摘要:

AbstractMit Hilfe einer polarographischen O2‐Meßanordnung im geschlossenen System wurde die Fähigkeit von nicht‐wachsenden Zellen vonAc. calcoaceticusfür die Veratmung vonn‐Alkanen und deren Derivaten untersucht. Die Bakterien waren auf Hexadecan kultiviert, in der logarithmischen Phase geerntet und 2 Std. lang zur Substratverarmung in C‐freiem Medium inkubiert worden. Die initialen Atmungsraten mitn‐Alkanen als Substrat sinken vom Ende der log‐Phase an kontinuierlich ab. Mit steigender Tetradecan‐Konzentration folgen die Atmungsraten Sättigungskurven (bis etwa 2 · 10−5M), bei weiterer Erhöhung gibt es es ein Minimum (bei etwa 10−4M) und dann wieder einen erneuten Anstieg ohne erkennbare Sättigung. Bis zum Ende der Oxydation werden pro Mol Tetradecan etwa 10 Mol O2verbraucht; das entspricht einer Oxydation über das Acetat hinaus, aber nicht bis zu Kohlendioxid/Wasser. Die Atmungsraten steigen bei gleichen molaren Konzentrationen mit der Kettenlänge der Alkane an, und zwar stärker als es dem erhöhtem O2‐Bedarf, der durch die Kettenverlängerung bedingt ist, entspricht. Es werden auch mittelkettigen‐Alkane (bis herunter zum Hexan) veratmet, obwohl diese nicht als C‐Quelle genutzt werden können. Derivate dern‐Alkane werden ebenfalls veratmet, nur l,ω‐Dibrom‐Alkane werden nicht umgesetzt. Für die Alkane sowie für die meisten der Derivate wird die Fähigkeit zur Oxydation durch Kultivierung aufn‐Alkanen erst induziert. Alkanole und Alkanone können in geringerem Umfange allerdings auch nach Wachstum auf Acetat veratmet werd

ISSN:0044-2208    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.19770170602

出版商:Akademie‐Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new speciesTorulopsis armentiKocková‐Kratochvilová, SlávikováetBeránek isolated from brain, liver, and kidney of cattle, which perished of a nervous disease, is des

ISSN:0044-2208    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.19770170603

出版商:Akademie‐Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDuring application of D‐glucose‐u‐14C paromomycine II is higher labelled and shows a different dependence on the application time than paromomycine I, which is isomer at the paromose partFor the two paromose isomeres different rates of synthesis are supposed that change nonproportionally to each other. The distribution of radioactivity in paromomycine I shows that there is no fragmentation of the glucose chain during the biosynthesis of glucosamine, ribose, and paromose I. As to the 2‐deoxystreptamine the result has not been asce

ISSN:0044-2208    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.19770170604

出版商:Akademie‐Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStaphylococcus aureusstrains of different host‐adapted variants (MEYER 1966) have been tested for their ability to use inorganic sulfur sources. All the 25 strains tested were able to utilize sodium sulfide as sulfur source in a medium similar to that described by KLOOS and PATTEE (1965). UsingS. aureusstrain 116/74 grown in a medium containing Na235S as the only sulfur source we studied incorporation and insertion of inorganic sulfide into sulfur containing amino acids. In disintegrated and fractionated cellular material we could find35S labelled homocystine and methionine as major compounds, and cystine, cysteic acid, homocysteic acid, and ß‐sulphopyruvate as minor compounds. The occurrence of homocystine and the sulfonic acids in bacterial proteins is rather unco

ISSN:0044-2208    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.19770170605

出版商:Akademie‐Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDNase deficient mutants ofProteus mirabilisselected for reduced toluene induced DNA degradation were isolated. Their defect in DNA degradation was shown not only after treatment by toluene but also in crude extracts after cell disintegration by ultrasonic and in untreated starved cultures. The degradation mutants behave just as the wild type with respect to theirin vivofunctions proofed. The results indicate that the affected DNase does not have an essential functionin vivobut acts in postmortem DNA degradation. Probably, the DNase in question concerns the endonuclease I ofP. mirabilisdescribed by GOEBEL and HELINSKI (1971 a, b).

ISSN:0044-2208    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.19770170606

出版商:Akademie‐Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe influence of violamycin B I on the process of excision repair of DNA‐damages after UV‐irradiation has been studied by observing the capacity to rejoin single‐strand breaks introduced in the DNA at the beginning of the repair process. The number of single‐strand breaks remaining unrepaired in the DNA was higher in presence of violamycin B I. Sedimentation analysis of the DNA of unirradiated cells showed in presence of violamycin B I only a small change in the molecular weightAs a possible reason for the lower capacity of the cells to accomplish repair steps following incision in presence of violamycin B I an inhibition of the function of repair enzymes by interaction of the antibiotic with the DNA‐template is

ISSN:0044-2208    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.19770170607

出版商:Akademie‐Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractYeast lytic system produced byArthrobacterGJM‐1 bacterium during growth on baker's yeast cell walls contains a complete set of enzymes which can hydrolyze all structural components of cell walls ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae. Chromatographic fractionation of the lytic system showed the presence of two types of endo‐ß‐1,3‐glucanase. Rapid lysis of isolated cell walls of yeast was induced only by endo‐ß‐1,3‐glucanase exhibiting high affinity to insoluble ß‐1,3‐glucans and releasing laminaripentaose as the main product of hydrolysis of ß‐1,3‐glucans. This enzyme was able to lyse intact cells ofS. cerevisiaeonly in the presence of an additional factor present in theArthrobacterGJM‐1 lytic system, which was identified as an alkaline protease. This enzyme possesses the lowest molecular weight among other identified enzyme components present in the lytic system. Its role in the solubilization of yeast cell walls from the outer surface by endo‐ß‐1,3‐glucanase could be substituted by preincubation of cells with Pronase or by allowing the glucanase to act on cells in the presence of thiol reagents. The mechanism of lysis of intact cells and isolated cell walls by the enzymes ofArthrobacterGJM‐1 is discussed in the light of the present con

ISSN:0044-2208    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.19770170608

出版商:Akademie‐Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0044-2208    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.19770170609

出版商:Akademie‐Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0044-2208    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.19770170610

出版商:Akademie‐Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo groups of lithotrophic bacteria, the existence of which may be expected on evolutionary and thermodynamical grounds, have not yet been detected: (A) photosynthetic, anaerobic, ammonia bacteria, analogous to coloured sulphur bacteria, and (B) chemosynthetic bacteria that oxidize ammonia to nitrogen with O2or nitrate as oxidant.

ISSN:0044-2208    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.19770170611

出版商:Akademie‐Verlag    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY