ISSN:0012-1630    

DOI:10.1002/dev.420070402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0012-1630    

DOI:10.1002/dev.420070403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0012-1630    

DOI:10.1002/dev.420070404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFemale sexual behavior was studied in male and female rats. Males were castrated on the day of birth (Day 1); some received ovarian implants at that time; others were injected on Day 3 with oil, 5 μg testosterone propionate (TP), or 50 μg TP. Females were ovariectomized at birth, 20, or 60 days of age; on Day 3 all were injected with oil, 5 μg, TP, or 50 μg TP. Prepuberal ovarian tenancy in females tended to counteract the effects on sexual receptivity of TP administered during neonatal life. In males ovarian implants facilitated female sexual behavior at adulthood in oil‐injected animals, but did not significantly influence the effect on neonatally inject

ISSN:0012-1630    

DOI:10.1002/dev.420070405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0012-1630    

DOI:10.1002/dev.420070406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVariables influencing the development of dustbathing in Bobwhite quail chicks were investigated in 3 studies. Study 1 showed the development to be a complex function of age of the chick, the amount of experience the chick has had with dust, and the texture of the dust. Chicks generally dustbathed at an earlier age in fine than in coarse dust. In Study 2, a different Age x Experience developmental pattern was found for dustbathing in chicks from a different strain of Bobwhite quail. In Study 3, chicks experienced in dustbathing were found to facilitate significantly the development of dustbathing in naive chicks. These studies indicate that the development of dustbathing is not simply age or maturation dependent, but is a function of a number of important variables, both genetic and experiential.

ISSN:0012-1630    

DOI:10.1002/dev.420070407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMother rats were either adequately fed or were undernourished during much of pregnancy and throughout lactation. Both control (C) and undernourished (UN) offspring had free access to food from weaning. Rats were tested between 15 and 27 weeks of age. During repeated exposures on the same day in a rectangular observation box, UN rats moved about more and reared on their hind legs more often than controls, but defecated less frequently. Two measures of exploratory behavior, tendency to emerge from a familiar to an unfamiliar area and responsiveness to a novel object, did not differentiate the 2 groups, nor did control and UN rats differ in the rate at which they pressed a lever to produce a light stimulus in a dark Skinner box. These and other long‐term, activity studies indicate that previously undernourished rats are more active than controls in familiar, nonstressful situation

ISSN:0012-1630    

DOI:10.1002/dev.420070408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe IQ frequency distribution of 78 unaffected siblings of patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) differed significantly from the normal population (X2= 43.42,df= 5,p<.0001). The excessive number of superior IQ'sof this distribution apparently was not a function of superior families. The low intersibling correlation,r= .13, suggests a difference between carriers and noncarriers of the disease PKU. Because the proportion of high IQ's approaches the expected percentage of homozygotes or noncarriers for the disease, heterozygotes for PKU may be suffering a functional disadvantage.A theory is presented on the possible importance of genetic‐recessive diseases whose carriers are at an intellectual disadvantage, thereby requiring compensatory genetic mechanism

ISSN:0012-1630    

DOI:10.1002/dev.420070409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCats were allowed to move about freely from birth to 18 months with one eye open; the other eye was open during daily 1‐hr periods of binocular exposure in a holder, but was deprived of all visual‐motor experience. Focal vision failed to develop in the deprived eye (DE): (1) the DE's guidance deficit was especially pronounced for targets in the central field and in the photopic light range (it was much smaller in the periphery and in the mesopic range); (2) conjugate eye control, required for binocular fixation of objects in focal viewing, was disrupted by strabismus (squint); and (3) focal vision's identification function was virtually absent in the DE—it showed only slight recognition of patterns learned by the experienced eye (EE) and little ability to learn to identify them i

ISSN:0012-1630    

DOI:10.1002/dev.420070410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe chronic ingestion of .5% butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) by pregnant mice and their offspring resulted in a variety of behavioral changes. Compared to controls, BHA‐treated offspring showed increased exploration, decreased sleeping, decreased self‐grooming, slower learning, and a decreased orientation reflex. BHT‐treated offspring showed decreased sleeping, increased social and isolation‐induced aggression, and a severe deficit in l

ISSN:0012-1630    

DOI:10.1002/dev.420070411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY