摘要:

This article is a résumé of the working‐lifetime story of a class of high school boys and girls graduating in 1916 in San Jose, California–who went on to college, who didn't; who “succeeded,” and who failed in life, with a hint or two as to why; what the main avenues of endeavor were; and how these now‐older people regard their span of life and

ISSN:0031-5737    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1966.tb03076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

No counseling, other than the strictly information‐giving forms of academic and vocational advisement, can actually be limited to the conscious, rational layers of personality. The deeper levels are reflected in all aspects of behavior, so that concepts of a dichotomy between “counseling” and “psychotherapy” have only the most restricted usefulness. If counseling is necessarily a form of psychotherapy, however specialized, present training methods for counselor candidates are seriously inadequate. Advanced psychological knowledge is needed by counselors, including study of abnormal psychology and diagnostics, as well as of the biological and sociological roots of behavior. Also needed are more rigorous selection methods for counselor candidates, inasmuch as their work unavoidably affects the deeper personality dynamics of their clients, as well as a requirement that those who will counsel others therapeutically should themselves have the experience of being counseled. In view of the increased rigor of this program, if it is undertaken the scale of compensation for counselors should also be considerably

ISSN:0031-5737    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1966.tb03077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Republic of China is developing its guidance programs energetically and rapidly. The Chinese Guidance Association, a young but vigorous professional association, is devoted to research and development of China's student and industrial personnel programs. This APGA sister association has taken long strides ahead in the past eight years through organization of experimental school and college guidance programs, counselor education, development of tests, and distribution of vocational information materials. It has an ambitious and promising “five‐year development plan” blocked out for the period 19

ISSN:0031-5737    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1966.tb03078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Education in regard to alcoholism has not been a noted success. This problem is examined by approaching the situation from a psychoanalytic view, as well as through the review of the history of the use, abuse, and prohibition of alcohol in this country. Attitudes toward alcohol share much in common with the attitudes to the other instinctual gratifications. Because of the many repressions involved, the problems of transference make their appearance in the performance of the alcoholism educator, as well as the student. The conscious avoidance of patronizing, prohibitionist, and similar attitudes might allow the teacher to present both the advantages and the dangers in the use of alcohol, and thus open the subject to more wholesome consideration.

ISSN:0031-5737    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1966.tb03079.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The role of human characteristics in accident‐engendering behavior was studied in 146 high school students by evaluating the relationship between Aviator (Av) scores on the Strong Vocational Interest Blank with records of accidents over three consecutive years. Students with a history of one or more accidents had a mean Av score of 44.89 which was significantly higher (.001 level) than the mean of 37.86 for those without a recorded accident. Follow‐up on 22 juniors in their senior year for subsequent accidents showed that high Av scores yielded a significant relationship (.05 level) to future accidents. The available data also suggested that accident‐engendering behavior may be different in rural and urban set

ISSN:0031-5737    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1966.tb03080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of a counselor working directly with college teachers on a specific student learning problem—oral nonparticipation in discussion classes—was explored. Seven college history instructors viewed with a counselor videotaped excerpts of their own classroom discussion sessions. During playback sessions the counselor modeled and verbally and nonverbally reinforced certain instructor behaviors seen on video. Four instructors viewed tapes individually (IT) with the counselor; three instructors viewed tapes in a group (GT) with the counselor. Results: (1) Instructors reported video‐playback counseling was very helpful in changing their behavior in the classroom; (2) Instructors became more aware of how verbal and nonverbal cues influence student behaviors; (3) Small group playbacks seemed as effective as individual playback proc

ISSN:0031-5737    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1966.tb03081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sixty candidates showing large increases or decreases in score on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) from junior to senior year were interviewed. The candidates' explanations for the score changes were placed into Thorndike's categories of possible sources of test score variance, with the largest number falling into the category “lasting and general characteristics of the individual.” The implication of each category for testing and guidance procedures is discus

ISSN:0031-5737    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1966.tb03082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study was designed to determine the relationships between changes in academic performance and intellective and non‐intellective factors. Seventh grade students attending five junior high schools, who had attended selected elementary schools, were tested with the Personal Values Inventory (PVI), a test of academic motivation, shortly after the first seventh‐grade marking period. School marks at that marking period and those received the previous year were procured from a self‐report included in the PVI. All students had taken the California Achievement Test Battery and Mental Maturity Test as well as the Scholastic Testing Service Work‐Study Skills Test in the sixth grade. Factor analysis identified four factors in both boys and girls: intelligence‐achievement, academic motivation, academic plans, and youth‐culture involvement. While intelligence was found to be mainly unrelated to the criterion, the non‐intellective factors, especially academic motivation, bore significant relationships to the change

ISSN:0031-5737    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1966.tb03083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To develop a scoring scale to differentiate “behaving” from “misbehaving” children, sentence completion responses of 96 children whose classroom behavior was socially approved were compared with responses of 96 children whose behavior was disapproved because they were aggressive and disruptive. Applied to a cross‐validation sample of 96 approved and 96 disapproved children, it was found that scoring reliability was satisfactory, that the total scale score could be used to discriminate between these groups, and that inspection of individual protocols might yield valuable insights concerning a child's personal

ISSN:0031-5737    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1966.tb03084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study seeks to expand the concept of creativity by investigating the scholastic aptitudes and vocational needs of highly creative public high school seniors. Torrance's (1962) Minnesota Tests of Creative Thinking were administered to 708 seniors. Students scoring highest and lowest on two scales, originality and elaboration, were divided into 12 criterion groups (N = 311) among boys and girls. Significant differences were obtained on the Minnesota Scholastic Aptitude Test and the Minnesota Importance Questionnaire (MIQ) (Weiss, Dawis, England&Lofquist, 1964). Highly original seniors had significantly stronger needs than good elaborators on four MIQ scales. Students highest in both abilities had stronger needs than either high originals or good elaborators on five other MIQ scales.

ISSN:0031-5737    

DOI:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1966.tb03085.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY