摘要:

An important programme of biomonitoring along the coast of Algeciras Bay (Straits of Gibraltar) has allowed us tentatively to consider six species of boring sponges of the genusClionaas biological indicators:Cliona celata, C. viridis, C. rhodensis, C. vermifera, C. schmidtiandC. vastifica.The taxonomy and distribution of these species have been considered in this paper. Ecological observations have permitted us to identify some important characteristics of their habitat on the basis of local environmental parameters.Cliona viridisandC. celatawithstand sedimentation higher than 7 gr/m2and a solid suspension of 38 mg/1.Cliona vermiferaandC. schmidtidid not tolerate sedimentation higher than 1 gr/m2. One of these,C. vermiferaHancock, is recorded for the first time in the Iberian Peninsula.

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1994.tb00329.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Within the Murinae (Muridae: Rodentia), the African rats of thePraomysgroup, whose systematics has been studied through different approaches, have raised numerous taxonomic problems. Different taxa related toPraomyshave successively been described, among whichMastomys, MyomysandHylomyscuswere considered either as separate genera or subgenera ofPraomys.In order to clarify the relationships within thePraomysgroup, we conducted a series of DNA/DNA hybridization experiments involving different species ofPraomys, Mastomys, MyomysandHylomyscusplus other Murinae and a Cricetomyinae. This study indicates that thePraomyscomplex is a monophyletic entity clearly separated from the other African and Asian Murinae. IfMastomysandHylomyscusappeared to be independent genera, the taxonomic situation ofPraomysandMyomysis more difficult to ascertain. Indeed,Praomys tullbergiappears more closely related toMyomys daltonithan to another species ofPraomys, namelyP. jacksoni, suggesting paraphyly forPraomys.Furthermore,P. jacksoniis as distant fromP. tullbergias from any species ofMastomys.Additional species ofPraomysand, especially, ofMyomys, are needed for reaching a definitive conclusion on these latter taxa. ThePraomysgroup is more related toMusthan toRattus.To calibrate our molecular distances with geological time, we used a dating of 10 Myr for theMusi Rattusdichotomy. The inferred rate of molecular evolution suggests a dating ofc.8 Myr for the separation of thePraomysgroup from theMuslineage.

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1994.tb00330.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two monotypic genera of coccosteoid eubrachythoracid arthrodires are described from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia asCompagopiscisgen. nov. andGogopiscisgen. nov. They are most closely related toTorosteusGardiner&Miles, also from the Gogo Formation, and all three are placed in the family Plourdosteidae Vezina, 1990;CompagopiscisandGogopiscisare jointly the sister‐group ofTorosteu

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1994.tb00331.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Five species of sea skaters, genusHalobatesEschscholtz, are the only insects to have successfully colonized the open ocean. In addition, 38 species are found in sheltered coastal waters throughout tropical Indo‐Pacific. The taxonomy of the genus is relatively well known, and the phylogeneuc relationships between extant species have recently been analysed (using cladistic methods). In the present paper, we describe the first fossil species of sea skaters,Halobates ruffoisp. no v. from the Eocene deposit ‘Pesciara di Bolca’, in the province of Verona, northeastern Italy (geological age about 45 Myr). The significance of this fossil in setting the time scale for the reconstructed phylogeny and anagenesis of adaptive features of sea skaters, and in understanding the evolution and historical zoogeography of these marine insects is disc

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1994.tb00332.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The anatomy of the anabantoid fishLuciocephalusis reinvestigated and the ontogeny of certain character complexes is described for the first time.Luciocephaluspossesses the following previously unrecognized or equivocally interpreted anatomical characters: a clearly separate ectopterygoid bone, pharyngeal processes of the basioccipital, a toothless pharyngeal process of the parasphenoid, an infrapharyngobranchial I and an endoskeletal mental ossification. In addition, aspects of the ontogeny of the hyopalatine arch in the belontiidsBelontia, TrichogasterandCtenopsare described. Species of these three genera all possess an ectopterygoid bone previously thought to be lacking in the family Belontiidae. The significance of the results for reconstructing interrelationships of the anabantoid families and the phylogenetic position ofLuciocephalusis discussed. A revised hypothesis of anabantoid intrarelationships is presented. Four synapomorphic characters indicate thatLuciocephalusis more closely related to the Belontiidae (includingOsphronemus)rather than forming the sister group of all other anabantoids.

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1994.tb00333.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY