ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of previously treated, though clinically resolved, lower extremity injury on performance in a timed 20-meter shuttle run.DesignCase control study.SettingNational Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college during the 2000/2001 preparticipation physicals.ParticipantsNCAA Division I athletes (n = 213) participated in this research study. Athletes were excluded if they presently had an unresolved lower extremity injury or low back pain.Main Outcome MeasuresTime to complete a 20-meter shuttle run was recorded. Previous lower extremity injury and college year were recorded via a short questionnaire.ResultsA significantly slower response time on the 20-meter shuttle run was observed in freshman athletes with a history of a lower extremity injury, as compared with freshmen without a previous injury (p = 0.01). No significant difference was noted in nonfreshman collegiate athletes regardless of injury history (p = 0.98).ConclusionKinetic chain deficits may exist long after symptomatic recovery from injury resulting in functional deficits, which may be missed on a standard physical assessment. The slower shuttle run times observed in freshmen with previous lower extremity injury may be a manifestation of insufficient treatment received at the high school level or the benefit of a mandatory core strengthening program in returning athletes. Further study is necessary to identify and validate the cause-and-effect relationship.Clinical RelevanceThis study may support residual functional deficits in incoming college athletes, which may be related to inadequate care in the high school setting.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ObjectiveTo compare findings of radiography, scintigraphy, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in stress injuries of bone and evaluate changes of these findings with time correlated with clinical symptoms.DesignProspective study.SettingA primary care hospital outpatient orthopedic clinic.PatientsAll 31 patients with stress injuries of bone who visited our clinic from July 1996 to June 2000.InterventionRadiography, scintigraphy, MRI, and clinical examinations were performed on the same day or at least within 1 week of eachother, and the findings were compared. If symptoms of stress injury of bone continued, these examinations were repeated at intervals of 2 months until symptoms disappeared. These radiologic findings were assessed by an independent radiologist who was blinded to the clinical symptoms of the patients.Main Outcome MeasuresCorrelation accuracy of MRI and scintigraphy findings with clinical symptoms.ResultsEven with negative initial radiographic findings, all initial scintigraphy and MRI indicated stress injury of bone. There were no patients with positive/negative examinations. Grade of scintigraphy and MRI were closely correlated, and these findings also correlated with the degree of clinical symptoms. Compared with scintigraphy, MRI showed more diagnostic information, such as fracture line and periosteal edema. Areas of increased activity in scintigraphy were consistent with the grades of MRI, especially high signal intensity areas of STIR (short tau inversion recovery) image.ConclusionsFrom these observations, MRI is less invasive, provides more information than scintigraphy, and is recommended for initial diagnosis and assessment stages of stress injury of bone.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ObjectiveTo examine the effective use of stairclimbing as an alternative to cycling for knee rehabilitation in an actual injured sport population.DesignRepeated-measures multivariate analyses with data collected during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rehabilitation.SettingClinical rehabilitation setting following ACL reconstruction.Participants46 athletes with ACL reconstruction (32 males, 14 females; age 25.5 ± 8.9 yrs) were randomly assigned to either cycle or stairclimber programs previously matched by metabolic equivalents (METs) and heart rate.Main Outcome MeasuresIsokinetic testing was performed at 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively on the uninjured knee to safely determine mean and peak concentric quadriceps, eccentric quadriceps, concentric hamstring, and eccentric hamstring peak torques. Pre/post leg girths were also measured bilaterally (+7.6, +15.2, +22.9, −7.6, −15.2, −22.9 cm) proximal/distal to the patella.ResultsMultivariate analysis of variance indicated no differences (Wilks' Lambda F8,37= 1.461; p = 0.21; η2= 0.240; Power = 0.556) in strength gains (NM) between cycle and stairclimbing groups, respectively, in mean concentric quadriceps (58.4 ± 12.0 vs. 37.1 ± 13.2), peak concentric quadriceps (77.0 ± 14.7 vs. 36.8 ± 16.2), mean eccentric quadriceps (57.2 ± 12.7 vs. 79.2 ± 14.0), peak eccentric quadriceps (78.6 ± 19.3 vs. 105.5 ± 21.3), mean concentric hamstring (14.3 ± 3.9 vs. 6.5 ± 4.3), peak concentric hamstring (24.0 ± 6.7 vs. 22.2 ± 7.4), mean eccentric hamstring (22.6 ± 8.6 vs. 23.8 ± 9.5), or peak eccentric hamstring (23.5 ± 11.2 vs. 36.7 ± 12.3) response. A significant stairclimbing effect (Wilks' Lambda F6,37= 2.95; p = 0.02; η2= 0.324; Power = 0.843) was observed in gastrocnemius girth (−15.2 cm) in both injured (0.5 ± 0.1 cm vs. 0.3 ± 0.1 cm, p < 0.04) and noninjured (0.3 ± 0.1 cm vs. 0.0 ± 0.1 cm, p < 0.008) legs.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the results of the data suggest no deleterious effect of stairclimbing on knee isokinetic performance or limb girth measurements, and confirms the use of stairclimbing as a viable adjunct/alternative to cycle ergometry in ACL-injured athletes.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assess long-term the sports activities of operatively and nonoperatively treated patients with idiopathic scoliosis and compare these activities with those of controls.Study DesignCross-sectional case-control study, performed at The Orthopaedic University Hospital Heidelberg.Patients and MethodsThe study enrolled 59 patients (53 female, 6 male; mean age 43 years) with idiopathic scoliosis and a minimum follow-up of 5 years (mean 22 years) since treatment (28 nonoperative, 31 operative). Mean Cobb angle at the time of the study was 54°. An age-adjusted control group (n = 33) with no history of spinal disorder was evaluated at the same time. All participants in the study (n = 92) completed a questionnaire assessing spinal function (Spine Score) and sporting activity (Sport Score). In addition, the scoliosis patients underwent radiographic evaluation of their spine. The groups were compared by analysis of variance. In order to assess the relationship between two variables, Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated.ResultsBoth groups of scoliosis patients attained a lower Sport Score than the controls (p < 0.015 and p < 0.006, respectively). There was no difference between the two scoliosis groups. Reduced spinal function correlated with reduced sports activity (p < 0.001). In both scoliosis groups, the subscales “back pain” and “physical activity” correlated with sporting activity (p < 0.03 and p < 0.02, respectively). In the surgically treated patients, Cobb angle correlated with reduced sports activity (p < 0.03). The extent of the spinal arthrodesis (number of segments) in surgically treated patients had no effect on their sports activity.ConclusionsOver the long term, patients with idiopathic scoliosis suffer impairment of their sports activities compared with age-matched controls. The main reasons for this are functional impairment and the frequency of back pain. Sports activity is not more restricted after extended spinal fusion than it is after nonoperative treatment.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ObjectiveTo identify gender-specific predictors of lower extremity injury among a sample of adults engaging in running, walking, or jogging (RWJ) for exercise.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingCooper Clinic Preventive Medicine Center, Dallas, Texas.ParticipantsParticipants were 2,481 men and 609 women who underwent a physical examination between 1970 and 1981 and returned a follow-up survey in 1986. Predictor variables measured at baseline included height, weight, and cardiorespiratory fitness. At follow-up, participants recalled information about musculoskeletal injuries, physical activity levels, and other predictors for lower extremity injury over two time periods, 5 years and 12 months.Main Outcome MeasuresAn injury was defined as any self-reported lower extremity injury that required a consultation with a physician. Cox proportional hazards regression (HR) was used to predict the probability of lower extremity injury for the 5-year recall period, and unconditional logistic regression was used for the 12-month recall period.ResultsAmong men, previous lower extremity injury was the strongest predictor of lower extremity injury (HR = 1.93–2.09), regardless of recall period. Among women, RWJ mileage >20 miles/wk was the strongest predictor for the 5-year period (HR = 2.08), and previous lower extremity injury was the strongest predictor for the 12-month period (HR = 2.81).ConclusionsFor healthy adults, walking at a brisk pace for 10–20 miles per week accumulates adequate moderate-intensity physical activity to meet national recommendations while minimizing the risk for musculoskeletal lower extremity injury. Clinicians may use this information to provide appropriate injury prevention counseling to their active patients.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ObjectiveTo compare the incidence and anatomic distribution of injuries sustained in spin and fast bowling in young cricketers.DesignA prospective cohort study. Physical characteristics and retrospective data (sporting involvement and previous injuries) from young cricketers were recorded. The cohort of young cricketers was divided according to style of bowling into a group of spin bowlers and a group of fast bowlers. Data from the spin bowler group was compared with the data from the fast bowler group to assess whether these groups were matched. A prospective study of injuries sustained by the bowlers was then undertaken. Data regarding cricket played and injuries sustained were collected by telephone questionnaire every 6 weeks for 6 months from each bowler.SettingBowlers were recruited from young cricketers training at Centers of Excellence of 3 “First Class” Counties in England in January 1998.ParticipantsThere were 42 spin bowlers and 70 fast bowlers. The mean age was 14.9 years (range 9 to 21 years).Main Outcome MeasuresInjuries caused by bowling and interfering with bowling are included in incidence data. The number of deliveries bowled in matches and practice is used as the denominator for the reported incidence.ResultsTelephone follow-up was achieved when planned on 98.2% of occasions. There were 29 injuries meeting the criteria above. The incidence of injury in spin bowlers was 0.066 per 1,000 balls and 0.165 per 1,000 balls in fast bowlers (p = 0.097 Wilcoxon rank sum test). The incidence of injury (per 1,000 balls) at various anatomic sites in fast bowling was knee 0.057, ankle 0.043, low back 0.029, and shoulder 0.007. In spin bowlers, the site incidence was shoulder 0.055 and low back 0.011. The percentage with injuries at ankle, knee, and shoulder was significantly different (95% confidence intervals) for fast and spin bowlers. A significant difference was not found for lower back injuries.ConclusionsIncidence of injuries in fast bowling is greater than in spin bowling (but this was not a significant difference within the limits of this study). Low back injuries in fast bowlers have been the subject of published research. However, injuries in spin bowling have not previously been described, and this study indicates that shoulder injuries in wrist spinners merit further study.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to determine the effects of short-term exercise on glucose tolerance and insulin response to a glucose load in centrally obese individuals.Design75 g oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed prior to participation and 24 hours after the last exercise session. Exercise bouts were 40 minutes in duration and consisted of treadmill walking and cycle ergometry at 70–80% of age-predicted maximum heart rate (APHRmax).ParticipantsEleven sedentary, centrally obese men [mean (SE): Mass, 119.1 (5.4) kg; BMI, 37.7 (1.8) kg/m−2; waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), 0.97 (0.01); age 31.7 (2.4) years] were studied before and after 10 days of aerobic exercise training.ResultsNo significant change (p > .05) in body mass was noted following 10 days of exercise as compared with preparticipation [119.1 (5.4) kg versus 118.9 (5.4) kg]. Fasting plasma glucose concentration was significantly lower (p < 0.05) following 10 days of exercise as compared with preexercise [5.58 (0.15) mmol/L versus 5.27 (0.12) mmol/L]. No significant change (p > 0.05) in fasting plasma insulin concentration, however, was observed following 10 days of exercise training as compared with preexercise [276.2 (33.7) pmol/L versus 225.3 (35.9) pmol/L]. Plasma insulin concentrations at 60 minutes and 120 minutes were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) when comparing the preexercise to the postexercise OGTT [60: 1264.2 (88.3) pmol/L versus 1103.5 (81.1) pmol/L; 120: 1066.9 (110.5) pmol/L versus 764.1 (106.2) pmol/L]. Plasma glucose concentration at 120 minutes. was also significantly reduced (p < 0.05) after 10 days of exercise as compared with preexercise [6.09 (0.24) mmol/L versus 5.39 (0.22) mmol/L]. Area under the glucose curve was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced after 10 days of exercise as compared with preparticipation [944.6 (44.4) mmol/L/120 min versus 884.4 (43.2) mmol/L/120 min]. Area under the insulin curve was also significantly decreased (p < 0.05) following 10 days of exercise training as compared with preexercise [126,890 (9014.0) pmol/L/120 min versus 109,445 (7,888.9) pmol/L/120 min].ConclusionsThese data suggest that short-term exercise may improve glucose tolerance and insulin response to a glucose load in centrally obese men.

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1050-642X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID