ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Static volume-pressure relations of the total respiratory system were measured in 34 healthy infants paralyzed by intravenous d-tubocurarine. The values reported are of practical interest when applied to anesthetic, therapeutic and resuscitation techniques used for infants. These values are not significantly different from the static total compliances measured in a comparable group of infants in a previous study, in which muscular paralysis was achieved with intramuscular succinylcholine.Data are presented which demonstrate two parallel relationships in the infant between the static total compliance, measured in this study, and the dynamic lung compliance, reported by others. First, the similarity of the values for total compliance and lung compliance indicates that the infant's chest wall compliance, alone, is quite high. Second, the close relation observed here between total compliance and the third power of body height approximates the relationship reported for lung compliance and body height.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Small amounts of carbon monoxide are endogenously produced by the breakdown of hemoglobin. Accumulation of carbon monoxide was measured in a series of patients anesthetized with a closed circle system; clinically significant values were occasionally reached. Factors affecting carbon monoxide levels were blood transfusion before and during operation and prolonged use of the closed system.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The mean end-expiratory oxygen concentration in nine volunteers breathing 100 per cent oxygen from a B.L.B. mask was only 61 per cent; furthermore there were wide differences in the efficiency of this mask between subjects. An alternative system of oxygen administration is described, consisting of a pilot's mask and a demand valve. The mean end-expiratory oxygen concentration attained with this system was 83 per cent and individual variations were small. This mask is more comfortable to wear than the B.L.B. and the inspiratory and expiratory pressures are very low.This study was carried out at two atmospheres absolute in order to allow measurements of arterial oxygen tension to be made in some of these subjects. The arterial values obtained indicate that the arterial oxygen tension approaches closely the level predicted theoretically at this pressure. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is therefore not impeded by the failure of the arterial blood to reach the expected oxygen tension provided that the oxygen administration system is efficient.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effect of changes in blood pH on the distribution of d-tubocurarine within the plasma was investigated in 12 animals. Using a modified Latin square design each dog was studied for 1 hour under conditions of normal blood pH, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis. Circulatory depression was prevented by the infusion of 1,1-dimethy1–1,4-phenylpiperazinium (DMFP). Plasma levels of d-tubocurarine were measured spectrophotometrically at 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 60 minute intervals following the intravenous injection of 0.3 mg./kg. An analysis of variance indicates no significant difference between plasma concentrations of d-tubocurarine at various pH levels and suggests that changes in blood pH in the physiologic range have little effect on the plasma distribution of d-tubocurarina

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Studies of the effects of inhalation anesthetics on membrane carrier systems were carried out using, as a prototype, entry of monosaccharides into human erythrocytes. The data obtained lead to the proposal that, by acting as penetrating competitive inhibitors in a system which involves uphill counter-transport mechanisms, anesthetics can result in either acceleration or inhibition of the rate of transport of monosaccharides across cell membranes, depending upon the relative concentration of the anesthetic.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Postoperative ventilatory status was studied in three groups of patients totaling 79: the first group anesthetized with N2O and large doses of d-tubocurare followed by complete reversal with neostigmine, a second with N2O-ether and a third with cyclopropane. Changes in arterial blood gases and inspiratory force were the criteria used.Significant differences among the groups occurred only in the first hour postoperatively: (1) CO2retention in cyclopropane group compared to other groups and (2) less acidosis and higher inspiratory force measurements in female patients receiving curare, when a nerve muscle stimulator was used to define complete reversal of curarization.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Pulmonary compliance (CL) and resistance (RL) were measured simultaneously in 13 supine patients prior to operation in both awake and anesthetized states. During anesthesia three air-way situations were compared: (1) mask, no airway, (2) mask, oral airway, and (3) endotracheal airway. During mask anesthesia RL. was 123 per cent above the control without oral airway, 55 per cent above the control with oral airway, and with tracheal intubation RL decreased to 18 per cent below the control. During periods of increased RL with mask, such “subtle” obstruction was clinically undetectable, not accompanied by decreased tidal exchange. The primary reason for elevated RL during mask anesthesia was due to increases in upper airway resistances. Compliance fell approximately 15 per cent during anesthesia, remained at a depressed level and was uninfluenced by the type of airway or its adequacy.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The minimum alveolar concentration of anesthetic (MAC) necessary to prevent movement in response to a painful stimulus was relatively constant in dogs anesthetized with halothane. MAC varied over a two-fold range with the intensity of the stimulus, but appeared to reach an upper limit beyond which a further increase in intensity did not increase MAC. For the same stimulus MAC was constant from dog to dog. MAC was unaffected by duration of anesthesia, unaltered by hypocarbia or hypercarbia, by phenylephrine-in-duced hypertension or by mild hypoxia (Pao230 to 60 mm. of mercury). Hemorrhagic hypotension or marked acute metabolic acidosis reduced MAC by 10 to 20 per cent. Severe hypoxia (Pao2less than 30 mm. of mercury) reduced MAC by 25 to 50 per cent.MAC appears to be a useful standard by which all inhalation anesthetics may be compared.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID