ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1993.tb01360.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe effect on the acrosome reaction of human spermatozoa of two widely used sperm separation media, hyaluronic acid (Sperm Select®) and Percoll®, was studied. Viable and highly motile fractions of human spermatozoa were separated from seminal plasma using self‐migration on a Percoll® gradient. After translocation of separated spermatozoa from the Percoll® solution to a culture medium, serum, Percoll® or hyaluronic acid (Sperm Select®) was added to aliquots of the spermatozoa containing culture medium. At increasing time intervals, the influx of45Ca2+into spermatozoa was measured and the concentration of viable spermatozoa that had undergone the acrosome reaction was analysed using the triple stain technique. Serum was found to be necessary to support sperm motility and viability. Compared to culture medium with serum only, addition of hyaluronic acid induced influx of45Ca2+and the acrosome reaction, whilst Percoll® inhibited both of these actions. Hyaluronic acid (Sperm Select®) added to spermatozoa separated by a ‘swim‐up’ method induced, and the addition of Percoll® inhibited, influx of45Ca2+when compared to the addition of culture medium with serum only. This study demonstrates that both hyaluronic acid (Sperm Select®) and Percoll® affect the acrosome reaction and the prerequisite for Ca2+influx in human spermatozoa. These effects should be taken into consideration when using these media for preparation of spermatozoa for insemination or for fer

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1993.tb01361.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis study was undertaken to assess the fertilizing capacity (sperm function) of residual spermatozoa produced by groups of men (n= 7) rendered oligozoospermic by treatment with weekly intramuscular injection of 50 or 100 mg testosterone enanthate (TE). The treatment was continued for 6 months and the effects compared with a control group (n= 6) in which men received weekly intramuscular injections of sesame oil (1 ml). Sperm function was assessed by tests of membrane integrity (supravital stain and hypoosmotic swelling [HOS] test) and sperm penetration (artificial cervical capillary tube test). The quality of sperm movement was also assessed. These parameters of sperm function were all reduced consistently in a dose‐dependent manner with maximal suppression occurring between weeks 15 and 25 of treatment, and full recovery to baseline levels by 12 months after cessation of treatment. The decrease in sperm function was correlated with the degree of suppression of sperm output with the proportion of morphologically normal spermatozoa and the degree of suppression of gonadotrophin levels. The weekly dose of 50 mg TE induced severe oligozoospermia (concentration<5 million/ml) in four of seven men, whereas 100 mg TE induced azoospermia in all seven men by week 20. It is concluded that, unlike published observations on men of European background, the administration of TE at 100 mg per week may achieve adequate contraceptive efficacy in Indonesian me

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1993.tb01362.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryUsing 158 unselected semen samples the present study has analysed how the results of sperm morphology assessment were influenced by different techniques for preparing the slides for microscopic assessment. All three techniques compared, the Papanicolaou stain (PAP), the Shorr stain (SHO) and the ‘wet preparations’ protocol (WET) are currently recommended by the World Health Organization for use in andrology laboratories. Mean percentages of morphologically normal spermatozoa were identical on PAP and SHO slides (31.1%), but were significantly lower in wet preparations (12.3%). Wide divergence of results obtained with the three different methods was also found with respect to the percentage of sperm with head, midpiece and tail defects and two ‘indices of teratozoospermia’. For the majority of parameters assessed, linear regression analysis revealed a poor correlation between evaluations of PAP, SHO and WET slides (rvalues ranging from 0.01 to 0.87). We conclude that only one standard method should be recommended for the preparation of morphology slides in order to ensure inter‐laboratory comparability of results and to enhance the value of sperm morphology analysis for predicting

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1993.tb01363.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis study has assessed the effect of age on protein secretion by seminiferous tubules (ST) isolated from rats and their response to Sertoli cell toxicants. ST were isolated from immature (aged 28 days), late pubertal (aged 45 days) and young adult (aged 70 days) rats and culturedin vitrofor 24 h with35S‐methionine in the presence or absence of FSH (1 mg/ml), m‐dinitrobenzene (m‐DNB) or nitrobenzene (NB) (both at 10‐4M). Incorporation of35S‐methionine into newly synthesized proteins in the culture medium (secreted proteins) was assessed and the pattern of protein secretion evaluated using two‐dimensional sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2‐D SDS‐PAGE). These data were compared with those obtained using cultures of immature rat Sertoli cells + germ cells (SC+GC). Addition of FSH, m‐DNB or NBin vitroeither had no effect (NB) or had a small stimulatory effect (FSH and m‐DNB) on the incorporation of35S‐methionine into overall secreted proteins by ST isolated from immature rats. At the same doses, addition of either FSH, m‐DNB or NB to SC+GC co‐cultures resulted in increased incorporation of radiolabel into secreted proteins in all instances. In contrast, the same additions to ST isolated from adult rats resulted in a 20–34% decrease in the overall incorporation of35S‐methionine into secreted proteins. ST isolated from late pubertal rats showed a similar response to adult rats except that the decreases in incorporation induced by FSH, m‐DNB and NB were smaller. Analysis by 2‐D SDS‐PAGE revealed considerable age‐dependent differences in the proteins secreted by ST from immature and adult rats, of which 13 were identified as being of potential importance. Most of these proteins were prominent secretory products of ST from adult rats, but were minor or non‐detectable products of cultures of ST or SC+GC from immature rats. Most of these proteins disappeared or decreased in abundance after culture of ST with m‐DNB or NB. Two proteins showed the reverse pattern, being more prominent secretory products in immature than mature rats, and their secretion was unaffected or was increased by toxicant exposure. These results demonstrate that there are major age‐dependent differences in the secretion of total and specific proteins by isolated ST and that these are probably related to changes in the germ cell complement with age. The susceptibility of many of these proteins to perturbation by m‐DNB and NB may explain the adverse effects of these compounds on spermatogenesis. Finally, the present results suggest strongly that studies of the regulation of spermatogenesis should not

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1993.tb01364.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThere is still controversy over whether androgens are involved in gubernacular migration during descent of the testis, prompting a review of anatomical events controlled by androgens. The gubernacular position in adult female, male, and testicular feminized male (TFM) mice (with complete androgen resistance) was observed macroscopically to determine its caudal limit and whether the adult TFM male still contained guvernacular bulk. The length of the processus vaginalis was measured, and the presence of a differentiated cremaster muscle was determined histologically. In 10 adult female mice there was neither a processus vaginalis nor a cremaster muscle, and the gubernaculum (round ligament of the ovary) attached to the external inguinal ring. In 10 adult TFM mice the gubernaculum ended at or just beyond the external ring, and was present in an amount corresponding to its size at the end of the outgrowth phase of development, with secondary infiltration by fat. The processus vaginalis was poorly developed, the cremaster muscle was undifferentiated, and there was no eversion of the cremaster sac. In 10 normal adult male mice the gubernaculum and testis had migrated to the scrotum, and the gubernaculum had regressed fully. Because gubernacular development in the androgen‐resistant mouse ceases after termination of transabdominal testicular migration, the anatomy of the adult confirms that, in the mouse, normal androgenic function is essential for eversion of the cremaster sac and gubernacular migration beyond the groin to the genital fold

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1993.tb01365.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1993.tb01366.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY