ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of intraperitoneal injection of physiologic saline solution, pentobarbital, 50 mg/kg, or thiopental, 20 or 50 mg/kg, upon small arteries (35–45 μ) and snail veins (70–100 μ) in the wings of unanesthetized bats were studied. The rate of venous vasomotion and the diameters of the artery and vein were recorded for 20 minutes before, and for 50 minutes after, each injection. Dilatation of the artery to 129.3 ± 6 per cent of control (P< 0.02) and the vein to 124.1 ± 7.3 per cent of control (P<0.02) occurred 10 minutes following pentobarbital. Thiopental (50 mg/kg) increased venous vasomotion (108 ± 1.3 per cent,P< 0.02), but neither dosage of thiopental produced a significant change in the diameters of the artery and vein. It is concluded that pentobarbital and thiopental have different effects upon the small blood vessels of the subcutaneous tissues in the bat wing.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A survey was undertaken to evaluate the possible relationship between spontaneous miscarriage and exposure to the operating room. The study was carried out by personal interview of 67 operating room and 92 general duty nurses. Results indicate that during the years 1966–1970, 29.7 per cent of pregnancies in operating room nurses ended in spontaneous miscarriage, compared with only 8.8 per cent in the control group. A similar pattern was observed in a second study of 50 anesthetists and 81 physicians practicing in specialties other than anesthesia. During the six-year period 1965–1970, the anesthetists evidenced a 37.8 per cent spontaneous miscarriage rate, compared with 10.3 per cent in the control group. Miscarriages occurred earlier in both operating room nurses and anesthetists compared with their control groups (eighth versus tenth week). These results suggest a fetal lethality, possibly due to the anesthetic gases, although the studies do not incriminate any specific anesthetic agent, nor is a cause-effect relationship established.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Halothane present in the ambient atmosphere was continuously measured in each of two operating rooms during the conduct of surgical anesthesia. Concentrations were determined on-line with a mass spectrometer and found to vary with sampling site, breathing system used, and the scavenging system employed to remove overflow anesthetic gases. Concentrations of halothane measured within a 3-foot radius of the anesthesia equipment averaged 8.7 ppm when a nonrebreathing circuit was used (flow 10 l/min), and 4.9 ppm with a semiclosed circle system (flow 4–5 l/min). End-tidal concentrations of halothane averaged 0.21 ppm in 81 samplings from operating room nurses and 0.46 ppm in 36 samplings from anesthetists. Residual concentrations were present in many individuals 16 hours after exposure. A significant reduction in atmospheric contamination of the operating room was obtained by use of appropriate scavenging equipment. The implications of these findings are discussed.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Uterine blood flow, maternal hemodynamics, and fetal and maternal blood gases were measured before, during and after the administration of methoxamine and ephedrine to pregnant monkeys during normotension under nitrous oxide-oxygen analgesia. Methoxamine increased maternal blood pressure and total peripheral vascular resistance and decreased cardiac output, maternal heart rate, and uterine blood flow. Ephedrine increased maternal heart rate, but did not alter blood pressure, total peripheral vascular resistance, cardiac output, or uterine blood flow. While the fetus was unaffected by ephedrine, it manifested signs of asphyxia with methoxamine. After the vasopressors were discontinued uterine blood flow decreased with ephedrine and increased with methoxamine.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of enflurane in man was found to be 1.68 per cent, a value close to that which would have been predicted, based on its lipid solubility.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Using a mathematical model, the authors have confirmed the finding of Salanitre and Raekow that the rate of rise of alveolar halothane invivois more rapid in children and infants than in adults. The reasons advanced by Salanitre and Rackow for the more rapid approach to equilibrium include greater perfusion and ventilation and diversion of a greater fraction of cardiac output to highly perfused tissues. These partially explain the more rapid increase in the young. Additional explanations relating to differences between the experiments in children and adults are necessary to reconcile findings invivowith simulation findings. Subanesthetic halothane concentrations were used in adults, while anesthetic levels were used in children. The depression of cardiac output and consequent reduction of uptake produced by anesthetic levels contributed to the more rapid increase in children. In addition, metabolism of halothane at subanesthetic levels probably caused a greater fraction of the inspired halothane to be degraded in the adults, thereby slowing the increase in alveolar concentration.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID