ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The use of corticosteroids in and around joints is warranted in a variety of clinical situations. The technique itself is well suited to office practice, is readily learned, and thus falls well within the domain of the family physician. The indications, contraindications, and potential complications of intraarticular steroids are reviewed, and the actual mechanics of injecting the knee and shoulder are presented. The coadministration of lidocaine can provide immediate relief and may also be of diagnostic use.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To examine the effects of endurance cycle training on urinary free cortisol (C) and serum testosterone (T), 27 male club-level cyclists [mean of the sample maximum oxygen consumption (XVo2max) = 3.95 ± 0.30 L/min] progressively trained to an intensity of 85% Vo2max for 60 min/session four times weekly for 7 weeks. Venous blood and a 24-h urine sample were collected each week and analyzed for hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), serum T, and urinary C. With training, Vo2max was significantly increased (p< 0.05) to 4.42 ± 0.30 L/min without significant changes from initial Hb (15.6 g/dl) or Hct (46%). Mean serum T levels were initially at the low end of the normal range (11.3 ± 0.67 nM) and did not change significantly with training (10.0 ± 0.88 nM). Urinary C levels were significantly (p< 0.05) greater than values in eight sedentary control subjects (74.8 ± 10.4 nmol/day) and increased further with training from 111.4 ± 8.6 to 210.5 ± 15.9 nmol/day. The T/C ratio was significantly decreased from 10.2 (10-2) to 4.8 (10-2) by the end of training. These results suggest that strenuous endurance cycle training alters the ratio of anabolic to catabolic hormones. With further investigation, urinary C may become a useful indicator of exercise training stress.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article outlines principles relating to the assessment of risk factors and causation in sport injury. The limitations of a univariate exploration of risk factors are outlined, and a new model that permits the assessment of multiple risk factors is proposed. Applying this multivariate model may lead to greater success in predicting athletic injuries and help guide effective prevention strategies.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A multitude of factors can contribute to the occurrence of an athletic injury. In determining injury etiology, the importance of various factors may be difficult to assess, yet gaining an understanding of the manner by which they combine to produce injury advances knowledge of the injury process. Some (risk) factors may be necessarily present for injury to occur, whereas others may simple be markers of additional, unrecognized causal factors. This article outlines the concepts of interaction and confounding and describes the methods used in their assessment and control. With the emergence of multifactorial models of injury etiology, a proper assessment of interaction and confounding are important to the sport medicine researcher and practitioner seeking to assess causation.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Fifty-eight patients with clinical evidence of meniscal tears, documented by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were evaluated with regard to success of nonoperative treatment at 2 years' follow-up. Thirty-six (62%) patients had undergone surgical treatment because of persistent symptoms, whereas 22 (38%) had not undergone surgery. The majority of patients electing surgery (26 of 36) did so within the first 6 months after diagnosis. Of the 22 patients not electing surgery, 15 (68%) did not experience any significant symptoms limiting activity at follow-up; seven (32%) of these patients did, however, experience intermittent symptoms with some activity limitation. Age >40 years and avoidance of sports requiring pivoting had a positive correlation with successful nonoperative treatment. No correlation was noted with respect to sex, duration of symptoms, or location or pattern of meniscus tear on MRI. In this study, the majority of younger patients who engaged in sports requiring repetitive pivoting and jumping elected surgical treatment of their meniscal tears. Of the patients who elected surgical treatment, 84% were able to resume their preinjury level. Of the patients electing nonoperative treatment, 68% were asymptomatic and able to resume recreational activities, which typically did not involve running, jumping, or pivoting.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study evaluated the accuracy of MRI in the diagnosis of mechanically produced partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears in hind limb specimens of sheep. An animal model to produce partial ACL tears was developed. Fifteen sheep were analyzed, with one knee from each sheep serving as a control. All 30 ACLs were excised and sent for histopathology. On gross inspection, all 15 knees had posterolateral portion (PLP) involvement, whereas only four had anteromedial portion (AMP) involvement. MRI interpretation also disclosed that all 15 knees had PLP disruption but revealed 10 knees to have AMP involvement. The six knees labeled intact on gross examination but disrupted by MRI standards were seen to have microscopic tears. This study shows that a positive MRI scan for ACL pathology combined with a normal arthroscopy does not necessarily represent a false positive MRI; it may mean that an intrasubstance tear, not grossly detectable, is present.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Axillary vein thrombosis is a relatively uncommon condition in sportspeople other than those undergoing weight training, and to our knowledge this is the first case report in a basketballer. Whether to opt for conservative or surgical management of axillary vein thrombosis remains controversial. We report a successful return to elite level performance in a player with thrombosis managed conservatively

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID