ISSN:0304-3797    

DOI:10.1080/03043799108939535

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Bilateral, trilateral and even quadrilateral exchange programmes are becoming increasingly common in European undergraduate and postgraduate engineering curricula. Such programmes provide students with opportunities to enrich their scientific, linguistic and cultural profiles. This paper examines and compares the cross-cultural differences within the teaching and learning contexts (not contents) of different engineering study programmes in France, Britain and Germany. The authors relate variations in key variables such as evaluation, teacher-student relationships, student autonomy, the scope of studies and motivation to Geert Hofstede‘s four dimensions of national culture’—Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism and Masculinity. The authors conclude that Hofstede's four dimensions do appear to have explanatory power, and suggest further directions for future research. It is the authors' intention that their research project ultimately be of benefit to engineering students taking part in exchange study programmes. The authors welcome any readers who wish to cooperate and collaborate with them in further research and development work.

ISSN:0304-3797    

DOI:10.1080/03043799108939536

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In countries with a small ‘language area’, internationalization may lead to increased use of foreign languages in engineering education. This paper investigates the possible effects of learning and teaching in a foreign language. To arrive at an answer, it reviews research into the relationship between academic success and foreign language proficiency. It concludes that, for engineering programmes, learning and teaching in a foreign language will reduce the quality of education. Not only should a considerable drop in study results be expected, but also an increased workload for both students and teachers.

ISSN:0304-3797    

DOI:10.1080/03043799108939537

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

US aerospace engineering faculty and students were surveyed as part of the NASA/DoD Aerospace Knowledge Research Project. Faculty and students were viewed as information processors within a conceptual framework of information-seeking behavior. Questionnaires were received from 275 faculty members and 640 students which were used to determine (1) use and importance of information sources, (2) use of specific print sources and electronic data bases, (3) use of information technology and (4) the influence of instruction on the use of information sources and products by faculty and students. As information processors, US aerospace faculty and students are ‘information naïve’, seek out information alone or with the help of co-workers, tend not to make use of the information products and services oriented to them, make limited use of librarians, and make considerable use of computer and information technology. Little evidence was found to support the belief that instruction in library or engineering information use has significant impact either on broadening the frequency or range of information products and sources used by US aerospace engineering students.

ISSN:0304-3797    

DOI:10.1080/03043799108939538

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Aerospace engineers and scientists from Western Europe, Japan and the USA were surveyed as part of the NASA/'DoD Aerospace Knowledge Diffusion Research Project. Questionnaires were used to solicit their opinions regarding (1) the importance of technical communications to their profession, (2) the use and production of technical communications, and (3) their views about the appropriate content of an undergraduate course in technical communications. The ability to communicate technical information effectively was very important to the aerospace engineers and scientists who participated in the study. A considerable portion of their working week is devoted to using and producing technical information. The types of technical communications used and produced varied within and among the three groups. The type of technical communications product used and produced appears to be related to respondents' professional duties. Respondents from the three groups made similar recommendations regarding the principles, mechanics, and on-the-job communications to be included in an undergraduate technical communications course for aerospace majors.

ISSN:0304-3797    

DOI:10.1080/03043799108939539

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARY This paper examines two approaches to quality in engineering higher education. The first is based on the use of industrial quality systems standards, such as BS 5750 and the ISO 9000 series. Such standards are reviewed and criticisms of this approach noted. The other approach is total quality management, which has become very popular in both manufacturing and service industries. The total quality concept is described and the central elements identified. Two practical quality improvement processes are described. Conclusions are drawn concerning the suitability of each approach for engineering higher education.

ISSN:0304-3797    

DOI:10.1080/03043799108939540

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARY Formal arrangements are being introduced in the UK for the academic audit of all university courses. It seems likely that in the future these will become normal practice throughout Europe. Procedures are having to be developed which will demonstrate the achievement of quality. Little guidance has been available so far on how to frame these procedures for engineering courses. Standards introduced in recent years for assuring the quality of products and services have emphasized the central importance of the Quality Manual. This paper gives an example of how the philosophy of these standards has been applied, in the framing of a quality manual for an engineering degree scheme. It has been necessary to define aspects of the scheme, such as its overall objectives, much more closely, so as to bring together procedures to show that the objectives are being achieved. A discussion is included of the procedures required for auditing, which is essential to ensure that the quality control loop is closed. Attitudes to the introduction of the manual are reported briefly.

ISSN:0304-3797    

DOI:10.1080/03043799108939541

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Depuis deux siècles, la formation des cadres supérieurs est basée soit sur le ‘paradigme comtien’ (ingéw;nieurs, primat de la mathématique), soit sur le ‘paradigme harvardien’ (managers, primal de I'èconomie). Qu';il s'agisse d'ecoles d'ingénieurs ou de business schools, les sciences ‘molles’ n'y sont que très peu enseignées. De plus en plus, cependant, les dirigeants d'entreprises rencontrent des problémes difficiles de nature psychologique ou sociologique. L'auteur propose de fonder la formation des ingénieurs à partir de l'épistémologie plutôt qu'à partir de la mathématique, l'épistémologie étant la discipline la plus appropriée pour l'initiation à la créativité et la seule réalisant la synthèse entre sciences “dures” et sciences ‘molles’.

ISSN:0304-3797    

DOI:10.1080/03043799108939542

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARY In this paper a multidimensional model for evaluating college teaching effectiveness is developed to select the best faculty member for a teaching award. The model is based on the assumption that teaching effectiveness is a linear function of five variables:(a)students’ evaluation;(b)graduating students’ evaluation;(c)chairman's input;(d)colleagues’ input;(e)course file. These variables have been quantified to obtain teaching effectiveness scores for the faculty members eligible for the award contest. The scores of the five variables are standardized prior to differential weighting. The reason for incorporating these five standardized weighted variables into the model is to ensure the fairness and objectivity of this evaluation process. The model has been implemented in a college to select a faculty for an outstanding teacher award.

ISSN:0304-3797    

DOI:10.1080/03043799108939543

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0304-3797    

DOI:10.1080/03043799108939544

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor