ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00554.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seventy‐one infertile men were studied for the presence of seminal leucocytosis, and for the levels of acid phosphatase activity and Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies of IgA class using a novel method of solid‐phase radioimmunoassay. The findings were compared with those of 56 fertile men. Chlamydial IgA antibodies were found in the semen of 51.1 % of infertile men with seminal leucocytosis and decreased seminal acid phosphatase activity, i.e. those defined as having asymptomatic chronic prostatitis. This frequency was significantly higher than among fertile men (23.2%,P<0.01) and those infertile men who had no signs of chronic prostatitis (26.9%,P<0.05). It is concluded that Chlamydia trachomatis seems to be a common cause of prostatitis and may also interfere with fertil

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Testicular biopsies from 8 pre‐pubertal boys aged 3 1/2–11 years, with undescented testes, were incubated in vitro with [3H]progesterone (P). All boys had been treated with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) during the 5 weeks prior to surgery. Four boys were operated within 4 days of the last injection and the remaining 4 at 12 days, 14 days, 6 months and 12 months, respectively, after hormone treatment. Significant steroid metabolic activity was demonstrated in all cases. Biopsies taken a short time after hCG‐treatment (1–4 days), when blood testosterone levels were high, exhibited a high capacity for metabolizing progesterone in vitro with a low ratio of formed 20α‐dihydroprogesterone (20α‐DH‐P) to 17α‐hydroxyprogesterone (17α‐OH‐P), when compared to biopsies removed from subjects 12–14 days after cessation of treatment. In the latter cases and in biopsies taken at longer intervals after hormone treatment, the metabolic activity and the 20α‐DH‐P/17α‐OH‐P ratio had returned to levels characteristic of untreated pre‐pubertal cryptorchid testes. These findings indicate that the use of hCG to provoke descent of the malpositioned testes does not result in long‐lastin

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00556.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Testicular biopsy specimens from 28 boys with undescended testis, and from 6 men operated post‐pubertally for undescended testis, were incubated in vitro with [3H]progesterone (P). Significant steroid metabolic activity was demonstrated in all biopsies. Before puberty the total conversion rate was low and only a small amount of 17α‐hydroxy‐progesterone (17α‐OH‐P) was formed. The amount of newly formed 20α‐dihydro‐progesterone (20α‐DH‐P) was relatively constant regardless of increasing maturity. After puberty the total conversion rate was higher. More 17α‐OH‐P was synthesized, and the ratio between formed 20α‐DH‐P and 17α‐OH‐P decreased significantly. The position of the undescended testis did not appear to influence progesterone metabolism. In no case could we demonstrate deficient steroidogenesis. In one 17‐year old boy the 20α‐DH‐P/17α‐OH‐P ratio was lower in the undescended testis (0.9) than in the scrotal testis (4.0) suggesting increased steroidogenesis per mg tissue in the malpositioned testis. The indication from the present study, that even grossly displaced testes have a relatively undisturbed steroidogenic capability, suggests that the reason for impaired descent may not simply reflect disturbed andro

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00557.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Centrifugation of human spermatozoa on BWW‐ or HEPES‐Krebs‐Ringer‐buffered media containing Percoll as a method to prepare pure gamete populations or subpopulations has been studied in detail. Application of this technique (Gorus&Pipeleers 1981) allowed us to obtain uncontaminated, motile spermatozoa and, after a subsequent Percoll gradient step, resulted in the enrichment of motile cells able to readily penetrate in vitro into AB‐serum filled capillaries. The gradient sedimentation patterns of 25 different sperm samples with normal seminal parameters were found to be strongly influenced by the characteristics of the sample itself and also by the buffer used for filtration. However, the present study also revealed that ultrastructural changes and the release of intraspermatozoal enzymes were induced by the procedure. It is concluded that, although of interest clinically, the Percoll filtration technique in its present form is probably of limited value for cell biological and/or ultrastructura

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00558.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A systematic study of the concentration, motility and morphology of epididymal spermatozoa was undertaken in mice of the OF1 strain, in order to characterize the changes observed during puberty. The comparative development of these 3 parameters was followed from days 30 to 90. A detailed morphological system of classification was established covering both individual and multiple abnormalities. At puberty, the first spermatozoa to appear were few in number, showed poor motility and were extremely atypical. Subsequently, the number of atypically‐shaped spermatozoa diminished, and their concentration and motility exhibited parallel increases. At 60 days, the values for these 3 parameters and the proportions of normal and abnormal spermatozoa became stable. During puberty, various forms of disruption of the midpiece as well as the presence of extremely atypical detached flagella resulted in a special pattern of sperm morphology, although all of these abnormal features disappeared at 40 day

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00559.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Continuous administration of LHRH agonists in high doses disrupts pituitary and testicular function, thus providing an approach to male fertility control. However, testosterone supplementation is required to prevent the side effects associated with low androgen concentrations resulting from chronic LHRH agonist treatment. Three adult male rhesus monkeys were treated with the LHRH agonist, Buserelin, using osmotic minipumps implanted subcutaneously. Testosterone was administered simultaneously via Silastic capsules. This combined treatment led to a marked decrease in testicular volume, and all animals were oligospermic within 8–15 weeks of treatment. Azoospermia was, however, not achieved even after 22 weeks of treatment although in a previous study in which the LHRH agonist had been administered alone, azoospermia had been achieved after 8–10 weeks. It is concluded that in this primate species testosterone supplementation attenuates the suppressive effects of LHRH agonist infusion on spermatogene

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00560.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the rat seminiferous epithelium the Sertoli‐Sertoli interspaces can be regarded as ending at the surface of basal germ cells as well as at the basement membrane. The relationship between these basal endings (BEs) of the Sertoli‐Sertoli interspaces and the basal germ cells was examined using the electron microscope. The number of BEs in a given area of the seminiferous epithelium was counted and found to be constant throughout the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. Undifferentiated spermatogonia had contact with very few BEs while differentiating type A spermatogonia at stage VII and later during the cycle seemed to be associated with a maximum of BEs. As type A spermatogonia developed to intermediate spermatogonia, type B spermatogonia, and preleptotene spermatocytes, the average number of BEs per cell decreased exponentially. Thin, fingerlike cell projections emerged from the differentiating type A and intermediate spermatogonia along the basement membrane. These projections were associated with BEs. It is concluded that a specific stage‐dependent topographical arrangement is established between Sertoli cells and germ cells long before the first synchronous division of type A spermatogonia takes place. The significance of this arrangement is disc

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00561.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Protein carboxyl methylase (PCM) and its substrate(s), methyl acceptor protein(s) (MAP), are present in the spermatozoa of rat, rabbit and man. In the present study, PCM activity and MAP capacity were measured in homogenates of hamster testes and isolated spermatozoa, and found to be similar to those of other species. Using solubilized preparations of spermatozoa from the cauda epididymis of hamster, PCM activity was twice as high in sperm tails as in heads while the reverse was true for MAP capacity. Since in this and in previous studies this enzyme reaction has been measured in broken cells, we thought it pertinent to measure methylation under physiological conditions (i.e., in motile spermatozoa). To accomplish this, an assay was developed which depends upon the conversion of [3H‐methyl]methionine to S‐adenoxyl‐L [methyl‐3H]methionine which, in turn, serves as a methyl donor for PCM. In sperm that had been labelled with [3H]methionine the MAP for the endogenous methylation reaction was not solubilized with Triton X‐100, and was found primarily in sperm tails. When hamster spermatozoa were incubated in medium containing taurine, epinephrine and bovine serum albumin to induce capacitation, endogenous methylation was stimulated 8‐ to 9‐fold; when taurine was omitted from this medium, methylation was stimulated 14‐fold. Taurine, however, was essential for in vitro fertilization as the number of eggs fertilized declined from 92% in complete medium to 0% in medium minus taurine. The decrease in fertilization rate was also associated with a decrease in sperm motility. In previous studies we have demonstrated an association between PCM and sperm motility, and have suggested that this enzyme system could be involved in other functions such as the acrosome reaction. From the results in the present study we conclude that the conditions that lead to capacitation in vitro are associated with a marked change in endogenous protein carbo

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00562.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY