ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00963.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIsolated sperm from normo‐, oligo‐ and astheno‐spermic men were incubated for 20 h in medium supplemented with 8% heat‐inactivated or untreated human serum, and in medium with heated or untreated serum deficient in complement factor C3. Before and after incubation, sperm motility was assessed by means of a computer‐assisted semen analyser. The results did not show significant differences between the motility of sperm incubated in heated or untreated serum. It is concluded that heating of homologous serum is not necessary for preserving sperm motility and in some cases may even be disadv

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00964.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryHuman sperm, separated on Percoll gradients and transferred to cell culture medium, were exposed to various concentrations of propranolol (0.8–800 μM) or caffeine (3μM ‐ 17 mM) for 4 h. Their motility pattern was analysed after 5 min and 4 h, employing the computerized Cellsoft® system. Curvilinear velocity (VCL), percentage motile sperm, linearity (LIN), mean amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALHMEAN) and beat cross‐frequency (BCF) were assessed. Both drugs had a practically immediate effect on the sperm. Propranolol concentrations>80μ had a negative effect on all movement variables, except VCL and ALHMEAN, which showed a slight, non‐significant, initial increase.LIN and the percentage motile sperm appeared to be somewhat negatively affected at lower concentrations (80μM) than the other variables, and were reduced further at higher concentrations and with time. The presence of 800 μM propanolol immobilized all sperm within 4 h. Caffeine at 1.7 and 5 mM, increased VCL and ALHMEAN. In contrast, the highest caffeine concentration tested (17 mM) had a negative effect on all variables at 4 h a

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00965.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe ability of sperm to swell in hypo‐osmotic conditions was examined in 211 semen samples from the partners of patients about to undergo oocyte retrieval for in‐vitro fertilization (IVF). The test was performed using aliquots of semen, the remainder of which was then prepared for IVF. No significant difference was found, in either the percentage of swollen sperm or the type of swelling response, between samples that achieved fertilizationin vitroand those that did not, or between any of the diagnostic categories of infertility (tubal damage, unexplained infertility, oligospermia). In samples which achieved fertilizationin vitrothere were correlations between sperm swelling and sperm motility (r = ‐0.51) and abnormal morphology (r = 0.33), but no such correlations were demonstrated in samples that failed to achieve fertilization. Moreover, there was no significant difference between the percentage of swollen sperm in semen (mean motility 64%), in samples immediately after preparation for IVF (mean motility 96%) or in capacitated sperm 24 h after preparation (mean motility 91%). These results demonstrate that the hypo‐osmotic sperm swelling test does not assist in the prediction of the fertilizing capacity of human spermi

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00966.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn routine semen analysis of 242 patients the values of sperm concentration, sperm motility and progressive sperm motility were measured with the Hamilton‐Thorn semen analyser (HT) and compared to the data obtained by conventional semen analysis according to the guidelines of the WHO. Overall, the HT gave higher values for sperm concentration (mean difference 21.7 ± 46.2 times 106ml‐1, mean ± SD). Motility values showed a corrlation of 0.67 (slope 0.94, P<0.001) but were estimated lower by the HT than by conventional analysis (mean difference 7.3 ± 21.7%); this was caused by the overestimation of sperm concentration. In the range from 0 to 50% motility the HT yielded lower values and higher values from 50 to 100% motility. Progressive motility values of the HT agreed better with conventional analysis (WHO categories a+b): the mean difference of all values was 0.5 ± 19.5% (r = 0.74, slope = 1.0). The mean lateral head displacement measured by the HT increased with increasing sperm path velocity, but other significant correlations between sperm movement parameters could not be demonstrated. In many instances round cells and debris could not be distinguished from normal sperm. In conclusion, the HT system cannot replace conventional semen analysis in routine di

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00967.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryHigh doses of hCG were administered to immature rats of different ages and the animals killed 48 h later. Serum testosterone increased 2 to 4‐fold over control values 48 h after hCG. In‐vitro androgen production showed different patterns according to age. Animals younger than 35 days, when treated with hCG, retained the ability to respond to in‐vitro gonadotrophic stimulation. This ability was lost in testes from rats aged 45 days. The number of free LH‐receptors 48 h after hCG diminished with increasing age to become non‐detectable at 35 and 45 days. In control animals the proportion of differentiated Leydig cells in relation to their mesenchymal precursors increased progressively with age to reach highest values at 45 days. hCG administration induced a shift of the cellular composition of the interstitium toward the more mature cell types. hCG has a predominantly trophic action on mesenchymal precursors in young rats, promoting their differentiation. These effects are minimal in the differentiated Leydig cells in older animals. It is proposed that the observed biochemical responses are the result of the balance between the increase in LH receptors and steroidogenic enzymes in the developing new generation of young Leydig cells and the down‐regulation of receptors and enzymatic lesions in fully differentiated L

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00968.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMature male rats, γ‐irradiatedin utero, were hypophysectomized. In an effort to maintain the seminiferous epithelium, some animals were treated with exogenous androgen while in other animals the seminiferous epithelium was allowed to regress without hormonal treatment. These Sertoli cell‐enriched (SCE) males were evaluated for 7 weeks following hypophysectomy. In SCE males the average initial weight of each testis was 300 mg which declined to 110 mg at 7 weeks post‐hypophysectomy. Concomitantly, seminiferous tubule diameter decreased from 130 μm to approximately 89 μm. Numerous cells were detached from the lamina propria and were observed in the centre of the tubule. Two layers of Sertoli cell nuclei were frequently observed in the regressed seminiferous tubules. Many of these nuclei appeared to be less differentiated, i.e. the nuclei were smaller with smaller nucleoli and more heterochromatin.In contrast, hypophysectomized animals treated with testosterone propionate during the last 5 weeks of the 7 week observational period, retained a tissue weight of about 270 mg/testis (a 5–10% decline in weight compared with normal untreated controls). Also, these animals had seminiferous tubule diameters of 132 μm. Finally, the Sertoli cells which comprised primarily a single layer inside the seminiferous tubules had larger nuclei with finely granulated chromatin and large nucleoli.Protein changes in SCE testes, (±) androgen, following hypophysectomy were analysed using polyacrylamide gels containing SDS. Prominent changes in the protein profile as separated by molecular weight were observed and were attributable to androgen stimulation. These changes were probably occurring in Sertoli cells since the Sertoli cell represents about 70% of the total cell population in the γ‐irradiated model. It is concluded that testosterone is responsible for major changes in mature Sertoli cells, although potential contributions of other cell types such as myoid cells and Leydig cells

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00969.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAn immunohistochemical study of laminin, type IV collagen, and fibronectin was carried out in the testes of normal men and in the cryptorchid and contralateral scrotal testes of cryptorchid men from 2 to 40 years of age. The integrated optical density (IOD) per unit area of the lamina propria was measured in the immuno‐stained sections. Fibronectin was found throughout the thickness of the lamina propria of the seminiferous tubules and in the interstitial connective tissue. No differences between normal and cryptorchid testes were found. Laminin was observed in the innermost part of the lamina propria of the seminiferous tubules and surrounding the endothelium of blood capillaries from infancy. No differences were found between normal and cryptorchid testes in the prepubertal period. In adult cryptorchid testes, laminin formed more numerous and deeper invaginations towards the seminiferous epithelium than in normal adult testes. Type IV collagen appeared throughout the thickness of the lamina propria of normal testes as well as in the wall of interstitial blood vessels. From infancy, the lamina propria of seminiferous tubules, but not blood vessel walls, showed lesser immunostaining for type IV collagen and a lower IOD of this component than did control tests from men of the same age. No differences between unilateral and bilateral cryptorchid‐ism were found. The contralateral scrotal testes of cryptorchid males showed intermediate immunostaining for type IV collagen between that of normal control testes and that of cryptorchid testes. These findings suggest that the lamina propria of seminiferous tubules is lesioned at an early age in both cryptorchid and contralateral scrotal testes of cryptorchid

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00970.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe selective uptake and localization of radioactivity in the fetal male reproductive organs (epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate) of the guinea‐pig (50–60 days of gestation) after in‐vivo and in‐situ subcutaneous injection of [3H]oestradiol was investigated by autoradiography. In 50–day‐old fetuses, the different areas of the epididymis showed selective retention of radioactivity in the nuclei of peritubular and stromal cells surrounding the epididymal duct; no retention was observed in the epididymal epithelium. A similar distribution of silver grains was observed in the 60‐day‐old fetus. Seminal vesicles and prostate sections from both 50‐ and 60‐day‐old fetuses showed concentration and retention of radioactivity only in stromal cells, whereas the epithelium did not exhibit silver grains. In all the tissues studied, the nuclear labelling was abolished after injection of [3H]oestradiol plus a 100‐fold excess of non‐labelled oestradiol. As the mesenchyme surrounding the epithelia of the epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate were labelled selectively with [3H]oestradiol, it is suggested that during fetal life of the guinea‐pig the mesenchymal stroma of these fetal male reproductive organs may be considered as a

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00971.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryDifferential cDNA screening identified four new genes that are expressed specifically in the human epididymis. Their corresponding mRNAs are relatively short, ranging from 0.7 to 1.0 kb, and belong to a class of abundant or moderately abundant transcripts. Tissue‐specific expression was pronounced for all four sequences, which showed no hybridization signals with RNA from eight different human tissues. Cross‐hybridization with epididymal RNAs from some non‐rodent mammalian species was observed with two cDNAs; the remaining two transcripts failed to cross‐hybridize with any of the animal epididymal RNAs

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00972.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY