摘要:

The effect of etomidate on human neutrophil chemiluminescence was evaluated. The latter is an index of oxygen free-radical generation, which is an important bactericidal mechanism. Five drug concentrations representing the free plasma concentrations ranging from deep anesthesia (0.5 μg/ml) to the plasma level that may be found approximately 1 h after an etomidate anesthetic (0.0156 μg/ml) were studied. The importance of the duration of drug incubation was assessed by incubating the neutrophils with the drug concentrations for 10, 20, 30, 40, or 50 min before stimulation. The reversibility of any depression in chemiluminescence was assessed by gently washing the cells twice after incubation and then stimulating them. The two higher etomidate concentrations (0.5 μg/ml and 0.125 μg/ml) produced reductions in chemiluminescence of 43% and 35%, respectively (P < 0.05). The reductions in activity only occurred when the cells had been incubated with etomidate for 50 min and were completely reversed by washing. These results show that clinically relevant concentrations of etomidate will reversibly depress neutrophil chemiluminescence in vitro when the cells are exposed to the drug for more than 50 min.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography (TEE) was evaluated in 11 patients who underwent myocardial revascularization. The TEE transducer was positioned to view the left ventricular (LV) short-axis at the level of the papillary muscles (midcavity). Good quality echocardiographic images were obtainable in ten of 11 patients. Global LV function was assessed by measuring LV end-diastolic and end-systolic area and computing the fractional area change (FAC). Measurements of LV areas and FAC had excellent intraobserver reproducibility. Regional LV function was analyzed in two ways after dividing the short-axis view of the LV into four or five anatomic segments. Systolic wall thickening (SWT) of the myocardium was measured in each of four segments by digitization of the endocardial and epicardial borders of the LV and determining the fractional wall thickening. Measurements of SWT were not reproducible, primarily because of a difficulty in delineating the epicardial border of the LV accurately. In the second method, regional wall motion (RWM) in each of five segments was graded according to a previously developed scoring system. RWM analysis proved to be a measurement with excellent interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility. TEE was performed without complication and found to be a reproducible method for assessing global and regional LV function. Quantitative analysis is tedious and, therefore, currently not available on-line in the operating room.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID