摘要:

The family Comasteridae is divided into four subfamilies on the basis of syzygy positions in the division series and proximal arm. Use of this character results in major differences in perceived relationships between genera compared with that obtained when traditional subfamilial characters are used. The primary character previously used to determine comasterid subfamilies, cirrus ornamentation, is rejected as unimportant in recognizing taxa any higher than species. Seventeen genera, including a new genus from the tropical western Atlantic, and 99 species are now recognized in the Comasteridae. Four of these genera and five species cannot be placed within the newly diagnosed subfamilies. Characters of generic importance are considered to be pinnule comb form, mouth position and, to a lesser extent, the characters traditionally used to distinguish genera.

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb01183.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two new species of harpacticoid copepod belonging to the families Ameiridae and Ancorabolidae are fully described and illustrated.Pseudameria signyensissp. nov. is very similar toP. crassicomisSars but is distinguished from it by the presence of an extra seta on the inner border of the terminal segment of the endopodite of the fourth swimming leg.Laophontodes macropodiasp. nov. is distinguishable from all other species in the genus by the setal formula of the first four swimming legs but more particularly by the unique shape of the fifth leg.Idyellopsis typicaLang is by far the most abundant harpacticoid inhabiting sublittoral fine sand in Borg Bay, Signy Island, Antarctica. The female of this species is redescribed and the male described and illustrated for the first time.

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb01184.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Allometric and morphological characteristics of population samples ofTonicella marmoreafrom three sea lochs on the west coast of Scotland are described. The suitability of allometric relationships as taxonomic criteria are investigated by statistical comparisons of various regression constants, scatter diagrams and comparisons of curvature indices. Morphological characteristics such as ctenidia number and numbers of notches in the head and tail valves proved too variable to be regarded as diagnostic but they are useful taxonomic indicators. The need for all taxonomic characteristics to be derived from population samples is stressed and the use of valve and girdle sculpturing together with radula structure is emphasized.

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb01185.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Myrtnarachneis a genus of ant‐like salticids. Eight species were observed feeding, in nature, in Australia, Kenya, Malaysia and Sri Lanka, on varied types of insects but not ants. The behaviour ofM. lupata, from Australia, was studied in the laboratory. Predatory sequences were found to differ considerably from those of typical salticids. Attacking by lunging instead of leaping and the pronounced use of pre‐attack tapping are especially noteworthy. The unusual behaviour ofM. lupatawhen preying on insects is consistent with maintenance of ant mimicry.Myrmarachne lupataalso preys on the eggs of other spiders which it extracts from their nests. The males of many species have very large chelicerae, and the large chelicerae ofM. lupatamales influence the course of predatory sequences, with insects and with e

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb01186.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Using three mating‐treatment groups–pairing with a male for life, pairing with a male from adult emergence to first oviposition, and no pairing (virgin)–ofDysdercus cardinalisfemales in a laboratory study, the following results were obtained. Most of the virgin females did not lay eggs; those that did oviposited for the first time at a considerably older age than females in the other two groups. In a lifetime, females pairing with a male for life and those pairing with a male up to first oviposition produced essentially the same number of eggs, and this was more than 3.5 times the number of eggs laid by a virgin female. Virgin females produced an average of 1.3 clutches in a lifetime, compared with about 4.5 clutches produced by females in the other two groups. Reproductive span was significantly shorter, and fecundity per day of reproductive span significantly greater, for females pairing with males for life than for those pairing with a male up to first oviposition. Age at death was significantly different amongst females in different mating‐treatment groups. Virgin females had the longest life, followed by females pairing with a male up to first oviposition and females pairing with a male for life, in that order. There was a positive correlation between lifetime gross reproduction and age at death for females pairing with a male for life. There was no relationship between these two characters for females pairing with a male up to first oviposition. Both females pairing with a male for life and those pairing with a male to first oviposition exhibited a significant inverse relationship between fecundity per day and age at death. The results obtained indicate that (1) mating is a prerequisite for normal gonadal activity inDysdercus cardinalis, and (2) repetitive mating increases the rate of reproduction. This would reduce the mean age of parenthood which is inversely related to the intrinsic rate of i

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1986.tb01187.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY