ISSN:0275-1429    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The possible role of physical activity in the prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) was summarized based on observations from anthropology, physiology, and clinical and population studies in Part 1. The evidence suggests that habitual physical activity is importantly involved in the control and prevention of elevated cardiovascular risk factors, which in turn suggests that the health importance of physical activity is greater than might be inferred from its degree of association with individual and population CHD risk. From this synthesis, a rationale and strategy are developed for preventive practice and public health policy.

ISSN:0275-1429    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to follow the progress of 64 patients with documented coronary artery disease who had been recommended for bypass surgery and who attended a 26-day residential program at the Pritikin Longevity Center where they were exposed to a high-complex-carbohydrate, low-fat, low-cholesterol diet and to intensive exercise and educational programs. Serum cholesterol was reduced from 222 ± 6 to 167 ± 4 mg/dl at the Center and was 202 ± 6 mg/dl at follow-up. Respective triglyceride values were 179 ± 16, 126 ± 7, and 140 ± 15 mg/dl. At follow-up, 85% of the patients claimed a 50% or greater adherence to the diet; 77% indicated that they still followed a regular exercise program. During the five years of follow-up in this high-risk group, there was one death from cancer and three from cardiovascular complications (one during surgery for mitral valve replacement). Two patients experienced recurrent infarctions, and two experienced new infarctions. Twelve patients underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Eighty percent had angina at entry into the program, and only 32% indicated that they had definite angina at follow-up. In addition, cardiac and hypertensive medications were discontinued in many patients. These data indicate that a very low-fat and low-cholesterol diet in combination with exercise may be an effective adjunct for treating patients with coronary artery disease, along with regular medical management or following bypass graft surgery.

ISSN:0275-1429    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The prognosis of 1,267 patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction was examined by race and by sex in a community-wide study conducted in metropolitan Baltimore. After simultaneous adjustment for several variables that may affect prognosis, the inhospital case-fatality rates were not significantly different between whites (24.2%) and blacks (21.0%). In examining the long-term prognosis of patients discharged from the hospital and followed for as long as 10 years, no significant differences in overall survival were observed between the two races and four race/sex subgroups. These results suggest that both the inhospital and long-term prognosis of white and black patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction are comparable. The findings also support the rationale of early secondary therapeutic intervention in both patient groups.

ISSN:0275-1429    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A 22-year-old man was evaluated for new-onset atrial fibrillation. He had a two-year history of frequent palpitations, and during the previous six months he had experienced easy fatigability with exertion. On examination, blood pressure was 100/60 mm Hg with an irregularly irregular pulse. The chest was clear on auscultation, and the point of maximum cardiac impulse was not displaced. No murmurs were audible, and except for a variable first heart sound and heart rate, the examination was unremarkable. The electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation with a ventricular response of 60 beats/min. The chest radiograph showed mild pulmonary venous hypertension and a normal cardiac silhouette. Echocardiography showed no evidence of ventricular hypertrophy or enlargement; the mitral, aortic, and tricuspid valves were morphologically normal. However, the echocardiogram did show an anomalous membrane as seen with cor triatriatum. By using a more familiar spatial orientation, two-dimensional echocardiography provided a specific diagnosis for the patient's symptoms in the absence of physical findings.

ISSN:0275-1429    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of chronic endurance running on cardiac structure and function were studied in 12 young women. Initially subjects ran 15.9 ± 3.9 miles/week (mean ± SD); distance was increased without regard to speed. When running distance had increased by 30 miles/week (±30) to 46.2 ± 4.2 miles/week, resting heart rate decreased from 65.3 ± 14.0 to 58.4 ± 10.5 beats/min (P < .05), submaximal heart rate decreased from 170.0 ± 6.2 to 157.6 ± 11.1 beats/min (P < .05), treadmill duration increased from 10.8 ± 0.8 to 11.8 ± 1.0 min (P < .05), and lean body weight increased from 41.5 ± 1.3 to 42.5 ± 4.1 kg (P < .05). When running distance had increased by 50 miles/week (±50) to 62.0 ± 8.4 miles/week, resting heart rate decreased to 57.5 ± 12.4 beats/min (P < .05), submaximal heart rate decreased to 148.4 ± 11.7 beats/min (P < .02), treadmill duration time increased to 12.0 ± 1.1 min (P < .05), and lean body weight increased to 43.5 ± 1.4 kg (P < .001). Maximal oxygen uptake and maximal heart rate did not change. Serial M-mode echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular chamber size, wall thickness, and calculated left ventricular mass were not different than a reference group matched by age and sex and did not change at Δ30 or Δ50. Thus, moderate endurance running in women resulted in decreased resting and submaximal heart rate, increased treadmill endurance, and increased lean body weight. These changes indicative of a training effect occurred without primary alterations in cardiac dimensions.

ISSN:0275-1429    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effect of coronary artery bypass surgery on quality of life as reflected in changes in avocational, non-work-related activities was studied in 350 patients. One year after surgery patients demonstrated a significant increase in time spent on activities requiring light-to-moderate physical effort and on “self-improvement” activities.

ISSN:0275-1429    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0275-1429    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID