摘要:

The skulls of 387 shrews of the genusCrocidurasampled in peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Java and Sulawesi were submitted to principal component and stepwise discriminant analyses. These analyses helped to delineate morphological taxa in this species‐rich genus of mammals. Most morphologic groups could be attributed to described species, except one taxon from Sumatra and one from Sulawesi, which are described and named as new. Most of the 21 species recognized in this paper are endemic to one major island. Although Sulawesi has never been connected to the mainland, it supports at least six species, followed by Sumatra (5–6 species), Java and the Malay Peninsula (4 spp) and Borneo (3 spp).C. monticolais apparently the only widespread species whose distribution range covers the entire Malay Archipelago except the Philippines and Sulawesi. In contrast, the continentalC. fuliginosaenters only marginally into the Sunda Shelf: its southernmost record is on the Malay Peninsula. This interpretation is completely different from the classical view thatC. fuliginosais a cosmopolitan species occupying the whole of Southeast Asia. Identification keys, tables of measurements and discriminant functions provided in this work may aid in identification of the various species and subspecies ofCrociduraliving in the Malaya Archipel

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb02461.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The relationships of the nematocerous families of Diptera are cladistieally analysed using the parsimony programs PAUP and Hennig86. An extensive review, as well as a data matrix, is presented for 98 almost exclusively morphological characters (larva, 56; pupa, 6; adult, 36). Four infraorders are recognized,viz, Ptychopteromorpha, Culicomorpha, Blephariceromorpha, Bibionomorpha, and a clade containing the ‘higher Nematocera’ and Brachycera. Traditionally the family Nymphomyiidae or the infraorder Tipulomorpha (=Tipulidae, with or without Trichoceridae) are considered the most basal clade of the extant Diptera. On the basis of our cladistic analysis it is suggested that the Ptychopteromorpha‐Culicomorpha clade is the sister‐group of all other extant Diptera. We provide evidence that the Axymyiidae are part of a monophyletic Bibionomorpha. The latter infraorder is proposed as the sister‐group of the higher Nematocera and Brachycera. We transfer the Tipulidae (Tipulomorpha) to the higher Nematocera, at a position next to Trichoceridae and near the Anisopodidae‐Brachycera lineage. Previous hypotheses concerning nematocerous relationships a

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb02462.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY