摘要:

β‐Agonists are among the most widely abused drugs in veterinary medicine for the illegal promotion of farm animal growth. An array of analytical procedures has been developed to detect the residues of these compounds in many biological materials. As the number of β‐agonist formulations increases, it has become increasingly difficult to devise screening techniques capable of detecting a broad spectrum of these residues in a single test. A dual immunoassay based on time‐resolved fluorescence was developed that incorporated a monoclonal antibody raised to tertiary butyl amines and a polyclonal antibody to biphenolic β‐agonists. This assay was capable of detecting residues of a range of β‐agonists present in bovine urine without the need for sample extraction. The limits of detection of the assay ranged from 1 to 8.5 ng ml‐1depending on the cross‐reactivity of individual compounds with the antibodies employed in the procedure.

ISSN:0954-0105    

DOI:10.1080/09540109609354921

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The comparative effect of the administration of viable Lactobacillus casei and yoghurt on mucosal immunity, body weight and the recovery of intestinal microvilli was studied in malnourished mice. L. casei and yoghurt induced an increase in the number of cells producing IgA and IgM, yoghurt being more effective than L. casei. In both treatments, the number of CD4+or CD8+T‐lymphocytes did not reach the levels found in well‐nourished mice. However, yoghurt administration induced a slight increase in the number of CD8+cells and a significant increase in CD4+helper T‐cells, compared with the malnourished control. Yoghurt was more effective than L. casei in improving the condition of intestinal microvilli and in the stimulation of mucus production. Yoghurt administration also induced an increase in body weight and avoided bacterial translocation of the normal intestinal microflora.

ISSN:0954-0105    

DOI:10.1080/09540109609354922

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The growth of microorganisms in foods is different from that in axenic liquid culture in laboratory media. In natural environments, including food, microorganisms generally grow in mixed culture and in close proximity to each other, as a result of which antagonistic or synergistic interactions can occur. In addition, most foods are solids, with the consequence that organisms are spatially fixed and will only grow at sites that provide the correct growth conditions. At different sites within foods there are differences in pH, oxygen concentration, nutrient level, water activity and also, in some foods, preservatives. This results in the establishment of a series of micro‐environments, only some of which will provide appropriate conditions for growth. Antibody‐linked probes can be used for the immuno‐location of microorganisms or their products in natural food systems to demonstrate the sites at which growth has occurred, and thereby suggest methods of reducing microbially produced spoilage. In this study, the use of antibodies raised against species of Pseudomonas, Brochothrix thermosphacta, and nisin produced by Lactococcus lactis are discussed.

ISSN:0954-0105    

DOI:10.1080/09540109609354923

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were raised against Fusarium avenaceum and Microdochium nivale. Cross‐reactivity studies carried out against 14 different Fusarium species plus M. nivale, 10 other field fungi and eight storage fungi indicated that several cell lines had been produced that secreted MAbs specific to F. avenaceum and M. nivale. It is suggested that these specific MAbs along with other MAbs specific to F. culmorum and F. poae produced at the Central Science Laboratory, could be used in immunoassays to assist in the identification, detection and enumeration of Fusarium species and M. nivale.

ISSN:0954-0105    

DOI:10.1080/09540109609354924

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Using a membrane‐based immunochemical technique, a simple and rapid method for the detection of streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin in milk has been developed. This enzyme‐linked immunofiltration assay has a detection limit in milk of 2 ng ml‐1for dihydrostreptomycin and 5 ng ml‐1for streptomycin. No sample preparation was needed, and the total assay procedure was completed within 10 min.

ISSN:0954-0105    

DOI:10.1080/09540109609354925

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The development of a simple, indirect, competitive ELISA is described for the detection and quantification of aldrin/dieldrin in Egyptian milk samples obtained from farm animals of different species used in dairy production in Egypt (buffalo, cow, goat and sheep) and from donkey milk. Milk samples (53) were collected from 18 stations in 16 different governorates in Egypt. The detection limit for aldrin/dieldrin in milk was 10 ppb—5 ppm without enhancement. Aldrin/dieldrin was detected in the following number of milk samples: buffalo, 62.5% (10/16); cow, 73.33% (11/15); goat, 66.66% (8/12); sheep, 71.428% (5/7); and donkey, 66.66% (2/3). The values reflect the lipophilic nature of these pesticides. The assay is rapid, sensitive, simple to perform and excellent for screening.

ISSN:0954-0105    

DOI:10.1080/09540109609354926

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0954-0105    

DOI:10.1080/09540109609354927

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0954-0105    

DOI:10.1080/09540109609354920

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor