摘要:

Jamaican Urocoptidae can be assigned to three subfamilies, the Urocoptinae Pilsbry 1902, Apominae Paul 1982 and Microceraminae Pilsbry 1902, on shell and anatomical characters. Urocoptinae are characterized by a cylindrical or conical decollate shell; genitalia with an elongate spermatheca and no penial retractor muscle; the left ocular retractor arising from the pharyngeal retractor and both oculars divided anteriorly; a short or long radula (L/W ≏ 5 or ≏ 10) with V‐shaped rows of teeth, no marginals and the mesocones and ectocones of laterals widely separated in alternating rows; and include the generaUrocoptisBeck,AnomaAlbers andSpirostemmaPilsbry&Vanatta. The Apominae are characterized by elongate‐cylindrical decollate shells; genitalia with a globular spermatheca and a penial retractor muscle; both ocular retractors arising from the pharyngeal and both divided anteriorly; an extremely long radula (L/W= 25–45) with narrow, weakly‐lobed centrals flanked by two enormous laterals with ectocones reduced or absent, and 4–9 marginals; and include the generaApomaBeck,MychostomaAlbers,GeoscalaPilsbry&Vanatta andSimplicervixPilsbry. The type species of the type genera of both subfamilies occur in Jamaica and their anatomy is described. Jamaican Microceraminae include one species,Microceramus gossei(Pfeiffer) which has a conical, entire shell; genitalia with an oval spermatheca and no penial retractor muscle; neither ocular retractor arising from the pharyngeal and neither branched anteriorly; a short radula (L/W ≏ 5) with straight rows of lateral teeth and no marginals. Cladistic analysis suggests thatMicroceramusis the most primitive genus; that within the UrocoptinaeAnomaandSpirostemmaare more closely related to each other than either is toUrocoptis; and that within the Apominae,Apomais less closely related toMychostoma, GeoscalaandSimplicervixthan they ar

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1983.tb00861.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An examination of 758Anthracocerosskins in eight major collections, leads us to recognize six taxa in five species within the genus:Anthracoceros coronatus, A. albirostris albimstris, A. a. convexus, A. malayanus, A. marchei and A. montani. The subspeciesA. malayanus deminutusSanft is considered invalid as are earlier erected subspecies ofA. albirostrison the South‐East Asian mainland and Indonesian islands. The previous arrangement, of species in whichA. coronatuswas conspecific withA. albirostris,resulted from a misinterpretation of relative sexual dimorphism in these species.Anthracoceros coronatusexhibits very limited sexual dimorphism in bill and casque shape and coloration whereas it is marked, and similar, in bothA. a. albirorostrisandA. a. convexuswhich differ much fromA. coronatusin both sexes. This is contrary to data presented, erroneously, in the standard hornbill taxonomy (Sanft, 1960).Supposed hybrid zones between the speciesA. coronatusandA. albirostris,and between the two subspecies ofA. albirostris,are discounted as being based on sightings on immature and/or abnormally pigmented individuals in the areas concerned. Size variation withinA. albirostrisis examined, indicating a north to south decrease in size withinA. a. albirostrisin compliance with Bergmann's Rule; and a random variation in size across the island distribution ofA. a. convexus.Extensive, but not exhaustive, synonomies are presented to clarify earlier problems created by the synonomy. Full plumage and soft part descriptions and measurements of wing, tail, tarsus, bill and casque are presented in support of our conclusions. Vernacular names, too, have caused confusion and we suggest names that will clarify the situation with the hornbills of the world in mind.Our data do not support the view that there is a unique immature plumage inA. coronatusandA. albirostris,involving black pigment on outer tail feathers. There is evidence, however, of a gradual loss of such pigmented feathers through life, the outer feathers being replaced before those closest to the central pair. We also note a clinal correlation in increasing occurrence of the black pigment on normally white tail feather tips inA. a. albirostrisfrom north to sout

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1983.tb00862.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two new genera and species of reptantic polystiliferous hoplonemerteans from the Great Barrier Reef province of Australia are described and illustrated.Urichonemertes pilorhynchus gen.etsp. nov.andXenonemertes rhamphocephalus gen.etsp. nov.are both placed in the family Drepanophoridae (Polystilifera: Eureptantia: Aequifurcata).

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1983.tb00863.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1983.tb00861a.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY