摘要:

AbstractThe contribution of specific activity to the effects of the bone‐seeking isotope, strontium 89 on radiosensitive components of mononuclear phagocyte populations was investigated in mice. CBA/J mice received a fixed dose of 2μCi/g body weight of89Sr with three different specific activities, 6 Ci, 100μCi and 20μCi per mg Sr. The estimated radioactivity located in the bone surface was 4,200, 3,000 and 2,400 cpm/mg bone when measured 2 days after the administration of89Sr, and was lost with an estimated biological half‐life of 27, 25, and 23 days, respectively. Bone marrow suppression was assessed by quantitation of the depletion of macrophage‐colony forming cells (M‐CFC) grown in vitro in the presence of macrophage growth factor. The decline in M‐CFC closely paralleled the level of radioactivity in the bone. These effects were clearly reflected by the depletion of monocytes in the blood, which were reduced to 14%, 14%, and 21% of control levels corresponding to SA's of 6 Ci/mg, 100μCi/mg and 20μCi/mg when counted on day 10. By day 30 the respective monocyte levels were 15%, 31%, and 77%. Furthermore, the induction of prostaglandin E producing suppressor macrophages (Mø) by Corynebacterium parvum administration was found to vary inversely with the effects of radioactivity in the bone, with initial impairment followed by quantitative recovery. Resident‐type Mø in peritoneal cavity, however, appear to be unaffected by89Sr‐treatment. These data suggest, as before, that the monocytes and suppressor Mø are dependent on radiosensitive marrow cells. The observations also lead to the conclusion that the specific activity of89Sr preparations is an important determinant of the degree of suppression and of the rate of recovery of bone marrow from the effects of irradiation that follow the administration of this isotope.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.38.6.659

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study examines the kinetics of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism by murine macrophages isolated from sites of experimentally induced pulmonary granulomatous inflammation. Macrophages of T‐cell‐mediated hypersensitivity lesions induced by Schistosoma mansoni eggs (SE‐GM) and non‐T‐cell‐mediated foreign‐body‐type lesions (FB‐GM) induced by Sephadex beads were examined. Overall, macrophages from both types of lesions produced mainly lipoxygenase pathway metabolites, leukotrienes, and monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (mono‐HETEs). Early after induction (4 days [4D]), SE‐GM showed an augmented zymosan‐stimulated AA release and metabolism compared to resident peritoneal macrophages. Macrophages from mature lesions (8–32D) showed constitutive synthesis of metabolites and were refractory to zymosan stimulation. Both SE‐GM and FB‐GM showed augmented AA uptake incorporating a large proportion into neutral lipids. A direct comparison of SE‐GM and FB‐GM revealed that the T‐cell‐mediated lesion produced lesser amounts of prostaglandins and leukotrienes and showed reduced incorporation of AA into phosphatidylcholine. These data suggest that AA metabolism by granuloma macrophages is sequentially modified during recruitment and activation at sites of chronic inflammation.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.38.6.671

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new histochemical technique is described that permits differentiation of resident from recruited macrophages by staining of paraffin sections of tissues from rats and mice. Resident macrophages are identified by their ability to phagocytose and retain intravenously injected colloidal Prussian blue. New macrophages that emigrate into tissue are identified by phagocytosis of a second colloid, iron dextran. Paraffin sections of formalin‐fixed tissues are sequentially stained for the presence of the two colloids with different chromogens, the endogenous pseudo‐peroxidase activity of colloidal Prussian blue used to catalyze the polymerization of diaminobenzidine and after conversion of iron dextran to Prussian blue, the second colloid used to catalyze the polymerization of tetramethylbenzidine. The staining results in resident macrophages staining brown while newly recruited macrophages stain blue. The studies have shown that colloidal Prussian blue is stable in vivo and neither loses its catalytic activity nor undergoes extensive redistribution. They also show that the technique can be used to measure Kupffer cell recruitment stimulated by complete Freund's adjuvant in rats and tumor‐associated macrophage recruitment in subcutaneous and spontaneous liver metastases in mice.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.38.6.687

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLipoprotein (d<1.21) isolated from mouse tumor ascitic fluid or mouse‐serum induced growth of peritoneal macrophages in vitro. Lipoprotein fractions that stimulated macrophage growth were the chylomicron, very‐low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL), and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), whereas the high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction did not. Lipids extracted from total lipoprotein also showed significant macrophage‐growth‐stimulating activity and lost this activity when hydrolyzed. The macrophage‐growth‐stimulating activity of the lipoprotein (d<1.21) was increased about ten times by heat treatment of the lipoprotein (100 °, 30 min). The HDL fraction that had no activity in the native form also showed activity after heat treatment. Lipoprotein‐depleted ascitic fluid and simple proteins such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) had no activity even after heat treatment. These results show that the lipid moiety of lipoproteins caused proliferation of macrophages and that denatured lipoproteins were more effective than native ones.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.38.6.697

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper deals with the study of the cell population in 13 samples of normal human pericardial fluid. Large mononuclear cells (LMC) constituted 74.1 ± 18.5% of the total cell population. These LMC possess the characteristics of macrophages: 1) firm adherence to glass, 2) intracytoplasmic presence of vimentin without keratin, 3) ultrastructural observation of a lysosomal apparatus, 4) cytoenzymatic activities: acid phosphatases, naphthol AS.D acetate esterase and peroxidases, and 5) phagocytosis of Baker's yeasts. All these data clearly show that macrophages are the main component of the pericardial fluid cell population and can be of great significance in the defense mechanisms and physiology of the pericardial space.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.38.6.709

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo investigate the interaction of cytomegalovirus (CMV) with neutrophils, we studied the effects of in vitro incubation of murine neutrophils with murine CMV (MCMV). Neutrophils incubated with MCMV for 4 h had depressed chemotactic activity, mean chemotactic index of 1.34 ± 1.43 for MCMV‐treated neutrophils vs 3.22 ± 2.11 for controls. Engulfment of latex spheres by MCMV‐treated neutrophils was also reduced. These differences were not attributable to loss of cell viability. UV‐inactivation of MCMV pools abolished the inhibitory effects of MCMV, indicating that these effects were related to infectivity of the virus. Electron microscopic studies at 4 h demonstrated virus particles within the phagosomes of occasional neutrophils. These studies demonstrate that neutrophil functions can be altered by an in vitro interaction with infectious CMV and suggest that a direct effect of CMV on neutrophils could account for the abnormal neutrophil functions observed during animal CMV infections.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.38.6.723

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAfter being cultured overnight, human monocytes lose their ability to secrete interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) when stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, when these monocytes were cultured for up to 9 days with various concentrations of interferon‐gamma (IFN‐gamma), these cells were found to retain their ability to secrete appreciable amounts of IL‐1 on LPS stimulation. However, the effect was observed only if the monocytes were exposed to the IFN before LPS stimulation and simultaneous addition of IFN and LPS to macrophages was ineffective. This effect of IFN‐gamma was related to the concentration of IFN added to the cultures and was completely neutralized by a monoclonal antibody to IFN‐gamma. In addition to inducing IL‐1 secretion, IFN‐gamma also appeared to increase the overall production of IL‐1, since reinduction of IL‐1 secretion was not associated with a decrease in intracellular IL‐1 content. When these macrophages were initially cultured with IFN‐gamma, washed, and further cultured with IFN free medium, these macrophages were found to progressively lose their capacity to secrete IL‐1 in response to LPS. Conversely, when monocytes were initially cultured in medium free of IFN, washed, and then further cultured in new medium, but now containing IFN‐gamma, these macrophages were found to regain their capacity to secrete IL‐1. However, the amount of reinduced IL‐1 secretion decreased as the length of the initial culture period without IFN increased, with less than optimal IL‐1 secretion occurring if monocytes were allowed to mature for 6 days before IFN‐gamma pretreatment. In summary, these studies suggest that IFN‐gamma may be important in enhancing IL‐1 production and secretion by maturing macrophages and tissue macrophages and consequently may play a role in regulating the accessory cell activity of these cells for a variety of immune responses in vivo.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.38.6.735

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMacrophage‐like tumor cells can be obtained in large quantities as rather homogeneous populations, making these cells useful for chemotaxis assays. Therefore, macrophage‐like cells J774A, WEHI‐3, P388D1, IC‐21, and NCTC 1469, all of murine origin, and U937 of human origin, were tested for chemotactic activity to a number of chemoattractive agents, such as casein, an N‐formyl tetrapeptide (N‐formyl‐L‐norleucyl‐L‐leucyl‐L‐phenylalanyl‐L‐tyrosine), and culture supernatants of murine SL2 lymphoma cells. J774A and WEHI‐3 macrophage‐like cells of murine (BALB/c) origin expressed the strongest chemotactic activity to casein and N‐formyl tetrapeptide, respectively. The results show that: very standardized chemotaxis assays can be performed using these cell lines; these assays require appropriate cell line–stimulus combinations; there are substantial differences among cell lines as to sensitivity to various chemoattractive substances; macrophage cell lines and functional mutants may be helpful for the study of receptors for chemotaxins and the study of transducer signals for chemotaxis.

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.38.6.747

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0741-5400    

DOI:10.1002/jlb.38.6.753

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY