摘要:

In twelve twin pregnancies with normal amniotic fluid volume, the urine output of each twin was lower than in fetuses from singleton pregnancies, and the combined urine output of both twins was between the 50th and 95th centile for singletons. In three twin pregnancies at 21–24 weeks of gestation with acute polyhydramnios, presumed to be due to the twin-twin transfusion syndrome, the urine output of the smaller fetus was zero and that of the larger was above the 95th centile for normal singleton pregnancies. These three pregnancies were managed by repeated amniocenteses and rapid drainage of large volumes of amniotic fluid. With advancing gestation, there was a tendency for normalization of urine output in the twin

ISSN:1015-3837    

DOI:10.1159/000263543

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The process of monozygotic twinning in animals and humans is presented. In addition, congenital defects in monozygotic twins versus dizygotic twins and singletons is discussed. Overall, the rates of congenital anomalies are higher among whites as compared to blacks, males as compared to females, and multiples as compared to singletons. The highest rates are among infants born to women in the oldest age category and infants with birth weights below 2,000 g. Among white infants, live births in plural deliveries had 22% more congenital anomalies as compared to single live births. Among black infants, the rate was only 4% higher among multiples. It has been suggested that the more frequent occurrence of low birth weight and preterm delivery among multiple births and by race are critical to the higher incidence of congenital anomalies in twins. Newer theories relating the twinning process to congenital anomalies in twins are also presented.

ISSN:1015-3837    

DOI:10.1159/000263545

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Fetal hydrops due to Rh (D) alloimmunization can be reversed by ultrasound-guided intravascular transfusions with improvement in perinatal morbidity and mortality. We report a case of in utero intravascular transfusion in hydropic twins which reversed all the hydropic findings within 3 days. A simple intraperitoneal transfusion was performed in each twin 2 weeks later, and only one neonatal exchange transfusion was required for the ultimate survival of both twins.

ISSN:1015-3837    

DOI:10.1159/000263546

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Fetomaternal hemorrhage secondary to chorionic villus biopsy has the potential to accelerate fetal hemolytic disease in the pregnant patient previously sensitized to red cell antigens. A case of poor fetal outcome after first-trimester transcervical chorionic villus sampling in an alloimmunized patient is reported. An increase in antibody titers was associated with the demise of a hydropic fetus early in the second trimester. Maternal red cell alloimmunization is suggested as an absolute contraindication for chorionic villus sampling performed for genetic indications.

ISSN:1015-3837    

DOI:10.1159/000263548

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring and computer-assisted analysis of FHR patterns were used to study 190 normal pregnancies on one occasion at 20–41 weeks’ gestation. The mean baseline FHR decreased, while the overall FHR variation, number of accelerations and time spent in high variation increased with gestation. The time spent in low variation did not change significantly with gestation. These data indicate that, in the interpretation of FHR patterns from high-risk pregnancies, it is necessary to make adjustments for gestational

ISSN:1015-3837    

DOI:10.1159/000263549

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

One of a pair of preterm twin fetuses was identified as having progressive hydrocephalus. After an extensive evaluation of the parents and both fetuses, a ventriculoamniotic shunt was placed. The affected twin, despite multiple additional neonatal procedures, has done well as matched against her normal twin sister. Both children are well 4 years after the surgery. The case presented a remarkable complexity of medical, ethical and legal issues which are presented.

ISSN:1015-3837    

DOI:10.1159/000263551

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 38 fetuses with holoprosencephaly, cordocentesis and blood karyotyping was performed. The karyotype was normal in all 12 cases with isolated holoprosencephaly, and in all 5 with holoprosencephaly and facial defects only. In contrast, 11 of the 21 (52%) fetuses with extrafacial malformations were chromosomally abnormal [47xx + 13, n = 6; 47xy + 13, n = 2; 47xx + 18, n = 1; 46xx –– 18+i(18q), n = 1; 46xy 21q––, n = 1]. In the chromosomally normal group, there was parental consanguinity in 2 cases and recurrence of holoprosencepha

ISSN:1015-3837    

DOI:10.1159/000263552

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Antenatal diagnosis of fetal gastroschisis permits study of bowel appearance throughout gestation. Fetal bowel dilation has been regarded as a ‘high-risk’ condition requiring imminent cesarean delivery. We report 2 cases of gastroschisis with onset of bowel dilation in the third trimester. At surgery, the bowel was patent. Neither fetus had evidence of acute bowel damage following expectant management and vaginl delivery. Both underwent a one-stage repair. We conclude that antenatal bowel dilation does not necessarily reflect bowel injury or a poorer neonatal prognosis. In our experience, bowel dilation in fetal gastroschisis does not represent a separate indication for cesarean delivery and can be associated with a good outcome following vaginal deliv

ISSN:1015-3837    

DOI:10.1159/000263554

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Intrauterine pressure was measured, at the time of diagnostic amniocentesis or cordocentesis, in 200 pregnancies at 10–38 weeks’ gestation. Mean pressure decreased exponentially with gestation from 9 mm Hg at 10 weeks reaching a plateau of 5 mm Hg at 30 weeks. These findings are compatible with Laplace’s law of pressure in sphe

ISSN:1015-3837    

DOI:10.1159/000263555

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger