ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1992.tb01117.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe short‐term metabolic effects of testosterone treatment on circulating levels of 1,25–dihydroxyvitamin D and insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) were studied in 13 hypogonadal men. The study group included 11 men with Klinefelter's syndrome, with varying degree of androgen deficiency, and two men with secondary hypogonadism.Pretreatment levels of 1,25–dihydroxyvitamin D, vitamin D‐binding protein and IGF‐binding protein‐I were all within the normal range. The levels of IGF‐I were lower than normal in 5/11 of the Klinefelter patients and in one patient with GH‐deficiency. Testosterone treatment increased circulating total 1,25–dihydroxyvitamin D significantly from 75 ± 4 pmol l‐1(mean ± SEM) to 86 ± 4 (P<0.01) and the free 1,25–dihydroxyvitamin D‐index from 1.95 ± 0.11 to 2.39 ± 0.12 (P<0.01). Serum levels of IGF‐I increased from 117 ± 22 ug/l to 143 ± 23 (P<0.01) during androgen treatment. No significant effects on levels of IGF‐binding protein‐I were seen.It is concluded that androgen therapy increases the availability of 1,25–dihydroxyvitamin D and the level of IGF‐I, which may be

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1992.tb01118.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySperm chromatin stability and zinc binding properties were studied in semen samples from 115 men living in barren unions. Of these men, 26|X% had a high proportion of swelling sperm, i.e. less than 80|X% sperm with stable chromatin after exposure to the detergent sodium dodecyl sulphate. From 2–67|X% of seminal zinc was bound to high molecular weight ligands of vesicular origin (HMW). This shows that, among infertile men, liquefied seminal plasma has huge variations in zinc chelating properties. The relationship between prostatic palpatory status, the proportion of abnormal sperm, the percentage zinc bound to HMW (HMW‐Zn), the time between ejaculation and analysis and chromatin stability were studied. Samples with low chromatin stability were found more frequently in men with low HMW‐Zn levels in semen. The proportion of stable sperm decreased in samples with prolonged exposure to seminal plasma. Neither the proportion of stable sperm heads nor the percentage zinc bound to HMW could be used to predict the future chances of the infertile men fathering children when studied 15–180 min after ejaculation. To differentiate between initial zinc‐dependent stability and superstability developed in seminal plasma, other more sensitive methods must be

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1992.tb01119.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPassive immunization of adult male hamsters for 12 weeks against peptide (As‐PIP), a sperm coating antigen, resulted in selective elevation of the blood levels of FSH, impairment of spermatogenesis, and complete infertility when males were mated with normal cycling females. Passive immunization of male marmosets with As‐PIP for 8 weeks was also effective and was reversible, without causing any obvious change in mating behaviour. These preliminary studies in hamsters and marmosets indicate that antibodies to a prostatic ‘inhibin’ peptide represent a promising new approach to male contra

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1992.tb01120.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe objective of the present experiments was to study the effect of sperm velocity as a single variable on the ability of sperm to penetrate cervical mucus in a modified Kremer test. Sperm incubated at 13, 22 and 37d̀C exhibited progressive velocities of 25±1.7, 40±2.1 μ sec‐1(mean±SEM, n = 6) respectively, but the percentage of progressively motile sperm, their lateral head displacement and the viscoelastic properties of cervical mucus remained comparatively unchanged over this temperature range. The number of sperm which penetrated the mucus and the percentage of successful collisions were correlated strongly with the average velocity of the sperm population (r = 0.82 and r = 0.72 respectively).It is concluded that sperm velocity has an important influence on the penetration of cervical mucus because it governs the frequency of collisions with the mucus interface and is determined by the thrust generated by the flagellum which also determines the ability of the sperm to traverse the mucus int

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1992.tb01121.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled multicentre study, the effect of luteinizing‐hormone‐releasing‐hormone (LHRH) in 141 boys was analysed after 4–week treatment period with 0.4 mg LHRH nasal spray or placebo nasal spray three times daily. Data from 123 boys was analysed, with 62 boys in the treatment group and 61 in the placebo group. Full response i.e. the testis at the bottom of the scrotum onbothsides in boys with bilaterally undescended testes, was found in six patients, one of them in the placebo group [Therapeutic gain of LHRH with 95% CI: 8.1% (0.1–16.6%, P = 0.12)]. Only in these boys could surgery be avoided. Considering the number of testes (and not the number of boys) a significant effect was found on at least one testis in 25% of boys with bilaterally undescended testes [Therapeutic gain with 95% CI: 24.0% (13.2–34.8%, P = 0.001)]. In unilateral undescended testes, the LHRH treatment showed no effect (P = 1.00). The inclusion of retractile testes did not affect our results. In our opinion LHRH has a limited place in treatment of the non

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1992.tb01122.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe influence of co‐cultures of rat testicular macrophages and Leydig cells (LC) on LC morphology and steroidogenesis was investigated with and without macrophage stimulation by a bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LC showed an elongated form in the presence of stimulated testicular macrophages. In the presence of non‐stimulated testicular macrophages a significant inhibition of testosterone production was observed (decrease of 33%) from 48 h in co‐culture while an increase of 16% was obtained at the same culture time, after stimulation of macrophages by LPS. When LC were treated with testicular macrophage‐conditioned media (MCM) obtained from LPS‐treated macrophages, they became fusiform and there was stimulation (78%) of steroid production. After human FSH stimulation (1 ‐1000 mIU m1,‐1), MCM from testicular macrophages was no more effective in enhancing testosterone production by LC than was media from untreated LC. Similar experiments with LPS were conducted with macrophages of peritoneal origin. Peritoneal macrophages stimulated or not by LPS in co‐cultures with LC or peritoneal MCM did not significantly modify testosterone production. However, these cells were able to modify LC morphology when LPS‐MCM was added to LC‐culture medium. The present results suggest strongly that testicular macrophage‐LC interactions could be important in the control

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1992.tb01123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe effect of a deficiency of ascorbic acid (AsA) on in‐vivo testosterone production in mature male rats was investigated using a mutant strain of rats (ODS rats) unable to synthesize AsA. Male 60–day‐old rats were fed AsA‐deficient lab chow for 28 days with [ODS(+)] or without [ODS(‐)]AsA supply. The AsA levels in the liver of ODS(‐) rats were undetectable and those in the testes decreased to about 25% of those in ODS(+) rats by day 28. Plasma LH levels in ODS(‐) rats decreased to about 30% of those in ODS(+) rats by day 28. However, there were no significant differences in the plasma levels of testosterone, or in the relative weights of seminal vesicles and ventral prostates between ODS(+) and ODS(‐) rats. Plasma levels of testosterone in ODS(‐) rats after a single injection of 200 IU hCG changed similarly to that in ODS(+) rats. The metabolic clearance rate of testosterone was also the same at 60 min after an intravenous injection of [3H]testosterone in both groups. These results indicate that AsA‐deficiency in adult rats causes no significant change in basal plasma levels of testosterone or in the response to hCG, despite decreas

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1992.tb01124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAdult rats were treated with ethane dimethane sulphonate (EDS) to eliminate the Leydig cells. This treatment resulted in very low levels of testosterone in the blood and in the testis. Furthermore, histological evaluation of spermatogenesis showed no marked differences between control and EDS‐treated animals.In the ventral prostate, 5 days after EDS‐treatment, a 4.0 ± 0.3–fold up‐regulation of androgen receptor (AR) mRNA was observed, together with a 2.2 ± 0.2–fold increase in actin mRNA. In the epididymis, a 2.0 ± 0.5–fold increase in AR mRNA level was observed, without a change in actin mRNA level. In the testes of EDS‐treated rats, the AR mRNA level was not changed (1.02 ± 0.17–fold of controls), and there was also no change in actin mRNA level at 5 days after EDS‐treatment. These results indicate that AR mRNA expression in the ventral prostate and epididymis is regulated differentially by testosterone when compared to regulation in the testis.Testicular androgen binding sites were assayed by Scatchard analysis of the binding of3H‐R1881 to a nuclear fraction, that was isolated by a method which involved the use of liquid nitrogen and high sucrose buffer. The number of specific binding sites per testis in EDS‐treated rats with testosterone‐implants, remained unaltered compared to control rats (9.1 ± 1.4 pmol/testis). In these rats, 20% of the normal testicular testosterone level was sufficient to maintain the androgen receptor in a tight nuclear binding (transformed) form. In testes from EDS‐treated rats without testosterone‐implants, the AR did not fractionate into the nuclear fraction; however, the total testicular AR content in these animals was close to control levels, as measured by nuclear3H‐R1881 binding after receptor transformation through injection of a high dose of testosterone (10 mg) 2 h before killing the rats (testosterone pulse). In the different experimental groups, FSH was not required to maintain the total test

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1992.tb01125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-6263    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1992.tb01126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY