摘要:

Thirty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control animals and those receiving sodium nitroprusside (SNP), 2-chloroadenosine, or a high, inspired concentration of isoflurane to produce deliberate hypotension to a mean arterial blood pressure of 50 mmHg. Ventilation was controlled (FIO2= 0.3); control animals and those treated with sodium nitroprusside or 2-chloroadenosine breathed isoflurane 1.4 vol%, whereas isoflurane, 3.9 vol%, was required to produce hypotension by deep anesthesia alone. Multiple tissue oxygen tension values (PtO2) were measured at intervals of 10 μm over a distance of 2 mm by advancing an oxygen micro-electrode through the parietal cerebral cortex of all animals. The frequency of low tissue PO2values (<10 mmHg) was increased with all forms of deliberate hypotension, but the magnitude of this change (a shift to the left in the frequency histogram) was significantly different among techniques. The shift toward lower PtO2values during hypotension was least in animals receiving deep isoflurane anesthesia, intermediate in those receiving SNP, and greatest in those treated with 2-chloroadenosine. In rats, areas of the brain appear to be at risk for significant tissue hypoxia during hypotension produced by 2-chloroadenosine.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A pharmacokinetic study of droperidol was performed in ten anesthetized patients receiving an intravenous bolus dose of 150 μg/kg of droperidol. Plasma concentrations were measured using a specific radioimmunoassay method. The pharmacokinetics of droperidol can be described according to a three-compartment open model. The mean (±SD) half-life for the rapid (t1/2π) and slow distribution (t1/2α) phases was 1.4 ± 0.5 min and 14.3 ± 6.5 min, respectively. The mean elimination half-life, t1/2 β was 103.8 ± 20.2 min. The mean (±SD) total body clearance was 14.1 ± 4.4 ml · min−1· kg−1, and the total apparent volume of distribution (Vdβ) was 2.04 ± 0.50 1/kg. The short terminal half-life of droperidol does not correlate with the well-known, relatively prolonged duration of its pharmacologic action.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Fasting rats were exposed to nitrous oxide (70% N2O/30% O2) for 24 h, a period of time sufficient to inactivate methionine synthase (correct trivial name). A spectrum of amino acids was measured in the brain, plasma, and liver. In addition, S-adenosylmethionine was measured in the liver and brain and glutathione was measured in the liver. Nitrous oxide caused no changes in the circulating concentrations of amino acids except for a decrease in tyrosine and alanine. Many amino acids were decreased in the liver, including grycine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and methionine. In the brain, only methionine and tyrosine were reduced. The administration of methionine did not reverse any of the amino acid changes except to increase methionine concentrations in the plasma and brain. Nitrous oxide reduced S-adenosylmethionine in the brain and liver. Administration of methionine to nitrous oxide-treated rats increased the level of S-adenosylmethionine in the liver and brain by 109% and 38% respectively above the control value. Liver glutathione (reduced) was unaffected by nitrous oxide. These results demonstrate that nitrous oxide can decrease the concentrations of two intermediary metabolites (methionine and S-adenosylmethionine) that are important in the control of methylation reactions and in the maintenance of the active form of tetrahydrofolic acid. Although nitrous oxide potentially is a strong oxidizing agent, there was no evidence of a disturbance in the liver glutathione pool.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors compared anesthesia faculties with the rest of medical school faculties at each of four academic ranks and found a significant difference in proportion of men and women anesthesia faculty members at the assistant professor rank only (P< 0.001). When the faculty status of women and men academic anesthesiologists was examined a significant difference was found in rank distribution in age groups 40 to 44 (P< 0.005) and 45 to 49 (P< 0.001), where there was a deficit of professors and a surfeit of instructors among women. Significant differences in distribution continued at age 50–54 (P< 0.01), 55–59 (P< 0.001), and 60–64 (P< 0.005), primarily at professor and assistant professor ranks. In addition, there was significantly lower prevalence of board certification (P< 0.001) and level of responsibilities for women (P< 0.001). There was no significant difference in tenure status.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The direct effect of the local anesthetic lidocaine was studied using the hippocampal slice preparation in order to assess the involvement of this structure in lidocaine-induced seizure activity. Changes in the evoked field potential amplitude and latency were used to measure the effect of the drug. A dose-dependent depression of the evoked field potentials was observed at lidocaine concentration of 10−4M and greater. No synchronized population bursting (seizures) was observed at any of the concentrations tested (10−6M to 10−3M). However, the hippocampal slice preparation is capable of producing seizure activity, as was demonstrated following application of penicillin G. The results suggest that the hippocampus is not the site of lidocaine-induced seizure activity.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID