摘要:

Recent work has shown that the preliminary revision ofAtractomorphaby Banerjee&Kevan (1960), while basically not altogether unsatisfactory, is in need of considerable modification. The most important changes made include the recognition, as good species, of a number of taxa previously relegated to synonymy or to subspecific status. Two previously undescribed species have been discovered in the African a&errans‐group, and two new subspecies are erected. The conclusions are largely based upon a study of the phallic structures, which had not previously been deemed satisfactory in providing diagnostic characters. The variability of these structures in the various species is illustrated, including that due to immaturity in two of them. The concealed female copulatory structures are also figured. A new key to species and subspecies (as well as an abridged key) is presented. New species are:A. occidentalisandA. orientalis.New subspecies are:A. sinensis montanaandA. psittacina affinis.Species resurrected from synonymy are:A. rufopunctataBolivar,A. himalayicaBolivar, A.angustaKarsch, andA. similisBolivar, of whichA. australianaBolivar proves to be a synonym, and not a subspecies ofA. crenaticeps(Blanchard). The other species re‐elevated from subspecific rank isA. rhodopteraKarsch. Further changes in synonymy are as follows:A. lanceolataBolivar is a synonym ofA. burriBolivar and not ofA. rhodoptera; A. dentifronsBolivar is a synonym ofA. similisand not ofA. crenaticeps; A. brevicornis(Thunberg) is removed from partial synonymy withA. lata(Motschoulsky).A. blanchardiBolivar is not synonymous withA. crenulata(Fabricius) but is conspecific withA. acutipennis(Guérin‐Méneville) and is here tentatively recognized as a widely distributed south‐west Asiatic subspecies (in place ofA. brevisUvarov, which, as now understood, is restricted to south‐west Arabia).A. crenulataapparently has a more restricted distribution than previously thought, being largely replaced or complemented byA, angusta, except in India and Ceylon. Neotypes are designated forA. acutipennis blanchardiand forTruxalis oceanicusMontrouzier (=A. crenaticeps).Information regarding the type specimens of all nominal species ofAtractomorphaexceptA. nipponicaSteinmann is given, and lectotype designations are made wherever necessary. Photographs of almost all primary types, except that ofA. nipponica, that have not previously been so illustrated are present. This last species may be a synonym ofA. r

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1969.tb00710.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The mole rat,Spalax ehrenbergiNehring, is a complex group involving four chromosomal types of In = 52, 54, 58 and 60. These are clinally distributed from Mount Hermon in the north to the Negev in the south, covering humid, semihumid, semiarid and arid climates.Forty‐seven breeding nests ofSehrenbergiwere collected from 23 localities throughout the range and processed for nidicolous arthropods. A total of five species of fleas and 53 species of gamasid mites were collected. Their distribution in the investigated area has been analysed in relation to that of the chromosomal types ofS.ehrenbergi.The following conclusions have been reached:(a) Only three of the species (two haematophagous gamasids and one fungivorous acarid) range across the whole investigated area, showing strong host specificity, (b) A correlation is apparent between the distribution of several nidicolous arthropods (fleas and gamasids) and the ‘54’ geographic region. This probably reflects geographical distribution rather than host specificity, (c) Palaearctic species reach their southern limit of distribution on Mount Hermon and the Golan Heights; possibly Ethiopian ones reach their northern limit in the Negev. (d) No direct correlation has been found between nidicolous arthropods and the chromosomal types ofS. ehrenbergi.(e) Subjects for future investigation are out

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1969.tb00711.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper deals primarily with the collembolan species of the subfamily Dicyrtominae collected during the Royal Society Expedition to the Solomon Islands of 1965 by P. N. Lawrence, supplemented by material from these islands collected by Dr and Mrs P. J. M. Greenslade, all of which is in the British Museum (Natural History). Additional supporting material described here has been derived from the Noona Dan Expedition of the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen and from the Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Hawaii. I should like to express my thanks to the individuals and Museum sconcerned.

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1969.tb00712.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The behaviour during reproduction of four species of New Zealand cymatiids is described revealing a year‐long courtship period inCabestana spengleri. Charoniaspecies,Mayena australasiaandMonoplex australasiaehave only a brief period of courtship prior to egg laying. The female of all species remains with the egg mass until the embryos hatch. This period may be as long as three months in the case ofMayena australasia.Protection of the egg mass seems to be the reason for this brooding behaviour as development proceeds normally in the absence of the female. Anatomically, the genital system of these mesogastropods is approaching the condition seen in more advanced neogastropods particularly with regard to the femal

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1969.tb00713.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Field studies in Guyana, north‐eastern South America, from 1957 to 1962 included observations on the ecology and behaviour of cichlids in natural waters. Collections made were examined at the British Museum (Natural History) together with other cichlid material from Guyana. This paper records these observations and gives keys for the field indentification of these cichlids. Fifteen genera comprising at least 35 species occur in Guyana, mostly species with a wide distribution in tropical South America. In the predatoryCichla ocellariswhich grows larger than other South American cichlids, growth continues long after the fish matures. Males tend to be larger than associated females. The behaviour ofCichla ocellarisandCichlasoma festivumwhen guarding their young suggests that the caudal ocellus has a vital role in the orientation of young to parent. Most of these cichlids in which breeding habits are known are substratum‐spawners. An attachment gland, producing viscous threads, was found on the heads of recently hatchedGeophagus jurupariyoung, although this species carries the young in the mo

ISSN:0024-4082    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1969.tb00714.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY