ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The 1970 geographical distributions of total anesthesia manpower, anesthesiologists, and nurse anesthetists by state were analyzed by multiple regression to account for their unevenness. Independent variables included factors relating to prior professional contact in the state, professional satisfaction, practice income, demand for services, and environment. The distribution of training programs accounted for 41 per cent of the variance in the distribution of total manpower, but 55 per cent was explained by the number of operations, location of nurse anesthesia schools, and proportion of total state employment in service occupations (a proxy for the availability of consumer services). Location of training programs and the absence of the other type of personnel were good predictors for the manpower subgroups. The distribution of nurse anesthesia schools, anesthesiologists, number of surgical operations, and the relative value schedule conversion factor together accounted for 60 per cent of the variance in the nurses' distribution. The location of residency programs (or positions) was a better predictor for the anesthesiologists') location than medical schools or factors characterizing the demand for services. The distribution of nurse anesthetists, hospital cost per day (considered a proxy for a satisfying professional life and for regionalization of services), and residency programs explained S1 per cent of the variance in the anesthesiologists' distribution. Although the regression predicts that increasing the number of residency programs in an underserved state should be associated with an increase the number of anesthesiologists, such a policy may be infeasible due to pending federal health manpower legislation unless matched by decreasing a greater number of programs in relatively oversupplied states.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The neuromuscular effects of azathioprine were examined in thein-vivocat soleus muscle preparation. In concentrations ranging from 10 to 1,000 μg/kg. administered intra-arterially, the agent caused motor axons to fire repetitively and produced a dose-related increase in the force of contraction. The drug reversed neuromuscular blockade produced byd-tubocurarine and potentiated the neuromuscular blockade produced by succinylcholine. The effects of theophylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on neuromuscular transmission were identical to those produced by azathioprine. Using anin-ritroassay preparation, azathioprine was found to produce 50 per cent inhibition (IC30) of phosphodiesterase at a concentration of 2 × 10−3M. In the same preparation, theophylline had an IC30of 1 × 10−4M. Neither agent in concentrations to 10−2M affected cholinesterase activity measuredin ritro.It is concluded that the effects of azathioprine on neuromuscular transmission are due to inhibition of phosphodiesterase in the motor nerve terminal.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Hepatic necrosis was induced in rats by a single exposure to 1 per cent halothane in oxygen following pretreatment with a single dose of Aroclor 1254, a polychlorinated biphenyl. The hepatic lesion was centrilohular and multifocal, and morphologically similar to that reported to occur in man.In-vitroincubation with14C-halothaane indicated an enhanced covalent binding of halothane metabolites to hepatic microsomal macromolecules, particularly lipids, following Aroclor 1254 pretreatment. Lipoperoxidation of microsomal unsaturated fatty acids was not observed with these animals.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Bis-[p-nitrophenyl] phosphate, BNPP, an enzyme inhibitor of the organophosphate class, has been used to inhibit the enzyme, carboxylic ester hydrolase EC3.1.1.1. Esterases play a major role in the rapid metabolism of propanididin viro; in fact, the short duration of action of this intravenous anesthetic agent is due to this rapid hydrolysis. The duration of anesthesia with propanidid alone in healthy mongrel dogs was 10.1 = 2.1 (SEM) minutes. When the dogs were pretreated with BNPP, propanidid anesthesia time was prolonged to 38.2 = 7.9 (SEM) minutes. Measurements of serum propanidid concentration demonstrated that prolonged high levels of propanidid were associated with the extended anesthesia time. Therefore. BNPP can significantly alter the anesthetic action of propanidid by inhibition of the enzyme system responsible for the rapid hydrolysis of the agent. The experimental model used in the present study provides a means for investigation of effects of certain drugs when their metabolism is impaired.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Thiopental-14C (30 mg and 10 μCi/kg) was injected intravenously into rats 36–48 hours following bilateral nephrectomy and one minute after pretreatment with sulfadimethoxine (30 mg/kg, iv). Control groups of normal and sham-operated animals were used. The distributions of radioactivity in plasma, brain, and heart 1.5, and 30 minutes after injection were examined. Uremic and sulfonamide-pretreated rats showed significantly higher levels of14C in brain and heart and more free thiopental in plasma at each time than did control animals. There was a significant correlation between the free thiopental in plasma and total drug concentrations in the brain and heart. Uremie rats bound less thiopental in plasma compared with controls in spite of normal total plasma protein and albumin concentrations. It is concluded that reduced protein binding of thiopental leads to accelerated distribution and increased drug concentrations in the brain and heart.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID