摘要:

Nine species of chromodorid nudibranchs are described including a new species ofDurvilledorisand a new species ofNoumea.TheNoumea purpureacolour group consists of five species with a pink, purple or reddish‐purple background and a median white line, sometimes broken. TheChromodoris decoracolour group also has white longitudinal lines with a pinkish background colour and usually an orange border. A non‐chromodorid juvenile, probably a species ofHexabranchus, is compared with the species of theC. decoracolour gr

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb01814.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Galeodea echinophorafed onEchinocardium cordatumin an aquarium. Every few days, eachG. echinophoraemerged from the sand and foraged for 1–3 h. On detecting anEchinocardium, theGaleodeastopped locomotion and attacked the buried prey from the surface of the sand. The proboscis was extended down to the prey and a small area of test was cleared of spines. A disc was cut out of the softened test, leaving a hole of about 2 mm in diameter. All flesh except the gut was removed from the prey, the entire procedure taking 50–180 min.OneGaleodea echinophoralaid 120 egg capsules on the side of the aquarium. These were kept at 13oC and hatched after 112–159 days. Within the capsule, veligers fed on the yolk cells of abortive embryos. Juveniles hatched at the crawling stage, and at first secreted strings of mucus acting as drogues, but after 1 day the juveniles crawled over the substratum. They readily attached themselves to adultEchinocardium cordatum, apparently feeding on the epithelium between the spines or tube feet. Dissection revealed entry of the acinar glands into the proboscis gland ducts, a widening of these ducts as they empty into the buccal cavity and a dorsal fold in the anterior oesophagus. Radular teeth and jaws ofGaleodeadiffer little among species; a taxonomic review of the genus is n

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb01815.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seventeen enzyme systems, representing 22 zones of activity, are surveyed in 20 species of Danainae (some represented by multiple samples) and one species of Acraeinae, by the technique of horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Descriptions of each of the enzyme systems is given, including a brief review of their use in previous lepidopteran electrophoretic investigations. Each currently recognized danaine taxon is considered from the viewpoint of whether or not it can be characterized using allozymes. Enzyme polymorphism in relation to average heterozygosity and population structure is discussed, as are the possible reasons for the observed allozymic differences between the N American and Australian populations of the monarch,Danaus plexippus.Finally, the potential for allozymic data in the classification of the Danainae is examined and it is concluded that such data are likely to be of most use at the generic level and below.

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb01816.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Observations were made in Fiji on the adaptive strategies of a marine gerrid,Halobates fijiensis, a species of the only genus of insects to have successfully colonized the open sea. The immature stages spend most of their time in flotillas on sheltered water close to mangroves, whereas adults usually occur singly and on both sheltered and open water behind the protecting reef systems. Wind has a decisive influence on the distribution ofH. fijiensis:in strong onshore winds, all stages, including adults, remain close to the shelter of mangroves, but in calm conditions, older immatures venture considerable distances from the mangroves.Halobates fijiensisfeed on floating, dead insects. Adults of the chironomid flyTanytarsus halophilae, whose larvae live on intertidal sea‐grasses, accounted for over 60% of the prey items recorded.Halobates fijiensisfeeds at around the time of high water, either as individuals or in small, well‐dispersed groups. Eggs are laid on intertidal turtle grass(Syringodium), green coralline algae(Halimeda)or occasionally coral rubble, at or shortly after the point of low water on days of extreme low spring tides.Halobates fijiensisis preyed upon by the robber‐flyClinopogon scalaris(Diptera: Asilidae). Field observations showed that there is a clear effect of group size on the distance at which an approaching predator model is det

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb01817.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY