition, in rabbits in stages A, B, and C the ratio of whole spleen vs liver radioactivity was increased. In rabbits in stage B the clearance of HE returned to normal 3 days after discontinuation of BSA injections. While all animals with detectable morphologic and immunohistologic changes of the spleen and the liver had prolonged clearances of treated erythrocytes, some animals with similarly prolonged clearances lacked evidence of pathology of these organs. The results obtained indicate that: (1) In NI and in NR rabbits, treated erythrocytes are rapidly removed by the macrophage‐phagocyte system (MPS) and preferentially by the liver. (2) In rabbits in stages A, B, and C of serum sickness the clearances of treated erythrocytes are significantly prolonged. Moreover, treated erythrocytes appear to be preferentially removed by the spleen, indicating that the ability of the spleen to clear treated erythrocytes is less impaired than that of the liver. (3) In stages A, B, and C of serum sickness the nonimmunologic clearance of autologous erythrocytes is as altered as the clearance that occurs via Fc receptors. (4) In rabbits in stage B of serum sickness recovery of MPS function occurs after the interruption of BSA injections, suggesting reversible damage. (5) Impaired clearance of treated erythrocytes in rabbits without immunohistologic changes in any of the organs studied might indicate that functional tests are more sensitive than histology and immunohistology in detecting early abnormalities of the MPS in immune complex disease. In addition, this observation emphasizes that factors other than the MPS function are important for accumulation of immune complexes in tissues.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.35.5.511

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A technique for studying the phagocytosis of bacteria colonizing hard surfaces is described. Rabbit peritoneal macrophages were allowed to settle on the surface of high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene which had been previously colonized by Escherichia coli. To ascertain the presence of bacteria on the surface of the polyethylene and the degree of spreading of the attached macrophages, the preparations were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The ingestion of E. coli by the macrophages was studied by transmission electron microscopy on ultrathin sections of resin‐embedded monolayers after their separation from the polyethylene surface. Numerous intracellular bacteria were located near the area of attachment of the macrophages to the substrata, suggesting that the phagocytosis of bacteria adherent to the surface of the plastic had taken place.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.35.5.527

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.35.5.535

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY