摘要:

AbstractThe White PaperYoung Offendersdeliberately avoids any attempt at establishing a definite philosophical framework within which to develop a rationally based system of custodial measures. Whilst it can be regarded as moving towards a “justice” model in proposing the abolition of borstal training, when taken together with its other provisions there are strong indications of a deeply rooted ambivalence. To advocate greater use of non‐custodial measures whilst at the same time proposing measures apparently designed to ensure an increase in the use of custodial sentences borders on the schizophrenic. In short, whilst some of the proposals are to be welcomed, the total package is likely to prove retrogre

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1981.tb00427.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt is widely believed that probation officers have less influence, status and visibility in the criminal courts than hitherto, and that in some instances their relationship with the bench has declined to near‐estrangement. These changes are analysed in an historical and theoretical context; and against the touchstone of a virtually unchanging bench, the bureaucratisation of the justices' clerk and the professionalisation, bureaucratisation and increased executive accountability of the probation service are explored for explanation of the decline. Elements of a tentative solution to the problem involving organisational change and a reconceptualisation of the relationship between the bench and the probation service are offered for discussio

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1981.tb00428.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1981.tb00429.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:The Coining Penal Crisis: a Criminological and Theological Exploration edited by A. E. Bottoms and R. H. Preston.Principles of Sentencing (2nd ed.) by D. A. Thomas.Towards Practice Theory: Skills and Methods in Social Assessments by K. Curnock and P. Hardiker.

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1981.tb00430.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1981.tb00431.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1981.tb00432.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1981.tb00433.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBy 1835 it was very widely believed by penal theorists and administrators that Scottish prisons had remained customary, idiosyncratic, unregulated anachronisms in the era of the Howardian and Separate Systems of penitential discipline. The State consequently appointed an Inspector who directed a very skilful attack against these prisons on ideological grounds. This attack was successful, and resulted in a penal revolution in Scotland. Thus there were established wholly new mechanisms of government which operated to impose both the Howardian and Separate Systems upon Scottish Prisons, and to annihilate all remnants of penal practice which did not conform with these ideologies.

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1981.tb00434.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractContrary to popular belief, events which can be defined as criminal are not exceptional and cannot be considered to be of a more problematic nature to people than numerous other types of events. Several attempts have been made to control and reduce activities of the criminal justice system (c.j.s.) in dealing with such events, however without much success. This makes it necessary to examine more closely what kind of social systems are most suitable to deal with events which are considered problematic. Three main reasons why the c.j.s. seems “problematic” as a system of social control are: it causes unnecessary suffering which is also unequally divided; it offers little influence to those directly involved: it seems difficult to control.The main question facing those who are involved in penal reform is not how to provide the c.j.s. with a more adequate set of sanctions, but how to promote a better way of tackling very divergent problems and how to minimise the social problems which are caused by the c.j.s. as it presently opera

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1981.tb00435.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent developments in the estimation of incapacitation are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to two reports, the first being that of some British incapacitation research (Brody and Tarling 1980), and the second reporting a Californian investigation of prisoners' self‐report of their criminal careers (Petersonet al.1980). The British work is extensively criticised. Petersonet al.'s study is commended as valuable research which, however, does not enable accurate estimates of the incapacitative effects of imprisonment to be mad

ISSN:0265-5527    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2311.1981.tb00436.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY