ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A pediatric constant-volume time-cycled ventilator (Amsterdam Infant Ventilator; AIV) modified from an Ayre's T-piece to allow for intermittent positive-, positive-negative-, and positive-positive-pressure ventilation was evaluated under laboratory and clinical conditions. The unit performed well under standard simulated conditions of decreased compliance and increased airway resistance. It compared favorably with the pediatric version of the Engström ventilator. When used by itself as a primary anesthesia system, the T-piece section permitted spontaneous, assisted, or controlled ventilation. It was also successfully mated with four popular ventilators.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of intravenously administered lidocaine on cerebral metabolism, circulation and EEG were studied in 16 dogs. Six dogs (Group I) received a single injection of 3 mg/lcg lidocaine, which depressed CMRo210 per cent at 2 minutes, with return toward control within 5 minutes. Five dogs (Group II) received a single injection of 15 mg/kg, which depressed CMRo227 per cent at 2 minutes, with return toward control within 60 minutes. The changes in CMRo2paralleled changes in slow-wave activity of the EEG. Slower activity was accompanied by more significant decrease in CMRo2. The other five dogs (Group III) received a constant infusion of lidocaine (3.8 ± 0.4 mg/kg/min) until EEG seizures were induced. The mean total dose of lidocaine needed to produce seizures was 26.8 ± 0.7 mg/kg, which depressed CMRo230 per cent before the onset of seizures. During the seizures, CMRo2increased to 112 percent of control and CBF increased disproportionately more than the increase in CMRo2. With the termination of seizures, CMRo2decreased again to pre-seizure level and returned toward control within 90 minutes. These results indicate that a non-seizure-producing dose of lidocaine depresses cerebral respiration, but the effect is reversed by a seizure-producing dose,i.e., that the effects of lidocaine on the brain show a dichotomy, which includes a metabolic component.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The cardiovascular effects ofd-tubocurarine (dTc), 12 mg/m2intravenously, were studied in 15 elderly patients anesthetized with 0.25, 0.50, or 0.75 per cent alveolar halothane and 60 per cent nitrous oxide. Identical studies were conducted in 15 patients who receiveddTc, 6, 12, or 18 nig/m2, and were anesthetized with 0.50 per cent halothane and 60 per cent nitrous oxide. Last, the cardiovascular effects ofdTc, 12 mg/m2, during 0.75 per cent alveolar halothane with and without 60 per cent nitrous oxide were compared. Hypotension followingdTc, 12 mg/m2, was directly related to alveolar concentration of halothane. Heart rate and pre-ejection period, an estimate of ventricular function, were not changed followingdTc, 12 mg/m2. Addition of 60 per cent nitrous oxide to 0.75 per cent halothane augmented hypotension and depressed pre-ejection period followingdTc, 12 mg/m2. In those patients anesthetized with constant 0.5 per cent alveolar halothane and 60 per cent nitrous oxide, hypotension increased with increasingdTc doses. Heart rate was increased with no change in the pre-ejection period. These results are consistent with histamine release and ganglionic blockade, but not direct myocardtal depression, as the cause ofdTc induced hypotension. We conclude that hypotension resulting fromdTc is directly related to anesthetic dose (whether halothane, nitrous oxide, or both is not as important as the total dose) and to the dose ofdTc administered.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In isolated pieces of rat pancreas addition of 300 mg glucose/100 ml bathing medium resulted in a marked and significant increase in insulin secretion. This glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is reversibly inhibited by halothane in a concentration-dependent fashion (0.63, 1.25, and 1.88 MAC halothane produced depressions of 8.4, 18.9, and 37.0 per cent, respectively). Halothane, 1.88 MAC, had no effect on the basal or nonglucose-mediated insulin release.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Forty male students were each exposed on two occasions to four hours of inhalation of either air or 500 ppm nitrous oxide with or without 15 ppm halothane in air. Immediately following exposure, a battery of tests of perceptual, cognitive and motor skills was administered. Compared with responses after breathing of air, those after exposure to nitrous oxide and halothane showed significant decrements in perfomances of a task in which attention was divided between auditory and visual signals, a visual tachistoscopic test, and memory tests involving digit span and recall of word pairs. Subjects exposed to nitrous oxide alone scored significantly lower on the digit-span test only.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID